
/* Automatically generated by m214003 at 2014-09-16, do not edit */

/* CGRIBEXLIB_VERSION="1.7.0" */

#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 5)
#pragma GCC diagnostic push
#endif
#ifdef __GNUC__
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-conversion"
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-but-set-variable"
#endif

#ifdef _ARCH_PWR6
#pragma options nostrict
#endif

#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
#  include "config.h"
#endif

#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <inttypes.h>


#include "file.h"
#include "dmemory.h"
#include "dtypes.h"
#include "calendar.h"
#include "timebase.h"

#ifndef _TEMPLATES_H
#define _TEMPLATES_H

#define CAT(X,Y)      X##_##Y
#define TEMPLATE(X,Y) CAT(X,Y)

#endif 
#ifndef _GRIB_INT_H
#define _GRIB_INT_H

#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
#  include "config.h"
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <float.h>


#if ! defined   (_CGRIBEX_H)
#  include "cgribex.h"
#endif
#if ! defined   (_ERROR_H)
#  include "error.h"
#endif
#if ! defined   (_DTYPES_H)
#  include "dtypes.h"
#endif

#if ! defined   (FALSE)
#  define  FALSE  0
#endif

#if ! defined   (TRUE)
#  define  TRUE  1
#endif

#if ! defined   (UCHAR)
#  define  UCHAR  unsigned char
#endif


#if defined (CRAY) || defined (SX) || defined (__uxpch__)
#  define VECTORCODE
#endif


#if defined (VECTORCODE)
#if  defined  (INT32)
#  define  GRIBPACK     unsigned INT32
#  define  PACK_GRIB    packInt32
#  define  UNPACK_GRIB  unpackInt32
#else
#  define  GRIBPACK     unsigned INT64
#  define  PACK_GRIB    packInt64
#  define  UNPACK_GRIB  unpackInt64
#endif
#else
#  define  GRIBPACK     unsigned char
#endif

#define  U_BYTEORDER     static union {unsigned long l; unsigned char c[sizeof(long)];} u_byteorder = {1}
#define  IS_BIGENDIAN()  (u_byteorder.c[sizeof(long) - 1])

#if defined (__xlC__) /* performance problems on IBM */
#ifndef DBL_IS_NAN
#  define DBL_IS_NAN(x)     ((x) != (x))
#endif
#else
#ifndef DBL_IS_NAN
#if  defined  (HAVE_DECL_ISNAN)
#  define DBL_IS_NAN(x)     (isnan(x))
#elif  defined  (FP_NAN)
#  define DBL_IS_NAN(x)     (fpclassify(x) == FP_NAN)
#else
#  define DBL_IS_NAN(x)     ((x) != (x))
#endif
#endif
#endif

#ifndef DBL_IS_EQUAL
/*#define DBL_IS_EQUAL(x,y) (!(x < y || y < x)) */
#  define DBL_IS_EQUAL(x,y) (DBL_IS_NAN(x)||DBL_IS_NAN(y)?(DBL_IS_NAN(x)&&DBL_IS_NAN(y)?1:0):!(x < y || y < x))
#endif

#ifndef IS_EQUAL
#  define IS_NOT_EQUAL(x,y) (x < y || y < x)
#  define IS_EQUAL(x,y)     (!IS_NOT_EQUAL(x,y))
#endif

/* dummy use of unused parameters to silence compiler warnings */
#define  UNUSED(x) (void)x

#define  JP23SET    0x7FFFFF  /* 2**23 - 1 (---> 8388607)  */

#define  POW_2_M24  0.000000059604644775390625  /*  pow(2.0, -24.0) */

double intpow2(int x);

int gribrec_len(int b1, int b2, int b3);
int correct_bdslen(int bdslen, long recsize, long gribpos);

/* CDI converter routines */

/* param format:  DDDCCCNNN */

void    cdiDecodeParam(int param, int *dis, int *cat, int *num);
int     cdiEncodeParam(int dis, int cat, int num);

/* date format:  YYYYMMDD */
/* time format:  hhmmss   */

void    cdiDecodeDate(int date, int *year, int *month, int *day);
int     cdiEncodeDate(int year, int month, int day);

void    cdiDecodeTime(int time, int *hour, int *minute, int *second);
int     cdiEncodeTime(int hour, int minute, int second);

/* CALENDAR types */

#define  CALENDAR_STANDARD        0  /* don't change this value (used also in cgribexlib)! */
#define  CALENDAR_PROLEPTIC       1
#define  CALENDAR_360DAYS         2
#define  CALENDAR_365DAYS         3
#define  CALENDAR_366DAYS         4
#define  CALENDAR_NONE            5

extern FILE *grprsm;

extern int  CGRIBEX_Debug;

void   gprintf(const char *caller, const char *fmt, ...);

void   grsdef(void);

void   prtbin(int kin, int knbit, int *kout, int *kerr);
void   confp3(double pval, int *kexp, int *kmant, int kbits, int kround);
double decfp2(int kexp, int kmant);
void   ref2ibm(double *pref, int kbits);

void   scale_complex_double(double *fpdata, int pcStart, int pcScale, int trunc, int inv);
void   scale_complex_float(float *fpdata, int pcStart, int pcScale, int trunc, int inv);
void   scatter_complex_double(double *fpdata, int pcStart, int trunc, int nsp);
void   scatter_complex_float(float *fpdata, int pcStart, int trunc, int nsp);
void   gather_complex_double(double *fpdata, int pcStart, int trunc, int nsp);
void   gather_complex_float(float *fpdata, int pcStart, int trunc, int nsp);

void   scm0_double(double *pdl, double *pdr, double *pfl, double *pfr, int klg);
int    qu2reg2(double *pfield, int *kpoint, int klat, int klon,
	       double *ztemp, double msval, int *kret);
int    qu2reg3_double(double *pfield, int *kpoint, int klat, int klon,
		      double msval, int *kret, int omisng, int operio, int oveggy);
int    qu2reg3_float(float *pfield, int *kpoint, int klat, int klon,
		     float msval, int *kret, int omisng, int operio, int oveggy);

#if  defined  (INT32)
long   packInt32(unsigned INT32 *up, unsigned char *cp, long bc, long tc);
#endif
long   packInt64(unsigned INT64 *up, unsigned char *cp, long bc, long tc);
#if  defined  (INT32)
long   unpackInt32(const unsigned char *cp, unsigned INT32 *up, long bc, long tc);
#endif
long   unpackInt64(const unsigned char *cp, unsigned INT64 *up, long bc, long tc);

void  grib_encode_double(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, double *fsec2, int *isec3,
			 double *fsec3, int *isec4, double *fsec4, int klenp, int *kgrib,
			 int kleng, int *kword, int efunc, int *kret);
void  grib_encode_float(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, float *fsec2, int *isec3,
			float *fsec3, int *isec4, float *fsec4, int klenp, int *kgrib,
			int kleng, int *kword, int efunc, int *kret);

void  grib_decode_double(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, double *fsec2, int *isec3,
			 double *fsec3, int *isec4, double *fsec4, int klenp, int *kgrib,
			 int kleng, int *kword, int dfunc, int *kret);
void  grib_decode_float(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, float *fsec2, int *isec3,
			float *fsec3, int *isec4, float *fsec4, int klenp, int *kgrib,
			int kleng, int *kword, int dfunc, int *kret);

#endif  /* _GRIB_INT_H */
#ifndef _GRIBDECODE_H
#define _GRIBDECODE_H

#define  UNDEFINED          9.999e20


#define  GET_INT3(a,b,c)    ((1-(int) ((unsigned) (a & 128) >> 6)) * (int) (((a & 127) << 16)+(b<<8)+c))
#define  GET_INT2(a,b)      ((1-(int) ((unsigned) (a & 128) >> 6)) * (int) (((a & 127) << 8) + b))
#define  GET_INT1(a)        ((1-(int) ((unsigned) (a & 128) >> 6)) * (int) (a&127))

/* this requires a 32-bit default integer machine */
#define  GET_UINT4(a,b,c,d) ((int) ((a << 24) + (b << 16) + (c << 8) + (d)))
#define  GET_UINT3(a,b,c)   ((int) ((a << 16) + (b << 8)  + (c)))
#define  GET_UINT2(a,b)     ((int) ((a << 8)  + (b)))
#define  GET_UINT1(a)       ((int)  (a))

#define  BUDG_START(s)      (s[0]=='B' && s[1]=='U' && s[2]=='D' && s[3]=='G')
#define  TIDE_START(s)      (s[0]=='T' && s[1]=='I' && s[2]=='D' && s[3]=='E')
#define  GRIB_START(s)      (s[0]=='G' && s[1]=='R' && s[2]=='I' && s[3]=='B')
#define  GRIB_FIN(s)        (s[0]=='7' && s[1]=='7' && s[2]=='7' && s[3]=='7')

/* GRIB1 Section 0: Indicator Section (IS) */

#define  GRIB1_SECLEN(s)     GET_INT3(s[ 4], s[ 5], s[ 6])
#define  GRIB_EDITION(s)     GET_UINT1(s[ 7])

/* GRIB1 Section 1: Product Definition Section (PDS) */

#define  PDS_Len             GET_UINT3(pds[ 0], pds[ 1], pds[ 2])
#define  PDS_CodeTable       GET_UINT1(pds[ 3])
#define  PDS_CenterID        GET_UINT1(pds[ 4])
#define  PDS_ModelID         GET_UINT1(pds[ 5])
#define  PDS_GridDefinition  GET_UINT1(pds[ 6])
#define  PDS_Sec2Or3Flag     GET_UINT1(pds[ 7])
#define  PDS_HAS_GDS         ((pds[7] & 128) != 0)
#define  PDS_HAS_BMS         ((pds[7] &  64) != 0)
#define  PDS_Parameter       GET_UINT1(pds[ 8])
#define  PDS_LevelType       GET_UINT1(pds[ 9])
#define  PDS_Level1          (pds[10])
#define  PDS_Level2	     (pds[11])
#define  PDS_Level	     GET_UINT2(pds[10], pds[11])
#define  PDS_Year            GET_INT1(pds[12])
#define  PDS_Month           GET_UINT1(pds[13])
#define  PDS_Day             GET_UINT1(pds[14])
#define  PDS_Hour            GET_UINT1(pds[15])
#define  PDS_Minute          GET_UINT1(pds[16])
#define  PDS_Date            (PDS_Year*10000+PDS_Month*100+PDS_Day)
#define  PDS_Time            (PDS_Hour*100+PDS_Minute)
#define  PDS_TimeUnit        GET_UINT1(pds[17])
#define  PDS_TimePeriod1     GET_UINT1(pds[18])
#define  PDS_TimePeriod2     GET_UINT1(pds[19])
#define  PDS_TimeRange       GET_UINT1(pds[20])
#define  PDS_AvgNum          GET_UINT2(pds[21], pds[22])
#define  PDS_AvgMiss         GET_UINT1(pds[23])
#define  PDS_Century         GET_UINT1(pds[24])
#define  PDS_Subcenter       GET_UINT1(pds[25])
#define  PDS_DecimalScale    GET_INT2(pds[26],pds[27])


/* GRIB1 Section 2: Grid Description Section (GDS) */

#define  GDS_Len             ((gds) == NULL ? 0 : GET_UINT3(gds[ 0], gds[ 1], gds[ 2]))
#define  GDS_NV              GET_UINT1(gds[ 3])
#define  GDS_PVPL            GET_UINT1(gds[ 4])
#define  GDS_PV	             ((gds[3] ==    0) ? -1 : (int) gds[4] - 1)
#define  GDS_PL	             ((gds[4] == 0xFF) ? -1 : (int) gds[3] * 4 + (int) gds[4] - 1)
#define  GDS_GridType        GET_UINT1(gds[ 5])


/* GRIB1 Triangular grid of DWD */
#define  GDS_GME_NI2         GET_UINT2(gds[ 6], gds[ 7])
#define  GDS_GME_NI3         GET_UINT2(gds[ 8], gds[ 9])
#define  GDS_GME_ND          GET_UINT3(gds[10], gds[11], gds[12])
#define  GDS_GME_NI          GET_UINT3(gds[13], gds[14], gds[15])
#define  GDS_GME_AFlag       GET_UINT1(gds[16])
#define  GDS_GME_LatPP       GET_INT3(gds[17], gds[18], gds[19])
#define  GDS_GME_LonPP       GET_INT3(gds[20], gds[21], gds[22])
#define  GDS_GME_LonMPL      GET_INT3(gds[23], gds[24], gds[25])
#define  GDS_GME_BFlag       GET_UINT1(gds[27])

/* GRIB1 Spectral */
#define  GDS_PentaJ          GET_UINT2(gds[ 6], gds[ 7])
#define  GDS_PentaK          GET_UINT2(gds[ 8], gds[ 9])
#define  GDS_PentaM          GET_UINT2(gds[10], gds[11])
#define  GDS_RepType         GET_UINT1(gds[12])
#define  GDS_RepMode         GET_UINT1(gds[13])

/* GRIB1 Regular grid */
#define  GDS_NumLon          GET_UINT2(gds[ 6], gds[ 7])
#define  GDS_NumLat          GET_UINT2(gds[ 8], gds[ 9])
#define  GDS_FirstLat        GET_INT3(gds[10], gds[11], gds[12])
#define  GDS_FirstLon        GET_INT3(gds[13], gds[14], gds[15])
#define  GDS_ResFlag         GET_UINT1(gds[16])
#define  GDS_LastLat         GET_INT3(gds[17], gds[18], gds[19])
#define  GDS_LastLon         GET_INT3(gds[20], gds[21], gds[22])
#define  GDS_LonIncr         GET_UINT2(gds[23], gds[24])
#define  GDS_LatIncr         GET_UINT2(gds[25], gds[26])
#define  GDS_NumPar          GET_UINT2(gds[25], gds[26])
#define  GDS_ScanFlag        GET_UINT1(gds[27])
#define  GDS_LatSP           GET_INT3(gds[32], gds[33], gds[34])
#define  GDS_LonSP           GET_INT3(gds[35], gds[36], gds[37])
#define  GDS_RotAngle        GET_Real(&(gds[38]))

/* GRIB1 Lambert */
#define  GDS_Lambert_Lov     GET_INT3(gds[17], gds[18], gds[19])
#define  GDS_Lambert_dx	     GET_INT3(gds[20], gds[21], gds[22])
#define  GDS_Lambert_dy	     GET_INT3(gds[23], gds[24], gds[25])
#define  GDS_Lambert_ProjFlag GET_UINT1(gds[26])
#define  GDS_Lambert_LatS1   GET_INT3(gds[28], gds[29], gds[30])
#define  GDS_Lambert_LatS2   GET_INT3(gds[31], gds[32], gds[33])
#define  GDS_Lambert_LatSP   GET_INT3(gds[34], gds[35], gds[36])
#define  GDS_Lambert_LonSP   GET_INT3(gds[37], gds[37], gds[37])

/* GRIB1 Section 3: Bit Map Section (BMS) */

#define  BMS_Len	     ((bms) == NULL ? 0 : (int) (bms[0]<<16)+(bms[1]<<8)+bms[2])
#define  BMS_UnusedBits      (bms[3])
#define  BMS_Numeric         
#define  BMS_Bitmap	     ((bms) == NULL ? NULL : (bms)+6)
#define  BMS_BitmapSize      (((((bms[0]<<16)+(bms[1]<<8)+bms[2]) - 6)<<3) - bms[3])

/* GRIB1 Section 4: Binary Data Section (BDS) */

#define  BDS_Len	    ((int) ((bds[0]<<16)+(bds[1]<<8)+bds[2]))
#define  BDS_Flag	    (bds[3])
#define  BDS_BinScale       GET_INT2(bds[ 4], bds[ 5])
#define  BDS_RefValue       decfp2((int)bds[ 6], GET_UINT3(bds[ 7], bds[ 8], bds[ 9]))
#define  BDS_NumBits        ((int) bds[10])
#define  BDS_RealCoef       decfp2((int)bds[zoff+11], GET_UINT3(bds[zoff+12], bds[zoff+13], bds[zoff+14]))
#define  BDS_PackData       ((int) ((bds[zoff+11]<<8) + bds[zoff+12]))
#define  BDS_Power          GET_INT2(bds[zoff+13], bds[zoff+14])
#define  BDS_Z              (bds[13])

/* GRIB1 Section 5: End Section (ES) */

/* GRIB2 */

#define  GRIB2_SECLEN(section)   (GET_UINT4(section[0], section[1], section[2], section[3]))
#define  GRIB2_SECNUM(section)   (GET_UINT1(section[4]))

#endif  /* _GRIBDECODE_H */
#ifndef _GRIB_ENCODE_H
#define _GRIB_ENCODE_H


#define PutnZero(n) \
{ \
  int i; \
  for ( i = z; i < z+n; i++ ) lGrib[i] = 0; \
  z += n; \
}

#define Put1Byte(Value)  (lGrib[z++] = (Value))
#define Put2Byte(Value) ((lGrib[z++] = (Value) >>  8), \
                         (lGrib[z++] = (Value)))
#define Put3Byte(Value) ((lGrib[z++] = (Value) >> 16), \
                         (lGrib[z++] = (Value) >>  8), \
                         (lGrib[z++] = (Value)))
#define Put4Byte(Value) ((lGrib[z++] = (Value) >> 24), \
                         (lGrib[z++] = (Value) >> 16), \
                         (lGrib[z++] = (Value) >>  8), \
                         (lGrib[z++] = (Value)))

#define Put1Int(Value)  {ival = Value; if ( ival < 0 ) ival =     0x80 - ival; Put1Byte(ival);}
#define Put2Int(Value)  {ival = Value; if ( ival < 0 ) ival =   0x8000 - ival; Put2Byte(ival);}
#define Put3Int(Value)  {ival = Value; if ( ival < 0 ) ival = 0x800000 - ival; Put3Byte(ival);}

#define Put1Real(Value)          \
{                                \
  confp3(Value, &exponent, &mantissa, BitsPerInt, 1); \
  Put1Byte(exponent);            \
  Put3Byte(mantissa);            \
}

#endif  /* _GRIB_ENCODE_H */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>


const double _pow2tab[158] = {
 /* pow(2.0,  0.0) */  1.0,
 /* pow(2.0,  1.0) */  2.0,
 /* pow(2.0,  2.0) */  4.0,
 /* pow(2.0,  3.0) */  8.0,
 /* pow(2.0,  4.0) */  16.0,
 /* pow(2.0,  5.0) */  32.0,
 /* pow(2.0,  6.0) */  64.0,
 /* pow(2.0,  7.0) */  128.0,
 /* pow(2.0,  8.0) */  256.0,
 /* pow(2.0,  9.0) */  512.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 10.0) */  1024.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 11.0) */  2048.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 12.0) */  4096.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 13.0) */  8192.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 14.0) */  16384.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 15.0) */  32768.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 16.0) */  65536.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 17.0) */  131072.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 18.0) */  262144.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 19.0) */  524288.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 20.0) */  1048576.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 21.0) */  2097152.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 22.0) */  4194304.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 23.0) */  8388608.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 24.0) */  16777216.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 25.0) */  33554432.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 26.0) */  67108864.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 27.0) */  134217728.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 28.0) */  268435456.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 29.0) */  536870912.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 30.0) */  1073741824.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 31.0) */  2147483648.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 32.0) */  4294967296.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 33.0) */  8589934592.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 34.0) */  17179869184.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 35.0) */  34359738368.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 36.0) */  68719476736.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 37.0) */  137438953472.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 38.0) */  274877906944.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 39.0) */  549755813888.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 40.0) */  1099511627776.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 41.0) */  2199023255552.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 42.0) */  4398046511104.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 43.0) */  8796093022208.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 44.0) */  17592186044416.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 45.0) */  35184372088832.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 46.0) */  70368744177664.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 47.0) */  140737488355328.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 48.0) */  281474976710656.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 49.0) */  562949953421312.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 50.0) */  1125899906842624.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 51.0) */  2251799813685248.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 52.0) */  4503599627370496.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 53.0) */  9007199254740992.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 54.0) */  18014398509481984.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 55.0) */  36028797018963968.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 56.0) */  72057594037927936.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 57.0) */  144115188075855872.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 58.0) */  288230376151711744.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 59.0) */  576460752303423488.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 60.0) */  1152921504606846976.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 61.0) */  2305843009213693952.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 62.0) */  4611686018427387904.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 63.0) */  9223372036854775808.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 64.0) */  18446744073709551616.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 65.0) */  36893488147419103232.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 66.0) */  73786976294838206464.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 67.0) */  147573952589676412928.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 68.0) */  295147905179352825856.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 69.0) */  590295810358705651712.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 70.0) */  1180591620717411303424.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 71.0) */  2361183241434822606848.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 72.0) */  4722366482869645213696.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 73.0) */  9444732965739290427392.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 74.0) */  18889465931478580854784.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 75.0) */  37778931862957161709568.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 76.0) */  75557863725914323419136.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 77.0) */  151115727451828646838272.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 78.0) */  302231454903657293676544.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 79.0) */  604462909807314587353088.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 80.0) */  1208925819614629174706176.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 81.0) */  2417851639229258349412352.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 82.0) */  4835703278458516698824704.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 83.0) */  9671406556917033397649408.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 84.0) */  19342813113834066795298816.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 85.0) */  38685626227668133590597632.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 86.0) */  77371252455336267181195264.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 87.0) */  154742504910672534362390528.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 88.0) */  309485009821345068724781056.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 89.0) */  618970019642690137449562112.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 90.0) */  1237940039285380274899124224.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 91.0) */  2475880078570760549798248448.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 92.0) */  4951760157141521099596496896.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 93.0) */  9903520314283042199192993792.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 94.0) */  19807040628566084398385987584.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 95.0) */  39614081257132168796771975168.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 96.0) */  79228162514264337593543950336.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 97.0) */  158456325028528675187087900672.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 98.0) */  316912650057057350374175801344.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 99.0) */  633825300114114700748351602688.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 100.0) */  1267650600228229401496703205376.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 101.0) */  2535301200456458802993406410752.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 102.0) */  5070602400912917605986812821504.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 103.0) */  10141204801825835211973625643008.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 104.0) */  20282409603651670423947251286016.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 105.0) */  40564819207303340847894502572032.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 106.0) */  81129638414606681695789005144064.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 107.0) */  162259276829213363391578010288128.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 108.0) */  324518553658426726783156020576256.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 109.0) */  649037107316853453566312041152512.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 110.0) */  1298074214633706907132624082305024.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 111.0) */  2596148429267413814265248164610048.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 112.0) */  5192296858534827628530496329220096.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 113.0) */  10384593717069655257060992658440192.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 114.0) */  20769187434139310514121985316880384.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 115.0) */  41538374868278621028243970633760768.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 116.0) */  83076749736557242056487941267521536.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 117.0) */  166153499473114484112975882535043072.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 118.0) */  332306998946228968225951765070086144.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 119.0) */  664613997892457936451903530140172288.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 120.0) */  1329227995784915872903807060280344576.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 121.0) */  2658455991569831745807614120560689152.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 122.0) */  5316911983139663491615228241121378304.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 123.0) */  10633823966279326983230456482242756608.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 124.0) */  21267647932558653966460912964485513216.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 125.0) */  42535295865117307932921825928971026432.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 126.0) */  85070591730234615865843651857942052864.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 127.0) */  170141183460469231731687303715884105728.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 128.0) */  340282366920938463463374607431768211456.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 129.0) */  680564733841876926926749214863536422912.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 130.0) */  1361129467683753853853498429727072845824.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 131.0) */  2722258935367507707706996859454145691648.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 132.0) */  5444517870735015415413993718908291383296.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 133.0) */  10889035741470030830827987437816582766592.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 134.0) */  21778071482940061661655974875633165533184.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 135.0) */  43556142965880123323311949751266331066368.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 136.0) */  87112285931760246646623899502532662132736.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 137.0) */  174224571863520493293247799005065324265472.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 138.0) */  348449143727040986586495598010130648530944.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 139.0) */  696898287454081973172991196020261297061888.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 140.0) */  1393796574908163946345982392040522594123776.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 141.0) */  2787593149816327892691964784081045188247552.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 142.0) */  5575186299632655785383929568162090376495104.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 143.0) */  11150372599265311570767859136324180752990208.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 144.0) */  22300745198530623141535718272648361505980416.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 145.0) */  44601490397061246283071436545296723011960832.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 146.0) */  89202980794122492566142873090593446023921664.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 147.0) */  178405961588244985132285746181186892047843328.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 148.0) */  356811923176489970264571492362373784095686656.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 149.0) */  713623846352979940529142984724747568191373312.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 150.0) */  1427247692705959881058285969449495136382746624.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 151.0) */  2854495385411919762116571938898990272765493248.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 152.0) */  5708990770823839524233143877797980545530986496.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 153.0) */  11417981541647679048466287755595961091061972992.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 154.0) */  22835963083295358096932575511191922182123945984.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 155.0) */  45671926166590716193865151022383844364247891968.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 156.0) */  91343852333181432387730302044767688728495783936.0,
 /* pow(2.0, 157.0) */  182687704666362864775460604089535377456991567872.0,
};


const double _pow16tab[71] = {
 /* pow(16.0,  0.0) */  1.0,
 /* pow(16.0,  1.0) */  16.0,
 /* pow(16.0,  2.0) */  256.0,
 /* pow(16.0,  3.0) */  4096.0,
 /* pow(16.0,  4.0) */  65536.0,
 /* pow(16.0,  5.0) */  1048576.0,
 /* pow(16.0,  6.0) */  16777216.0,
 /* pow(16.0,  7.0) */  268435456.0,
 /* pow(16.0,  8.0) */  4294967296.0,
 /* pow(16.0,  9.0) */  68719476736.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 10.0) */  1099511627776.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 11.0) */  17592186044416.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 12.0) */  281474976710656.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 13.0) */  4503599627370496.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 14.0) */  72057594037927936.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 15.0) */  1152921504606846976.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 16.0) */  18446744073709551616.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 17.0) */  295147905179352825856.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 18.0) */  4722366482869645213696.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 19.0) */  75557863725914323419136.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 20.0) */  1208925819614629174706176.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 21.0) */  19342813113834066795298816.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 22.0) */  309485009821345068724781056.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 23.0) */  4951760157141521099596496896.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 24.0) */  79228162514264337593543950336.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 25.0) */  1267650600228229401496703205376.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 26.0) */  20282409603651670423947251286016.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 27.0) */  324518553658426726783156020576256.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 28.0) */  5192296858534827628530496329220096.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 29.0) */  83076749736557242056487941267521536.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 30.0) */  1329227995784915872903807060280344576.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 31.0) */  21267647932558653966460912964485513216.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 32.0) */  340282366920938463463374607431768211456.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 33.0) */  5444517870735015415413993718908291383296.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 34.0) */  87112285931760246646623899502532662132736.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 35.0) */  1393796574908163946345982392040522594123776.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 36.0) */  22300745198530623141535718272648361505980416.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 37.0) */  356811923176489970264571492362373784095686656.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 38.0) */  5708990770823839524233143877797980545530986496.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 39.0) */  91343852333181432387730302044767688728495783936.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 40.0) */  1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 41.0) */  23384026197294446691258957323460528314494920687616.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 42.0) */  374144419156711147060143317175368453031918731001856.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 43.0) */  5986310706507378352962293074805895248510699696029696.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 44.0) */  95780971304118053647396689196894323976171195136475136.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 45.0) */  1532495540865888858358347027150309183618739122183602176.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 46.0) */  24519928653854221733733552434404946937899825954937634816.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 47.0) */  392318858461667547739736838950479151006397215279002157056.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 48.0) */  6277101735386680763835789423207666416102355444464034512896.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 49.0) */  100433627766186892221372630771322662657637687111424552206336.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 50.0) */  1606938044258990275541962092341162602522202993782792835301376.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 51.0) */  25711008708143844408671393477458601640355247900524685364822016.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 52.0) */  411376139330301510538742295639337626245683966408394965837152256.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 53.0) */  6582018229284824168619876730229402019930943462534319453394436096.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 54.0) */  105312291668557186697918027683670432318895095400549111254310977536.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 55.0) */  1684996666696914987166688442938726917102321526408785780068975640576.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 56.0) */  26959946667150639794667015087019630673637144422540572481103610249216.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 57.0) */  431359146674410236714672241392314090778194310760649159697657763987456.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 58.0) */  6901746346790563787434755862277025452451108972170386555162524223799296.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 59.0) */  110427941548649020598956093796432407239217743554726184882600387580788736.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 60.0) */  1766847064778384329583297500742918515827483896875618958121606201292619776.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 61.0) */  28269553036454149273332760011886696253239742350009903329945699220681916416.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 62.0) */  452312848583266388373324160190187140051835877600158453279131187530910662656.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 63.0) */  7237005577332262213973186563042994240829374041602535252466099000494570602496.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 64.0) */  115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457584007913129639936.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 65.0) */  1852673427797059126777135760139006525652319754650249024631321344126610074238976.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 66.0) */  29642774844752946028434172162224104410437116074403984394101141506025761187823616.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 67.0) */  474284397516047136454946754595585670566993857190463750305618264096412179005177856.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 68.0) */  7588550360256754183279148073529370729071901715047420004889892225542594864082845696.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 69.0) */  121416805764108066932466369176469931665150427440758720078238275608681517825325531136.0,
 /* pow(16.0, 70.0) */  1942668892225729070919461906823518906642406839052139521251812409738904285205208498176.0,
};

static int _pow2tab_size = sizeof(_pow2tab)/sizeof(double);

void gen_pow2tab(void)
{
  int jloop;

  for ( jloop = 0; jloop < 158; jloop++ )
    printf(" /* pow(2.0, %2d.0) */  %.1f,\n", jloop,  pow(2.0, (double) jloop));
}


void gen_pow16tab(void)
{
  double pval;
  int iexp;

  for ( iexp = 0; iexp < 71; iexp++ )
    {
      pval = pow(16.0, (double)(iexp));
      printf(" /* pow(16.0, %2d.0) */  %.1f,\n", iexp, pval);
    }
}


double intpow2(int x)
{
  if ( x < _pow2tab_size )
    return (_pow2tab[x]);
  else
    return (pow(2.0, (double) x));
}
/* 
gcc -g -Wall -O3 -march=native -std=c99 -DTEST_MINMAXVAL minmax_val.c
 result on bailung (gcc 4.8.2):
  orig    : fmin: -500000  fmax: 499999  time:   4.82s
  sse2    : fmin: -500000  fmax: 499999  time:   4.83s

gcc -g -Wall -O3 -march=native -std=c99 -DTEST_MINMAXVAL -fopenmp -DOMP_SIMD minmax_val.c
 result on thunder5 (gcc 4.8.2):
  orig    : fmin: -500000  fmax: 499999  time:   3.10s
  simd    : fmin: -500000  fmax: 499999  time:   3.10s # omp simd in gcc 4.9
  avx     : fmin: -500000  fmax: 499999  time:   2.84s

icc -g -Wall -O3 -march=native -std=c99 -vec-report=1 -DTEST_MINMAXVAL -openmp -DOMP_SIMD minmax_val.c
 result on thunder5 (icc 14.0.2):
  orig    : fmin: -500000  fmax: 499999  time:   2.83s
  simd    : fmin: -500000  fmax: 499999  time:   2.83s
  avx     : fmin: -500000  fmax: 499999  time:   2.92s

xlc_r -g -O3 -qhot -q64 -qarch=auto -qtune=auto -qreport -DTEST_MINMAXVAL minmax_val.c
 result on blizzard (xlc 12):
  orig    : fmin: -500000  fmax: 499999  time:   7.26s
  pwr6u6  : fmin: -500000  fmax: 499999  time:   5.92s
*/
#if defined(_ARCH_PWR6)
#pragma options nostrict
#endif

#include <stdlib.h>

//#undef _GET_X86_COUNTER
//#undef _GET_IBM_COUNTER
//#undef _GET_MACH_COUNTER
//#undef _ARCH_PWR6

#if defined(_GET_IBM_COUNTER)
#include <libhpc.h>
#elif defined(_GET_X86_COUNTER)
#include <x86intrin.h>
#elif defined(_GET_MACH_COUNTER)
#include <mach/mach_time.h>
#endif

#if   defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__ICC) && !defined(__clang__)
#if (__GNUC__ >= 4) && (__GNUC_MINOR__ >= 4)
#define GNUC_PUSH_POP
#endif
#endif

#if   defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4)
#elif defined(__ICC)    && (__ICC >= 1100)
#elif defined(__clang__)
#else
#define DISABLE_SIMD
#endif

#if !defined(TEST_MINMAXVAL)
#define DISABLE_SIMD
#endif

#if defined(DISABLE_SIMD)
# if defined(ENABLE_AVX)
#  define _ENABLE_AVX
# endif
# if defined(ENABLE_SSE2)
#  define _ENABLE_SSE2
# endif
#endif

#if !defined(DISABLE_SIMD)
# if defined(__AVX__)
#  define _ENABLE_AVX
# endif
# if defined(__SSE2__)
#  define _ENABLE_SSE2
# endif
#endif

#include <float.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <inttypes.h>

#if defined(_ENABLE_AVX)
#include <immintrin.h>
#elif defined(_ENABLE_SSE2)
#include <emmintrin.h>
#endif


#if defined(_ENABLE_AVX)

static
void avx_minmax_val_double(const double *restrict buf, size_t nframes, double *min, double *max)
{
  double fmin[4], fmax[4];
  __m256d current_max, current_min, work;

  // load max and min values into all four slots of the YMM registers
  current_min = _mm256_set1_pd(*min);
  current_max = _mm256_set1_pd(*max);

  // Work input until "buf" reaches 32 byte alignment
  while ( ((unsigned long)buf) % 32 != 0 && nframes > 0) {

    // Load the next double into the work buffer
    work = _mm256_set1_pd(*buf);
    current_min = _mm256_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm256_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf++;
    nframes--;
  }

  while (nframes >= 16) {

    (void) _mm_prefetch((const char *)(buf+8), _MM_HINT_NTA);

    work = _mm256_load_pd(buf);
    current_min = _mm256_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm256_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf += 4;

    work = _mm256_load_pd(buf);
    current_min = _mm256_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm256_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf += 4;

    (void) _mm_prefetch((const char *)(buf+8), _MM_HINT_NTA);

    work = _mm256_load_pd(buf);
    current_min = _mm256_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm256_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf += 4;

    work = _mm256_load_pd(buf);
    current_min = _mm256_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm256_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf += 4;
    nframes -= 16;
  }

  // work through aligned buffers
  while (nframes >= 4) {
    work = _mm256_load_pd(buf);
    current_min = _mm256_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm256_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf += 4;
    nframes -= 4;
  }

  // work through the remainung values
  while ( nframes > 0) {
    work = _mm256_set1_pd(*buf);
    current_min = _mm256_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm256_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf++;
    nframes--;
  }

  // find min & max value through shuffle tricks

  work = current_min;
  work = _mm256_shuffle_pd(work, work, 5);
  work = _mm256_min_pd (work, current_min);
  current_min = work;
  work = _mm256_permute2f128_pd(work, work, 1);
  work = _mm256_min_pd (work, current_min);
  _mm256_storeu_pd(fmin, work);

  work = current_max;
  work = current_max;
  work = _mm256_shuffle_pd(work, work, 5);
  work = _mm256_max_pd (work, current_max);
  current_max = work;
  work = _mm256_permute2f128_pd(work, work, 1);
  work = _mm256_max_pd (work, current_max);
  _mm256_storeu_pd(fmax, work);

  *min = fmin[0];
  *max = fmax[0];

  return;
}

#elif defined(_ENABLE_SSE2)

static
void sse2_minmax_val_double(const double *restrict buf, size_t nframes, double *min, double *max)
{
  __m128d current_max, current_min, work;
  
  // load starting max and min values into all slots of the XMM registers
  current_min = _mm_set1_pd(*min);
  current_max = _mm_set1_pd(*max);
  
  // work on input until buf reaches 16 byte alignment
  while ( ((unsigned long)buf) % 16 != 0 && nframes > 0) {
    
    // load one double and replicate
    work = _mm_set1_pd(*buf);    
    current_min = _mm_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm_max_pd(current_max, work);    
    buf++;
    nframes--;
  }
  
  while (nframes >= 8) {
    // use 64 byte prefetch for double octetts
    // __builtin_prefetch(buf+64,0,0); // for GCC 4.3.2 +

    work = _mm_load_pd(buf);
    current_min = _mm_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf += 2;
    work = _mm_load_pd(buf);
    current_min = _mm_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf += 2;
    work = _mm_load_pd(buf);
    current_min = _mm_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf += 2;
    work = _mm_load_pd(buf);
    current_min = _mm_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf += 2;
    nframes -= 8;
  }

  // work through smaller chunks of aligned buffers without prefetching
  while (nframes >= 2) {
    work = _mm_load_pd(buf);
    current_min = _mm_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf += 2;
    nframes -= 2;
  }

  // work through the remaining value
  while ( nframes > 0) {
    // load the last double and replicate
    work = _mm_set1_pd(*buf);
    current_min = _mm_min_pd(current_min, work);
    current_max = _mm_max_pd(current_max, work);
    buf++;
    nframes--;
  }

  // find final min and max value through shuffle tricks
  work = current_min;
  work = _mm_shuffle_pd(work, work, _MM_SHUFFLE2(0, 1));
  work = _mm_min_pd (work, current_min);
  _mm_store_sd(min, work);
  work = current_max;
  work = _mm_shuffle_pd(work, work, _MM_SHUFFLE2(0, 1));
  work = _mm_max_pd (work, current_max);
  _mm_store_sd(max, work);

  return;
}

#endif // SIMD

#if defined(_ARCH_PWR6)
static
void pwr6_minmax_val_double_unrolled6(const double *restrict data, long idatasize, double *fmin, double *fmax)
{
#define __UNROLL_DEPTH_1 6
  size_t datasize = idatasize;

  // to allow pipelining we have to unroll 

  {
    size_t i, j;
    size_t residual =  datasize % __UNROLL_DEPTH_1;
    size_t ofs = datasize - residual;
    double register dmin[__UNROLL_DEPTH_1];
    double register dmax[__UNROLL_DEPTH_1];

    for ( j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_1; j++) 
      {
	dmin[j] = data[0];
	dmax[j] = data[0];
      }
    
    for ( i = 0; i < datasize - residual; i += __UNROLL_DEPTH_1 ) 
      {
	for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_1; j++) 
	  {
	    dmin[j] = __fsel(dmin[j] - data[i+j], data[i+j], dmin[j]);
	    dmax[j] = __fsel(data[i+j] - dmax[j], data[i+j], dmax[j]);
	  }
      }

    for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
      {
	dmin[j] = __fsel(dmin[j] - data[ofs+j], data[ofs+j], dmin[j]);
	dmax[j] = __fsel(data[ofs+j] - dmax[j], data[ofs+j], dmax[j]);
      }

    for ( j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_1; j++) 
      {
	*fmin = __fsel(*fmin - dmin[j], dmin[j], *fmin);
	*fmax = __fsel(dmax[j] - *fmax, dmax[j], *fmax);
      }
  }
#undef __UNROLL_DEPTH_1
}
#endif

#if defined(TEST_MINMAXVAL) && defined(__GNUC__)
static
void minmax_val_double_orig(const double *restrict data, long idatasize, double *fmin, double *fmax) __attribute__ ((noinline));
#endif

#if defined(GNUC_PUSH_POP)
#pragma GCC push_options
#pragma GCC optimize ("O3", "fast-math")
#endif
static
void minmax_val_double_orig(const double *restrict data, long idatasize, double *fmin, double *fmax)
{
  size_t i;
  size_t datasize = idatasize;
  double dmin = *fmin, dmax = *fmax;

#if   defined(CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#elif defined(SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#elif defined(__uxp__)
#pragma loop novrec
#elif defined (__ICC)
#pragma ivdep
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < datasize; ++i )
    {
      dmin = dmin < data[i] ? dmin : data[i];
      dmax = dmax > data[i] ? dmax : data[i];
    }

  *fmin = dmin;
  *fmax = dmax;
}

static
void minmax_val_float(const float *restrict data, long idatasize, float *fmin, float *fmax)
{
  size_t i;
  size_t datasize = idatasize;
  float dmin = *fmin, dmax = *fmax;

#if   defined(CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#elif defined(SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#elif defined(__uxp__)
#pragma loop novrec
#elif defined (__ICC)
#pragma ivdep
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < datasize; ++i )
    {
      dmin = dmin < data[i] ? dmin : data[i];
      dmax = dmax > data[i] ? dmax : data[i];
    }

  *fmin = dmin;
  *fmax = dmax;
}
#if defined(GNUC_PUSH_POP)
#pragma GCC pop_options
#endif

// TEST
#if defined(OMP_SIMD)

//#pragma omp declare reduction(xmin : double : omp_out = omp:in > omp_out ? omp_out : omp_in)
// initializer( omp_priv = { largenumber })
//#pragma omp declare reduction(xmax : double : omp_out = omp:in < omp_out ? omp_out : omp_in)
// initializer( omp_priv = { -largenumber })

#if defined(GNUC_PUSH_POP)
#pragma GCC push_options
#pragma GCC optimize ("O3", "fast-math")
#endif
static
void minmax_val_double_simd(const double *restrict data, long idatasize, double *fmin, double *fmax)
{
  size_t i;
  size_t datasize = idatasize;
  double dmin = *fmin, dmax = *fmax;

#if defined(_OPENMP)
  //#pragma omp simd reduction(xmin:dmin) reduction(xmax:dmax)
#pragma omp simd
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < datasize; ++i )
    {
      dmin = dmin < data[i] ? dmin : data[i];
      dmax = dmax > data[i] ? dmax : data[i];
    }

  *fmin = dmin;
  *fmax = dmax;
}
#if defined(GNUC_PUSH_POP)
#pragma GCC pop_options
#endif
#endif

static
void minmax_val_double(const double *restrict data, long idatasize, double *fmin, double *fmax)
{
#if defined(_GET_X86_COUNTER) || defined(_GET_MACH_COUNTER) 
  uint64_t start_minmax, end_minmax;
#endif
  size_t datasize = idatasize;

  if ( idatasize < 1 ) return;

#if defined(_GET_X86_COUNTER) 
  start_minmax = _rdtsc();
#endif
#if defined(_GET_MACH_COUNTER) 
  start_minmax = mach_absolute_time();
#endif

#if defined(_ENABLE_AVX)

  avx_minmax_val_double(data, datasize, fmin, fmax);

#elif defined(_ENABLE_SSE2)

  sse2_minmax_val_double(data, datasize, fmin, fmax);

#else

#if defined(_ARCH_PWR6)
#define __UNROLL_DEPTH_1 6

  // to allow pipelining we have to unroll 

#if defined(_GET_IBM_COUNTER)
  hpmStart(1, "minmax fsel");
#endif

  pwr6_minmax_val_double_unrolled6(data, datasize, fmin, fmax);

#if defined(_GET_IBM_COUNTER) 
  hpmStop(1);
#endif

#undef __UNROLL_DEPTH_1

#else // original loop

#if defined(_GET_IBM_COUNTER) 
  hpmStart(1, "minmax base");
#endif

  minmax_val_double_orig(data, datasize, fmin, fmax);

#if defined(_GET_IBM_COUNTER) 
  hpmStop(1);
#endif

#endif // _ARCH_PWR6 && original loop
#endif // SIMD

#if defined(_GET_X86_COUNTER) || defined(_GET_MACH_COUNTER)
#if defined(_GET_X86_COUNTER) 
  end_minmax = _rdtsc();
#endif
#if defined(_GET_MACH_COUNTER) 
  end_minmax = mach_absolute_time();
#endif
#if defined(_ENABLE_AVX)
  printf("AVX minmax cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n",  end_minmax-start_minmax);
  fprintf (stderr, "AVX min: %lf max: %lf\n", *fmin, *fmax);
#elif defined(_ENABLE_SSE2)
  printf("SSE2 minmax cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_minmax-start_minmax);
  fprintf (stderr, "SSE2 min: %lf max: %lf\n", *fmin, *fmax);
#else
  printf("loop minmax cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_minmax-start_minmax);
  fprintf (stderr, "loop min: %lf max: %lf\n", *fmin, *fmax);
#endif
#endif

  return;
}

#if defined(TEST_MINMAXVAL)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

static
double dtime()
{
  double tseconds = 0.0;
  struct timeval mytime;
  gettimeofday(&mytime, NULL);
  tseconds = (double) (mytime.tv_sec + (double)mytime.tv_usec*1.0e-6);
  return (tseconds);
}

#define NRUN 10000

int main(void)
{
  long datasize = 1000000;
  double t_begin, t_end;

#if   defined(_OPENMP)
  printf("_OPENMP=%d\n", _OPENMP);
#endif

#if   defined(__ICC)
  printf("icc\n");
#elif defined(__clang__)
  printf("clang\n");
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
  printf("gcc\n");
#endif

  {
    float fmin, fmax;
    float *data_sp = (float*) malloc(datasize*sizeof(float));

    for ( long i = 0; i < datasize/2; i++ )        data_sp[i] = (float) (i);
    for ( long i = datasize/2; i < datasize; i++ ) data_sp[i] = (float) (-datasize + i);

    printf("float:\n");

    t_begin = dtime();
    for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
      {
	fmin = fmax = data_sp[0];
	minmax_val_float(data_sp, datasize, &fmin, &fmax);
      }
    t_end = dtime();
    printf("minmax_val: fmin: %ld  fmax: %ld  time: %6.2fs\n", (long)fmin, (long) fmax, t_end-t_begin);
    free(data_sp);
  }

  {
    double fmin, fmax;
    double *data_dp = (double*) malloc(datasize*sizeof(double));

    // for ( long i = datasize-1; i >= 0; i-- ) data[i] = (double) (-datasize/2 + i);
    for ( long i = 0; i < datasize/2; i++ )        data_dp[i] = (double) (i);
    for ( long i = datasize/2; i < datasize; i++ ) data_dp[i] = (double) (-datasize + i);

    printf("double:\n");

    t_begin = dtime();
    for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
      {
	fmin = fmax = data_dp[0];
	minmax_val_double(data_dp, datasize, &fmin, &fmax);
      }
    t_end = dtime();
    printf("minmax_val: fmin: %ld  fmax: %ld  time: %6.2fs\n", (long)fmin, (long) fmax, t_end-t_begin);

    t_begin = dtime();
    for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
      {
	fmin = fmax = data_dp[0];
	minmax_val_double_orig(data_dp, datasize, &fmin, &fmax);
      }
    t_end = dtime();
    printf("orig      : fmin: %ld  fmax: %ld  time: %6.2fs\n", (long)fmin, (long) fmax, t_end-t_begin);

#if defined(OMP_SIMD)
    t_begin = dtime();
    for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
      {
	fmin = fmax = data_dp[0];
	minmax_val_double_simd(data_dp, datasize, &fmin, &fmax);
      }
    t_end = dtime();
    printf("simd      : fmin: %ld  fmax: %ld  time: %6.2fs\n", (long)fmin, (long) fmax, t_end-t_begin);
#endif

#if defined(_ENABLE_AVX)
    t_begin = dtime();
    for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
      {
	fmin = fmax = data_dp[0];
	avx_minmax_double_val(data_dp, datasize, &fmin, &fmax);
      }
    t_end = dtime();
    printf("avx       : fmin: %ld  fmax: %ld  time: %6.2fs\n", (long)fmin, (long) fmax, t_end-t_begin);
#elif defined(_ENABLE_SSE2)
    t_begin = dtime();
    for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
      {
	fmin = fmax = data_dp[0];
	sse2_minmax_val_double(data_dp, datasize, &fmin, &fmax);
      }
    t_end = dtime();
    printf("sse2      : fmin: %ld  fmax: %ld  time: %6.2fs\n", (long)fmin, (long) fmax, t_end-t_begin);
#endif
#if defined(_ARCH_PWR6)
    t_begin = dtime();
    for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
      {
	fmin = fmax = data_dp[0];
	pwr6_minmax_val_double_unrolled6(data_dp, datasize, &fmin, &fmax);
      }
    t_end = dtime();
    printf("pwr6u6  : fmin: %ld  fmax: %ld  time: %6.2fs\n", (long)fmin, (long) fmax, t_end-t_begin);
#endif
    free(data_dp);
  }

  return (0);
}
#endif // TEST_MINMAXVAL

#undef DISABLE_SIMD
#undef _ENABLE_AVX
#undef _ENABLE_SSE2
#undef GNUC_PUSH_POP
/* 
gcc -g -Wall -O3 -march=native -std=c99 -DTEST_ENCODE encode_array.c
 result on hama (gcc 4.8.2):
  orig    : val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time: 16.0471s
  sse41   : val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time: 15.4391s

gcc -g -Wall -O3 -march=native -std=c99 -DTEST_ENCODE encode_array.c
 result on bailung (gcc 4.7):
  orig    : val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time: 8.4166s
  sse41   : val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time: 7.1522s

gcc -g -Wall -O3 -march=native -std=c99 -DTEST_ENCODE encode_array.c
 result on thunder5 (gcc 4.7):
  orig    : val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time: 6.21976s
  avx     : val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time: 4.54485s

icc -g -Wall -O3 -march=native -std=c99 -vec-report=1 -DTEST_ENCODE encode_array.c
 result on thunder5 (icc 13.2):
  orig    : val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time: 14.6279s
  avx     : val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time:  4.9776s

xlc_r -g -O3 -qhot -q64 -qarch=auto -qtune=auto -qreport -DTEST_ENCODE encode_array.c
 result on blizzard (xlc 12):
  orig    : val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time: 132.25s
  unrolled: val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time:  27.202s
  orig    : val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time: 106.627s  // without -qhot
  unrolled: val1: 1  val2: 1  val3: 2  valn: 66  time:  39.929s  // without -qhot
*/
#ifdef _ARCH_PWR6
#pragma options nostrict
#endif

#ifdef TEST_ENCODE
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define  GRIBPACK     unsigned char
#define  IS_BIGENDIAN()  (u_byteorder.c[sizeof(long) - 1])
#define  U_BYTEORDER     static union {unsigned long l; unsigned char c[sizeof(long)];} u_byteorder = {1}
#define  Error(x,y)
#endif

//#undef _GET_X86_COUNTER
//#undef _GET_MACH_COUNTER
//#undef _GET_IBM_COUNTER
//#undef _ARCH_PWR6

#if defined _GET_IBM_COUNTER
#include <libhpc.h>
#elif defined _GET_X86_COUNTER
#include <x86intrin.h>
#elif defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER
#include <mach/mach_time.h>
#endif

#include <stdint.h>

#if   defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4)
#elif defined(__ICC)    && (__ICC >= 1100)
#elif defined(__clang__)
#else
#define DISABLE_SIMD
#endif

//#define DISABLE_SIMD

#ifdef DISABLE_SIMD
# ifdef ENABLE_AVX
#  define _ENABLE_AVX
# endif
# ifdef ENABLE_SSE4_1
#  define _ENABLE_SSE4_1
# endif
#endif

#ifndef DISABLE_SIMD
# ifdef __AVX__
#  define _ENABLE_AVX
# endif
# ifdef __SSE4_1__
#  define _ENABLE_SSE4_1
# endif
#endif

#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
#include <immintrin.h>
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
#include <smmintrin.h>
#endif

#if defined _ENABLE_AVX

static
void avx_encode_array_2byte_double(size_t datasize, 
				   unsigned char * restrict lGrib,
				   const double * restrict data, 
				   double zref, double factor, size_t *gz) 
{
  size_t i, j, residual;
  const double *dval = data;
  __m128i *sgrib = (__m128i *) (lGrib+(*gz));

  const __m128i swap = _mm_set_epi8(14, 15, 12, 13, 10, 11, 8, 9, 6, 7, 4, 5, 2, 3, 0, 1);

  const __m256d c0 = _mm256_set1_pd(zref);
  const __m256d c1 = _mm256_set1_pd(factor);
  const __m256d c2 = _mm256_set1_pd(0.5);
  
  __m256d d0, d3, d2, d1;
  __m128i i0, i1, i2, i3;
  __m128i s0, s1;  

  residual = datasize % 16;

  for (i = 0; i < (datasize-residual); i += 16)
    {
      (void) _mm_prefetch(dval+8, _MM_HINT_NTA);
      //_____________________________________________________________________________

      d0 = _mm256_loadu_pd (dval);
      d0 = _mm256_sub_pd (d0, c0);
      d0 = _mm256_mul_pd (d0, c1);
      d0 = _mm256_add_pd (d0, c2);

      i0 = _mm256_cvttpd_epi32 (d0);
      
      //_____________________________________________________________________________
      
      d1 = _mm256_loadu_pd (dval+4);
      d1 = _mm256_sub_pd (d1, c0);
      d1 = _mm256_mul_pd (d1, c1);
      d1 = _mm256_add_pd (d1, c2);
      
      i1 = _mm256_cvttpd_epi32 (d1);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________

      s0 = _mm_packus_epi32(i0, i1);
      s0 = _mm_shuffle_epi8 (s0, swap);
      (void) _mm_storeu_si128 (sgrib, s0);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________

      (void) _mm_prefetch(dval+16, _MM_HINT_NTA);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________
      
      d2 = _mm256_loadu_pd (dval+8);
      d2 = _mm256_sub_pd (d2, c0);
      d2 = _mm256_mul_pd (d2, c1);
      d2 = _mm256_add_pd (d2, c2);
      
      i2 = _mm256_cvttpd_epi32 (d2);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________
      
      d3 = _mm256_loadu_pd (dval+12);
      d3 = _mm256_sub_pd (d3, c0);
      d3 = _mm256_mul_pd (d3, c1);
      d3 = _mm256_add_pd (d3, c2);
      
      i3 = _mm256_cvttpd_epi32 (d3);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________

      s1 = _mm_packus_epi32(i2, i3);
      s1 = _mm_shuffle_epi8 (s1, swap);
      (void) _mm_storeu_si128 (sgrib+1, s1);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________
           
      dval += 16;
      sgrib += 2;
    }

  if (i != datasize)
    {
      uint16_t ui16;
      for ( j = i; j < datasize; j++ )
	{
	  ui16 = (uint16_t) ((data[j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	  lGrib[*gz+2*j  ] = ui16 >>  8;
	  lGrib[*gz+2*j+1] = ui16;
	}
    }
  
  *gz += 2*datasize;

  return;
}

#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1

static
void sse41_encode_array_2byte_double(size_t datasize, 
				     unsigned char * restrict lGrib,
				     const double * restrict data, 
				     double zref, double factor, size_t *gz) 
{
  size_t i, j, residual;
  const double *dval = data;
  __m128i *sgrib = (__m128i *) (lGrib+(*gz));

  const __m128i swap = _mm_set_epi8(14, 15, 12, 13, 10, 11, 8, 9, 6, 7, 4, 5, 2, 3, 0, 1);

  const __m128d c0 = _mm_set1_pd(zref);
  const __m128d c1 = _mm_set1_pd(factor);
  const __m128d c2 = _mm_set1_pd(0.5);
  
  __m128d d0, d4, d3, d2, d1;
  __m128i i0, i1, i2, i3, i4;
  __m128i s0, s1;  

  residual = datasize % 16;

  for (i = 0; i < (datasize-residual); i += 16)
    {
      (void) _mm_prefetch((const char*)(dval+8), _MM_HINT_NTA);
      //_____________________________________________________________________________

      d0 = _mm_loadu_pd (dval);
      d0 = _mm_sub_pd (d0, c0);
      d0 = _mm_mul_pd (d0, c1);
      d0 = _mm_add_pd (d0, c2);
      
      d4 = _mm_loadu_pd (dval+2);
      d4 = _mm_sub_pd (d4, c0);
      d4 = _mm_mul_pd (d4, c1);
      d4 = _mm_add_pd (d4, c2);

      i0 = _mm_cvttpd_epi32 (d0);
      i4 = _mm_cvttpd_epi32 (d4);  
      i0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi64 (i0, i4);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________
      
      d1 = _mm_loadu_pd (dval+4);
      d1 = _mm_sub_pd (d1, c0);
      d1 = _mm_mul_pd (d1, c1);
      d1 = _mm_add_pd (d1, c2);
      
      d4 = _mm_loadu_pd (dval+6);
      d4 = _mm_sub_pd (d4, c0);
      d4 = _mm_mul_pd (d4, c1);
      d4 = _mm_add_pd (d4, c2);
      
      i1 = _mm_cvttpd_epi32 (d1);
      i4 = _mm_cvttpd_epi32 (d4);  
      i1 = _mm_unpacklo_epi64 (i1, i4);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________

      s0 = _mm_packus_epi32(i0, i1);
      s0 = _mm_shuffle_epi8 (s0, swap);
      (void) _mm_storeu_si128 (sgrib, s0);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________

      (void) _mm_prefetch((const char*)(dval+16), _MM_HINT_NTA);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________
      
      d2 = _mm_loadu_pd (dval+8);
      d2 = _mm_sub_pd (d2, c0);
      d2 = _mm_mul_pd (d2, c1);
      d2 = _mm_add_pd (d2, c2);
      
      d4 = _mm_loadu_pd (dval+10);
      d4 = _mm_sub_pd (d4, c0);
      d4 = _mm_mul_pd (d4, c1);
      d4 = _mm_add_pd (d4, c2);
      
      i2 = _mm_cvttpd_epi32 (d2);
      i4  = _mm_cvttpd_epi32 (d4);  
      i2 = _mm_unpacklo_epi64 (i2, i4);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________
      
      d3 = _mm_loadu_pd (dval+12);
      d3 = _mm_sub_pd (d3, c0);
      d3 = _mm_mul_pd (d3, c1);
      d3 = _mm_add_pd (d3, c2);
      
      d4 = _mm_loadu_pd (dval+14);
      d4 = _mm_sub_pd (d4, c0);
      d4 = _mm_mul_pd (d4, c1);
      d4 = _mm_add_pd (d4, c2);
      
      i3 = _mm_cvttpd_epi32 (d3);
      i4 = _mm_cvttpd_epi32 (d4);  
      i3 = _mm_unpacklo_epi64 (i3, i4);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________

      s1 = _mm_packus_epi32(i2, i3);
      s1 = _mm_shuffle_epi8 (s1, swap);
      (void) _mm_storeu_si128 (sgrib+1, s1);

      //_____________________________________________________________________________
           
      dval += 16;
      sgrib += 2;
    }

  if (i != datasize) 
    {
      uint16_t ui16;
      for ( j = i; j < datasize; j++ )
	{
	  ui16 = (uint16_t) ((data[j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	  lGrib[*gz+2*j  ] = ui16 >>  8;
	  lGrib[*gz+2*j+1] = ui16;
	}
    }

  *gz += 2*datasize;
  
  return;
}

#endif // SIMD variants


#ifdef TEST_ENCODE

#define CAT(X,Y)      X##_##Y
#define TEMPLATE(X,Y) CAT(X,Y)

#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T double

#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T float


#include <sys/time.h>

static
double dtime()
{
  double tseconds = 0.0;
  struct timeval mytime;
  gettimeofday(&mytime, NULL);
  tseconds = (double) (mytime.tv_sec + (double)mytime.tv_usec*1.0e-6);
  return (tseconds);
}

#define NRUN 10000

static
void pout(char *name, int s, unsigned char *lgrib, long datasize, double tt)
{
  printf("%8s: val1: %d  val2: %d  val3: %d  valn: %d  time: %gs\n", name, (int) lgrib[s*1+1], (int) lgrib[s*2+1], (int) lgrib[s*3+1], (int) lgrib[2*datasize-1], tt);
}

int main(void)
{
  long datasize = 1000000;
  float *dataf = NULL;
  double *data = NULL;
  double t_begin, t_end;
  unsigned char *lgrib;

  dataf = (float*) malloc(datasize*sizeof(float));
  data  = (double*) malloc(datasize*sizeof(double));
  lgrib = (unsigned char*) malloc(2*datasize*sizeof(unsigned char));

  for ( long i = 0; i < datasize; ++i ) dataf[i] = (float) (-datasize/2 + i);
  for ( long i = 0; i < datasize; ++i ) data[i] = (double) (-datasize/2 + i);

  int PackStart = 0;
  int nbpv = 16;
  double zref = data[0];
  size_t z;
  double factor = 0.00390625;
  int s = 256;

  if ( 0 )
    {
      encode_array_float(0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, NULL);
      encode_array_double(0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, NULL);
    }


#if   defined(__ICC)
  printf("icc\n");
#elif defined(__clang__)
  printf("clang\n");
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
  printf("gcc\n");
#endif

  printf("float:\n");

  t_begin = dtime();
  for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
    {
      z = 0;
      encode_array_2byte_float(datasize, lgrib, dataf, (float)zref, (float)factor, &z);
    }
  t_end = dtime();
  pout("orig", s, lgrib, datasize, t_end-t_begin);

  t_begin = dtime();
  for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
    {
      z = 0;
      encode_array_unrolled_float(nbpv, PackStart, datasize, lgrib, dataf, (float)zref, (float)factor, &z);
    }
  t_end = dtime();
  pout("unrolled", s, lgrib, datasize, t_end-t_begin);

  printf("double:\n");

  t_begin = dtime();
  for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
    {
      z = 0;
      encode_array_2byte_double(datasize, lgrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
    }
  t_end = dtime();
  pout("orig", s, lgrib, datasize, t_end-t_begin);

  t_begin = dtime();
  for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
    {
      z = 0;
      encode_array_unrolled_double(nbpv, PackStart, datasize, lgrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
    }
  t_end = dtime();
  pout("unrolled", s, lgrib, datasize, t_end-t_begin);

#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
  t_begin = dtime();
  for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
    {
      z = 0;
      avx_encode_array_2byte_double(datasize, lgrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
    }
  t_end = dtime();
  pout("avx", s, lgrib, datasize, t_end-t_begin);
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
  t_begin = dtime();
  for ( int i = 0; i < NRUN; ++i )
    {
      z = 0;
      sse41_encode_array_2byte_double(datasize, lgrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
    }
  t_end = dtime();
  pout("sse41", s, lgrib, datasize, t_end-t_begin);
#endif

  return 0;
}
#endif // TEST_ENCODE

#undef DISABLE_SIMD
#undef _ENABLE_AVX
#undef _ENABLE_SSE4_1
//#undef _GET_X86_COUNTER
//#undef _GET_MACH_COUNTER
//#undef _GET_IBM_COUNTER
//#undef _ARCH_PWR6

#if defined _GET_IBM_COUNTER
#include <libhpc.h>
#elif defined _GET_X86_COUNTER
#include <x86intrin.h>
#elif defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER
#include <mach/mach_time.h>
#endif

#define __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS
#include <inttypes.h>

#if   defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4)
#elif defined(__ICC)    && (__ICC >= 1100)
#elif defined(__clang__)
#else
#define DISABLE_SIMD
#endif

#define DISABLE_SIMD

#ifdef DISABLE_SIMD
# ifdef ENABLE_AVX
#  define _ENABLE_AVX
# endif
# ifdef ENABLE_SSE4_1
#  define _ENABLE_SSE4_1
# endif
#endif

#ifndef DISABLE_SIMD
# ifdef __AVX__
#  define _ENABLE_AVX
# endif
# ifdef __SSE4_1__
#  define _ENABLE_SSE4_1
# endif
#endif

#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
#include <immintrin.h>
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
#include <smmintrin.h>
#endif

#if defined _ENABLE_AVX

static
void avx_decode_array_2byte_double(size_t datasize, const unsigned char * restrict igrib,
				     double * restrict fpdata, double fmin, double zscale)
{
  size_t i, j;
  size_t nframes = datasize;
  size_t residual;
  size_t ofs;

  double dval;

  double *data = fpdata;
  __m128i *sgrib;
  
  __m128i mask = _mm_set_epi8(14, 15, 12, 13, 10, 11, 8, 9, 6, 7, 4, 5, 2, 3, 0, 1);

  __m256d ymm0 = _mm256_set1_pd(fmin);
  __m256d ymm1 = _mm256_set1_pd(zscale);
  
  __m128i xmm0, xmm1, xmm2, xmm3;
  __m256d ymm2, ymm3;

  i = -1;
  while ( ((unsigned long) data) % 32 != 0 && datasize > 0)
    {
      i++;
      dval = (((int)igrib[2*i] <<  8) | (int)igrib[2*i+1]);
      fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      data++;
      nframes--;
    }
  
  if (i == -1) i = 0;
  sgrib = (__m128i *) (igrib+i);

  while (nframes >= 16)
    { 
      xmm0 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *) sgrib);
      xmm0 = _mm_shuffle_epi8(xmm0, mask);
      xmm1 = _mm_shuffle_epi32(xmm0, _MM_SHUFFLE(1, 0, 3, 2));
      xmm2 = _mm_cvtepu16_epi32(xmm0);
      xmm3 = _mm_cvtepu16_epi32(xmm1);

      ymm2 = _mm256_cvtepi32_pd(xmm2);
      ymm2 = _mm256_add_pd(_mm256_mul_pd(ymm2, ymm1), ymm0);
      (void) _mm256_stream_pd(data, ymm2);
      ymm3 = _mm256_cvtepi32_pd(xmm3);
      ymm3 = _mm256_add_pd(_mm256_mul_pd(ymm3, ymm1), ymm0);
      (void) _mm256_stream_pd(data+4, ymm3);  
      
      xmm0 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *) sgrib + 1);
      xmm0 = _mm_shuffle_epi8(xmm0, mask);
      xmm1 = _mm_shuffle_epi32(xmm0, _MM_SHUFFLE(1, 0, 3, 2));
      xmm2 = _mm_cvtepu16_epi32(xmm0);
      xmm3 = _mm_cvtepu16_epi32(xmm1);
      
      ymm2 = _mm256_cvtepi32_pd(xmm2);
      ymm2 = _mm256_add_pd(_mm256_mul_pd(ymm2, ymm1), ymm0);
      (void) _mm256_stream_pd(data+8, ymm2);
      ymm3 = _mm256_cvtepi32_pd(xmm3);
      ymm3 = _mm256_add_pd(_mm256_mul_pd(ymm3, ymm1), ymm0);
      (void) _mm256_stream_pd(data+12, ymm3);  
      
      data += 16;
      sgrib += 2;
      nframes -= 16;
    }

  residual = nframes;
  ofs = datasize - residual;
  for ( j = 0; j < residual; j++ )
    {
      dval = (((int)igrib[2*(ofs+j)] <<  8) | (int)igrib[2*(ofs+j)+1]);
      fpdata[ofs+j] = fmin + zscale * dval;
    }

  return;
}

#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1

static
void sse41_decode_array_2byte_double(size_t datasize, const unsigned char * restrict igrib,
				     double * restrict fpdata, double fmin, double zscale)
{
  size_t i, j;
  size_t nframes = datasize;
  size_t residual;
  size_t ofs;

  double dval;

  double *data = fpdata;
  __m128i *sgrib;
  
  __m128i mask = _mm_set_epi8(14, 15, 12, 13, 10, 11, 8, 9, 6, 7, 4, 5, 2, 3, 0, 1);
  __m128d dmm8 = _mm_set1_pd(fmin);
  __m128d dmm9 = _mm_set1_pd(zscale);
  
  __m128i xmm4, xmm5;
  __m128i xmm6, xmm7;
  
  __m128d dmm0, dmm1, dmm2, dmm3;
  __m128d dmm4, dmm5, dmm6, dmm7;

  i = -1;
  while ( ((unsigned long) data) % 32 != 0 && datasize > 0)
    {
      i++;
      dval = (((int)igrib[2*i] <<  8) | (int)igrib[2*i+1]);
      fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      data++;
      nframes--;
    }
  
  if (i == -1) i = 0;
  sgrib = (__m128i *) (igrib+i);
  
  while (nframes >= 16)
    {
      xmm5 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *) sgrib);
      xmm5 = _mm_shuffle_epi8(xmm5, mask);
      xmm4 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm5, 8);
      xmm6 = _mm_cvtepu16_epi32(xmm5);
      dmm0 = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm6);
      dmm0 = _mm_add_pd(_mm_mul_pd(dmm0, dmm9), dmm8);
      (void) _mm_stream_pd(data, dmm0);
      xmm7 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm6, 8);
      dmm1 = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm7);
      dmm1 = _mm_add_pd(_mm_mul_pd(dmm1, dmm9), dmm8);
      (void) _mm_stream_pd(data+2, dmm1);
      xmm6 = _mm_cvtepu16_epi32(xmm4);
      dmm2 = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm6);
      dmm2 = _mm_add_pd(_mm_mul_pd(dmm2, dmm9), dmm8);
      (void) _mm_stream_pd(data+4, dmm2);
      xmm7 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm6, 8);
      dmm3 = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm7);
      dmm3 = _mm_add_pd(_mm_mul_pd(dmm3, dmm9), dmm8);
      (void) _mm_stream_pd(data+6, dmm3);
      
      xmm5 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *) sgrib+1);
      xmm5 = _mm_shuffle_epi8(xmm5, mask);
      xmm4 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm5, 8);
      xmm6 = _mm_cvtepu16_epi32(xmm5);
      dmm4 = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm6);
      dmm4 = _mm_add_pd(_mm_mul_pd(dmm4, dmm9), dmm8);
      (void) _mm_stream_pd(data+8, dmm4);
      xmm7 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm6, 8);
      dmm5 = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm7);
      dmm5 = _mm_add_pd(_mm_mul_pd(dmm5, dmm9), dmm8);
      (void) _mm_stream_pd(data+10, dmm5);
      xmm6 = _mm_cvtepu16_epi32(xmm4);
      dmm6 = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm6);
      dmm6 = _mm_add_pd(_mm_mul_pd(dmm6, dmm9), dmm8);
      (void) _mm_stream_pd(data+12, dmm6);
      xmm7 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm6, 8);
      dmm7 = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm7);
      dmm7 = _mm_add_pd(_mm_mul_pd(dmm7, dmm9), dmm8);
      (void) _mm_stream_pd(data+14, dmm7);

      data += 16;
      sgrib += 2;
      nframes -= 16;
    }

  residual = nframes;
  ofs = datasize - residual;
  for ( j = 0; j < residual; j++ )
    {
      dval = (((int)igrib[2*(ofs+j)] <<  8) | (int)igrib[2*(ofs+j)+1]);
      fpdata[ofs+j] = fmin + zscale * dval;
    }

  return;
}

#endif

#undef DISABLE_SIMD
#undef _ENABLE_AVX
#undef _ENABLE_SSE4_1


void confp3(double pval, int *kexp, int *kmant, int kbits, int kround)
{
  /*

    Purpose:
    --------

    Convert floating point number from machine
    representation to GRIB representation.

    Input Parameters:
    -----------------

       pval    - Floating point number to be converted.
       kbits   - Number of bits in computer word.
       kround  - Conversion type.
                 0 , Closest number in GRIB format less than
                     original number.
                 1 , Closest number in GRIB format to the
                     original number (equal to, greater than or
                     less than original number).

    Output Parameters:
    ------------------

       kexp    - 8 Bit signed exponent.
       kmant   - 24 Bit mantissa.

    Method:
    -------

    Floating point number represented as 8 bit signed
    exponent and 24 bit mantissa in integer values.

    Externals.
    ----------

    decfp2    - Decode from IBM floating point format.

    Reference:
    ----------

    WMO Manual on Codes re GRIB representation.

    Comments:
    ---------

    Routine aborts if an invalid conversion type parameter
    is used or if a 24 bit mantissa is not produced.

    Author:
    -------
     
    John Hennessy   ECMWF   18.06.91

    Modifications:
    --------------

    Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

    Convert to C from EMOS library version 130

    Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   02/08/2002

     - speed up by factor 1.6 on NEC SX6
        - replace 1.0 / pow(16.0, (double)(iexp - 70)) by rpow16m70tab[iexp]
  */

  double rpowref;
  double zref, zeps;
  int iexp, isign;
  int iround;
  // extern int CGRIBEX_Debug;
  extern const double _pow16tab[71];

  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*   Section 1 . Initialise                                          */
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

  /*  Check conversion type parameter. */

  iround = kround;
  if ( iround != 0 && iround != 1 )
    {
      Error("Invalid conversion type = %d", iround);

      /*  If not aborting, arbitrarily set rounding to 'up'. */
     iround = 1;
    }

  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*   Section 2 . Convert value of zero.                              */
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

  if ( ! (fabs(pval) > 0))
    {
      *kexp  = 0;
      *kmant = 0;
      iexp   = 0;
      isign  = 0;
      goto LABEL900;
    }

  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*   Section 3 . Convert other values.                               */
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

  zeps = 1.0e-12;
  if ( kbits == 32 ) zeps = 1.0e-8;
  zref = pval;

  /*  Sign of value. */

  isign = 0;
  if ( zref < 0.0 )
    {
      isign = 128;
      zref  = - zref;
    }

  /*  Exponent. */

  iexp = (int) (log(zref)/log(16.0) + 65.0 + zeps);

  /* only ANSI C99 has log2 */
  /* iexp = (int) (log2(zref) * 0.25 + 65.0 + zeps); */

  if ( iexp < 0   ) iexp = 0;
  if ( iexp > 127 ) iexp = 127;

  /*
  rpowref = zref / pow(16.0, (double)(iexp - 70));
  */

  if ( (iexp - 70) < 0 )
    rpowref = zref * _pow16tab[-(iexp - 70)];
  else
    rpowref = zref / _pow16tab[(iexp - 70)];

  /*  Mantissa. */

  if ( iround == 0 )
    {
      /*  Closest number in GRIB format less than original number. */
      /*  Truncate for positive numbers. */
      /*  Round up for negative numbers. */

      if ( isign == 0 )
	*kmant = (int) rpowref;
      else
	*kmant = lround(rpowref + 0.5);
    }
  else
    {
      /*  Closest number in GRIB format to the original number   */
      /*  (equal to, greater than or less than original number). */

      *kmant = lround(rpowref);
    }

  /*  Check that mantissa value does not exceed 24 bits. */
  /*  If it does, adjust the exponent upwards and recalculate */
  /*  the mantissa. */
  /*  16777215 = 2**24 - 1 */

  if ( *kmant > 16777215 )
    {

    LABEL350:

      ++iexp;

      /*  Check for exponent overflow during adjustment  */

      if ( iexp > 127 )
	{
          Message("Exponent overflow");
          Message("Original number = %30.20f", pval);
          Message("Sign = %3d, Exponent = %3d, Mantissa = %12d",
		  isign, iexp, *kmant);

	  Error("Exponent overflow");

	  /*  If not aborting, arbitrarily set value to zero  */

          Message("Value arbitrarily set to zero.");
          *kexp  = 0;
          *kmant = 0;
          iexp  = 0;
          isign = 0;
          goto LABEL900;
	}

      if ( (iexp - 70) < 0 )
	rpowref = zref * _pow16tab[-(iexp - 70)];
      else
	rpowref = zref / _pow16tab[(iexp - 70)];

      if ( iround == 0 )
	{
	  /*  Closest number in GRIB format less than original number. */
	  /*  Truncate for positive numbers. */
	  /*  Round up for negative numbers. */

	  if ( isign == 0 )
	    *kmant = (int) rpowref;
	  else
	    *kmant = lround(rpowref + 0.5);
	}
      else
	{
	  /*  Closest number in GRIB format to the original number */
	  /*  (equal to, greater or less than original number). */

	  *kmant = lround(rpowref);
	}

      /*  Repeat calculation (with modified exponent) if still have */
      /*  mantissa overflow. */

      if ( *kmant > 16777215 ) goto LABEL350;
    }

  /*  Add sign bit to exponent. */

  *kexp = iexp + isign;

  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*   Section 9. Return                                               */
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

LABEL900:
  /*
  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
    {
      double zval;

      Message("Conversion type parameter = %4d", kround);
      Message("Original number = %30.20f", pval);

      zval = decfp2(*kexp, *kmant);

      Message("Converted to      %30.20f", zval);
      Message("Sign = %3d, Exponent = %3d, Mantissa = %12d", isign, iexp, *kmant);
    }
  */
  return;
} /* confp3 */


double decfp2(int kexp, int kmant)
{
  /*

    Purpose:
    --------

    Convert GRIB representation of a floating point
    number to machine representation.

    Input Parameters:
    -----------------

    kexp    - 8 Bit signed exponent.
    kmant   - 24 Bit mantissa.

    Output Parameters:
    ------------------

    Return value   - Floating point number represented
                     by kexp and kmant.

    Method:
    -------

    Floating point number represented as 8 bit exponent
    and 24 bit mantissa in integer values converted to
    machine floating point format.

    Externals:
    ----------

    None.

    Reference:
    ----------

    WMO Manual on Codes re GRIB representation.

    Comments:
    ---------

    Rewritten from DECFP, to conform to programming standards.
    Sign bit on 0 value now ignored, if present.
    If using 32 bit reals, check power of 16 is not so small as to
    cause overflows (underflows!); this causes warning to be given
    on Fujitsus.

    Author:
    -------

    John Hennessy   ECMWF   18.06.91

    Modifications:
    --------------

    Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

     - Convert to C from EMOS library version 130
     
    Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   02/08/2002

     - speed up by factor 2 on NEC SX6
        - replace pow(2.0, -24.0) by constant POW_2_M24
        - replace pow(16.0, (double)(iexp - 64)) by pow16m64tab[iexp]
  */

  double pval;
  int iexp, isign;
  //extern int CGRIBEX_Debug;
  extern const double _pow16tab[71];
  
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*   Section 1 . Convert value of 0.0. Ignore sign bit.              */
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

  //if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("KEXP = %d  KMANT = %d", kexp, kmant);
  /*
  if ( (kexp == 128 || kexp == 0) && kmant == 0 )
  */
  if ( (kexp == 128) || (kexp == 0) || (kexp == 255) )
    {
      pval = 0.0;
      goto LABEL900;
    }

  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*   Section 2 . Convert other values.                               */
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

  /*  Sign of value. */

  iexp  = kexp;
  isign = 1;

  if ( iexp >= 128 )
    {
      iexp -= 128;
      isign = -1;
    }

  /*  Decode value. */

  /* pval = isign * pow(2.0, -24.0) * kmant * pow(16.0, (double)(iexp - 64)); */

  iexp -= 64;

  if ( iexp < 0 )
    pval = 1./_pow16tab[-iexp];
  else
    pval = _pow16tab[iexp];

  pval *= isign * POW_2_M24 * kmant;

  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*   Section 9. Return to calling routine.                           */
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

LABEL900:

  //if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("Returned value = %f", pval);

  return (pval);
} /* decfp2 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>



int gribRefDate(int *isec1)
{
  int date, ryear, rmonth, rday;
  int century;

  century = ISEC1_Century;
  if ( century < 0 ) century = -century;
  century -= 1;

  ryear   = ISEC1_Year;

  /* if ( century != 0 ) */
    {
      if ( ryear == 100 )
	{
	  ryear = 0;
	  century += 1;
	}

      if ( ryear != 255 )
	{
	  ryear = century*100 + ryear;
	  if ( ISEC1_Century < 0 ) ryear = -ryear;
	}
      else
	ryear = 1;
    }

  rmonth  = ISEC1_Month;
  rday    = ISEC1_Day;

  date = cdiEncodeDate(ryear, rmonth, rday);

  return (date) ;
}


int gribRefTime(int *isec1)
{
  int time, rhour, rminute;

  rhour   = ISEC1_Hour;
  rminute = ISEC1_Minute;

  time = cdiEncodeTime(rhour, rminute, 0);

  return (time) ;
}


int gribTimeIsFC(int *isec1)
{
  int isFC = FALSE;
  int time_period;

  if ( ISEC1_TimeRange == 10 )
    time_period = (ISEC1_TimePeriod1<<8) + ISEC1_TimePeriod2;
  else
    time_period = ISEC1_TimePeriod1;

  if ( time_period > 0 && ISEC1_Day > 0 )
    {
      if ( ISEC1_TimeRange == 0 || ISEC1_TimeRange == 10 ) isFC = TRUE;
    }

  return (isFC);
}


void gribDateTime(int *isec1, int *date, int *time)
{
  static int lprint = TRUE;
  int ryear, rmonth, rday, rhour, rminute, second;
  int julday, secofday;
  int64_t addsec = 0;
  int64_t time_period = 0;
  int century;
  extern int grib_calendar;

  century = ISEC1_Century;
  if ( century < 0 ) century = -century;
  century -= 1;

  ryear   = ISEC1_Year;

  /* if ( century != 0 ) */
    {
      if ( ryear == 100 )
	{
	  ryear = 0;
	  century += 1;
	}

      if ( ryear != 255 )
	{
	  ryear = century*100 + ryear;
	  if ( ISEC1_Century < 0 ) ryear = -ryear;
	}
      else
	ryear = 1;
    }

  rmonth  = ISEC1_Month;
  rday    = ISEC1_Day;

  rhour   = ISEC1_Hour;
  rminute = ISEC1_Minute;
  second  = 0;

  /* printf("ref %d/%d/%d %d:%d\n", ryear, rmonth, rday, rhour, rminute); */

  if ( ISEC1_TimeRange == 10 )
    time_period = (ISEC1_TimePeriod1<<8) + ISEC1_TimePeriod2;
  else if ( ISEC1_TimeRange >=2 && ISEC1_TimeRange <= 5 )
    time_period = ISEC1_TimePeriod2;
  else if ( ISEC1_TimeRange == 0 )
    time_period = ISEC1_TimePeriod1;

  if ( time_period > 0 && rday > 0 )
    {
      encode_caldaysec(grib_calendar, ryear, rmonth, rday, rhour, rminute, second, &julday, &secofday);

      addsec = 0;
      switch ( ISEC1_TimeUnit )
	{
	case ISEC1_TABLE4_MINUTE:    addsec =    60 * time_period; break;
	case ISEC1_TABLE4_QUARTER:   addsec =   900 * time_period; break;
	case ISEC1_TABLE4_30MINUTES: addsec =  1800 * time_period; break;
	case ISEC1_TABLE4_HOUR:      addsec =  3600 * time_period; break;
	case ISEC1_TABLE4_3HOURS:    addsec = 10800 * time_period; break;
	case ISEC1_TABLE4_6HOURS:    addsec = 21600 * time_period; break;
	case ISEC1_TABLE4_12HOURS:   addsec = 43200 * time_period; break;
	case ISEC1_TABLE4_DAY:       addsec = 86400 * time_period; break;
	default:
	  if ( lprint )
	    {
	      gprintf(__func__, "Time unit %d unsupported", ISEC1_TimeUnit);
	      lprint = FALSE;
	    }
	  break;
	}

      julday_add_seconds(addsec, &julday, &secofday);

      decode_caldaysec(grib_calendar, julday, secofday, &ryear, &rmonth, &rday, &rhour, &rminute, &second);
    }
  /*
  printf("new %d/%d/%d %d:%d\n", ryear, rmonth, rday, rhour, rminute);
  */
  *date = cdiEncodeDate(ryear, rmonth, rday);
  *time = cdiEncodeTime(rhour, rminute, 0);

  return;
}


void gprintf(const char *caller, const char *fmt, ...)
{
  va_list args;

  if ( grprsm == NULL ) Error("GRIBEX initialization missing!");
	
  va_start(args, fmt);

   fprintf(grprsm, "%-18s : ", caller);
  vfprintf(grprsm, fmt, args);
   fprintf(grprsm, "\n");

  va_end(args);
}


void
gribExDP(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, double *fsec2, int *isec3,
	 double *fsec3, int *isec4, double *fsec4, int klenp, int *kgrib,
	 int kleng, int *kword, char *hoper, int *kret)
{
  int yfunc = *hoper;

  if ( yfunc == 'C' )
    {
      grib_encode_double(isec0, isec1, isec2, fsec2, isec3,
			 fsec3, isec4, fsec4, klenp, kgrib,
			 kleng, kword, yfunc, kret);
    }
  else if ( yfunc == 'D' || yfunc == 'J' || yfunc == 'R' )
    {
      grib_decode_double(isec0, isec1, isec2, fsec2, isec3,
			 fsec3, isec4, fsec4, klenp, kgrib,
			 kleng, kword, yfunc, kret);
    }
  else if ( yfunc == 'V' )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "  cgribex: Version is %s\n", cgribexLibraryVersion());
    }
  else
    {
      Error("oper %c unsupported!", yfunc);
      *kret=-9;
    }
}


void
gribExSP(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, float *fsec2, int *isec3,
	 float *fsec3, int *isec4, float *fsec4, int klenp, int *kgrib,
	 int kleng, int *kword, char *hoper, int *kret)
{
  int yfunc = *hoper;

  if ( yfunc == 'C' )
    {
      grib_encode_float(isec0, isec1, isec2, fsec2, isec3,
			fsec3, isec4, fsec4, klenp, kgrib,
			kleng, kword, yfunc, kret);
    }
  else if ( yfunc == 'D' || yfunc == 'J' || yfunc == 'R' )
    {
      grib_decode_float(isec0, isec1, isec2, fsec2, isec3,
			fsec3, isec4, fsec4, klenp, kgrib,
			kleng, kword, yfunc, kret);
    }
  else if ( yfunc == 'V' )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, " cgribex: Version is %s\n", cgribexLibraryVersion());
    }
  else
    {
      Error("oper %c unsupported!", yfunc);
      *kret=-9;
    }
}


void
gribExSP_old(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, float *fsec2sp, int *isec3,
	     float *fsec3sp, int *isec4, float *fsec4sp, int klenp, int *kgrib,
	     int kleng, int *kword, char *hoper, int *kret)
{
  int inum, j;
  double fsec2dp[1024];
  double fsec3dp[2];
  double *fsec4dp = NULL;
  int yfunc = *hoper;

  if ( yfunc == 'C' )
    {
      inum = 10 + isec2[11];
      for ( j = 0; j < inum; j++ ) fsec2dp[j] = fsec2sp[j];

      fsec3dp[0] = fsec3sp[0];
      fsec3dp[1] = fsec3sp[1];

      inum = isec4[0];
      fsec4dp = (double*) malloc(inum*sizeof(double));
      if ( fsec4dp == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

      for ( j = 0; j < inum; j++ ) fsec4dp[j] = fsec4sp[j];

      gribExDP(isec0, isec1, isec2, fsec2dp, isec3,
	       fsec3dp, isec4, fsec4dp, klenp, kgrib,
	       kleng, kword, hoper, kret);

      free(fsec4dp);
    }
  else if ( yfunc == 'D' || yfunc == 'J' || yfunc == 'R' )
    {
      if ( yfunc == 'D' || yfunc == 'R' )
	{
	  fsec4dp = (double*) malloc(klenp*sizeof(double));
	  if ( fsec4dp == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");
	}

      for ( j = 0; j < 10; j++ ) fsec2dp[j] = 0.0;
      for ( j = 0; j <  2; j++ ) fsec3dp[j] = 0.0;

      gribExDP(isec0, isec1, isec2, fsec2dp, isec3,
	       fsec3dp, isec4, fsec4dp, klenp, kgrib,
	       kleng, kword, hoper, kret);

      inum = 10 + isec2[11];
      for ( j = 0; j < inum; j++ ) fsec2sp[j] = fsec2dp[j];

      fsec3sp[0] = fsec3dp[0];
      fsec3sp[1] = fsec3dp[1];

      if ( yfunc == 'D' || yfunc == 'R' )
	{
	  inum = isec4[0];
	  for ( j = 0; j < inum; j++ )
	    {
	      if ( fsec4dp[j] > -FLT_MIN && fsec4dp[j] < FLT_MIN )
		fsec4sp[j] = 0;
	      else if ( fsec4dp[j] > FLT_MAX )
		fsec4sp[j] = FLT_MAX;
	      else if ( fsec4dp[j] < -FLT_MAX )
		fsec4sp[j] = -FLT_MAX;
	      else
		fsec4sp[j] = fsec4dp[j];
	    }

	  free(fsec4dp);
	}
    }
  else if ( yfunc == 'V' )
    fprintf(stderr, " c-gribex: Version is %s\n", cgribexLibraryVersion());
  else
    {
      Error("oper %c unsupported!", yfunc);
      *kret=-9;
    }
}

int CGRIBEX_Fix_ZSE  = 0;    /* 1: Fix ZeroShiftError of simple packed spherical harmonics */
int CGRIBEX_Const    = 0;    /* 1: Don't pack constant fields on regular grids */
int CGRIBEX_Debug    = 0;    /* 1: Debugging */

void gribSetDebug(int debug)
{
  CGRIBEX_Debug = debug;

  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
    Message("debug level %d", debug);
}


void gribFixZSE(int flag)
{
  CGRIBEX_Fix_ZSE = flag;

  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
    Message("Fix ZeroShiftError set to %d", flag);
}


void gribSetConst(int flag)
{
  CGRIBEX_Const = flag;

  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
    Message("Const set to %d", flag);
}


void gribSetRound(int round)
{
  UNUSED(round);
}


void gribSetRefDP(double refval)
{
  UNUSED(refval);
}


void gribSetRefSP(float refval)
{
  gribSetRefDP((double) refval);
}


void gribSetValueCheck(int vcheck)
{
  UNUSED(vcheck);
}
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>



void gribPrintSec0(int *isec0)
{
  /*

    Print the information in the Indicator
    Section (Section 0) of decoded GRIB data.

    Input Parameters:

       isec0 - Array of decoded integers from Section 0


    Converted from EMOS routine GRPRS0.

       Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

  */

  grsdef();

  fprintf(grprsm, " \n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " Section 0 - Indicator Section.       \n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " -------------------------------------\n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " Length of GRIB message (octets).     %9d\n", ISEC0_GRIB_Len);
  fprintf(grprsm, " GRIB Edition Number.                 %9d\n", ISEC0_GRIB_Version);
}

void gribPrintSec1(int *isec0, int *isec1)
{
  /*

    Print the information in the Product Definition
    Section (Section 1) of decoded GRIB data.

    Input Parameters:

       isec0 - Array of decoded integers from Section 0

       isec1 - Array of decoded integers from Section 1

    Comments:

       When decoding data from Experimental Edition or Edition 0,
       routine GRIBEX adds the additional fields available in
       Edition 1.


    Converted from EMOS routine GRPRS1.

       Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

  */

  int iprev, icurr, icount, ioffset;
  int ibit, ierr, iout, iyear;
  int jloop, jiloop;
  float value;

  char hversion[9];
  /*
  char hfirst[121], hsecond[121], hthird[121], hfourth[121];
  */

  grsdef();

  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 0 . Print required information.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */

  fprintf(grprsm, " \n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " Section 1 - Product Definition Section.\n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " ---------------------------------------\n");

  fprintf(grprsm, " Code Table 2 Version Number.         %9d\n", isec1[0]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Originating centre identifier.       %9d\n", isec1[1]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Model identification.                %9d\n", isec1[2]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Grid definition.                     %9d\n", isec1[3]);

  ibit = 8;
  prtbin(isec1[4], ibit, &iout, &ierr);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Flag (Code Table 1)                   %8.8d\n", iout);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Parameter identifier (Code Table 2). %9d\n", isec1[5]);

  /*
      IERR = CHKTAB2(ISEC1,HFIRST,HSECOND,HTHIRD,HFOURTH)
      IF( IERR .EQ. 0 ) THEN
       DO JLOOP = 121, 1, -1
          IF( HSECOND(JLOOP:JLOOP).NE.' ' ) THEN
            IOFFSET = JLOOP
            GOTO 110
          ENDIF
        ENDDO
        GOTO 120
 110    CONTINUE
        WRITE(*,'(2H ",A,1H")') HSECOND(1:IOFFSET)
 120    CONTINUE
      ENDIF
  */

  if ( isec1[5] != 127 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " Type of level (Code Table 3).        %9d\n", isec1[6]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Value 1 of level (Code Table 3).     %9d\n", isec1[7]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Value 2 of level (Code Table 3).     %9d\n", isec1[8]);
    }
  else
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " Satellite identifier.                %9d\n", isec1[6]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Spectral band.                       %9d\n", isec1[7]);
    }

  iyear = isec1[9];
  if ( iyear != 255 )
    {
      int date, time;
      /* iyear  = ((isec1[20]-1)*100 + isec1[9]); */
      gribDateTime(isec1, &date, &time);
      iyear = date/10000;
      fprintf(grprsm, " Year of reference time of data.      %9d  (%4d)\n", isec1[9], iyear);
    }
  else
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " Year of reference time of data MISSING  (=255)\n");
    }

  fprintf(grprsm, " Month of reference time of data.     %9d\n", isec1[10]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Day of reference time of data.       %9d\n", isec1[11]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Hour of reference time of data.      %9d\n", isec1[12]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Minute of reference time of data.    %9d\n", isec1[13]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Time unit (Code Table 4).            %9d\n", isec1[14]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Time range one.                      %9d\n", isec1[15]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Time range two.                      %9d\n", isec1[16]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Time range indicator (Code Table 5)  %9d\n", isec1[17]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Number averaged.                     %9d\n", isec1[18]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Number missing from average.         %9d\n", isec1[19]);
  /*
     All ECMWF data in GRIB Editions before Edition 1 is decoded
     as 20th century data. Other centres are decoded as missing.
  */
  if ( isec0[1] < 1 && isec1[1] != 98 )
    fprintf(grprsm, " Century of reference time of data.   Not given\n");
  else
    fprintf(grprsm, " Century of reference time of data.   %9d\n", isec1[20]);

  /*   Print sub-centre  */
  fprintf(grprsm, " Sub-centre identifier.               %9d\n", ISEC1_SubCenterID);

  /*   Decimal scale factor  */
  fprintf(grprsm, " Units decimal scaling factor.        %9d\n", isec1[22]);

  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 1 . Print local DWD information.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  if ( (ISEC1_CenterID == 78 || ISEC1_CenterID == 215 || ISEC1_CenterID == 250) &&
       (isec1[36] == 253     || isec1[36] == 254) )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " DWD local usage identifier.          %9d\n", isec1[36]);
      if ( isec1[36] == 253 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " (Database labelling and ensemble forecast)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 254 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " (Database labelling)\n");

      fprintf(grprsm, " Year of database entry                     %3d  (%4d)\n", isec1[43], 1900+isec1[43]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Month of database entry                    %3d\n", isec1[44]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Day of database entry                      %3d\n", isec1[45]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Hour of database entry                     %3d\n", isec1[46]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Minute of database entry                   %3d\n", isec1[47]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " DWD experiment number                %9d\n",isec1[48]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " DWD run type                         %9d\n",isec1[49]);
      if ( isec1[36] == 253 ) 
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " User id                              %9d\n",isec1[50]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Experiment identifier                %9d\n",isec1[51]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Ensemble identification type         %9d\n",isec1[52]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Number of ensemble members           %9d\n",isec1[53]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Actual number of ensemble member     %9d\n",isec1[54]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Model version                            %2d.%2.2d\n",isec1[55],isec1[56]);
	}
    }

  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 2 . Print local ECMWF information.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  /*
    Regular MARS labelling, or reformatted Washington EPS products.
  */
  if ( (ISEC1_CenterID    == 98 && ISEC1_LocalFLag ==  1) ||
       (ISEC1_SubCenterID == 98 && ISEC1_LocalFLag ==  1) ||
       (ISEC1_CenterID    ==  7 && ISEC1_SubCenterID == 98) )
    {
      /*   Parameters common to all definitions.  */

      fprintf(grprsm, " ECMWF local usage identifier.        %9d\n", isec1[36]);
      if ( isec1[36] == 1 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " (Mars labelling or ensemble forecast)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 2 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (Cluster means and standard deviations)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 3 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (Satellite image data)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 4 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (Ocean model data)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 5 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (Forecast probability data)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 6 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (Surface temperature data)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 7 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (Sensitivity data)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 8 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (ECMWF re-analysis data)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 9 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (Singular vectors and ensemble perturbations)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 10 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (EPS tubes)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 11 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (Supplementary data used by analysis)\n");
      if ( isec1[36] == 13 )
        fprintf(grprsm, " (Wave 2D spectra direction and frequency)\n");

      fprintf(grprsm, " Class.                               %9d\n", isec1[37]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Type.                                %9d\n", isec1[38]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Stream.                              %9d\n", isec1[39]);
      sprintf(hversion, "%4s", (char*)&isec1[40]); hversion[4] = 0;
      fprintf(grprsm, " Version number or Experiment identifier.  %4s\n", hversion);
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 1.
	(MARS labelling or ensemble forecast data)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 1 )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Forecast number.                     %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  if ( isec1[39] != 1090 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Total number of forecasts.           %9d\n", isec1[42]);

	  return;
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 2.
	(Cluster means and standard deviations)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 2 )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Cluster number.                      %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Total number of clusters.            %9d\n", isec1[42]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Clustering method.                   %9d\n", isec1[43]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Start time step when clustering.     %9d\n", isec1[44]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " End time step when clustering.       %9d\n", isec1[45]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Northern latitude of domain.         %9d\n", isec1[46]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Western longitude of domain.         %9d\n", isec1[47]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Southern latitude of domain.         %9d\n", isec1[48]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Eastern longitude of domain.         %9d\n", isec1[49]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Operational forecast in cluster      %9d\n", isec1[50]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Control forecast in cluster          %9d\n", isec1[51]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Number of forecasts in cluster.      %9d\n", isec1[52]);

	  for (jloop = 0; jloop < isec1[52]; jloop++)
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Forecast number                      %9d\n", isec1[jloop+53]);

	  return;
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 3.
	(Satellite image data)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 3 )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Satellite spectral band.             %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Function code.                       %9d\n", isec1[42]);
	  return;
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 4.
	(Ocean model data)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 4 )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Satellite spectral band.             %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  if ( isec1[39] != 1090 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Function code.                       %9d\n", isec1[42]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Coordinate structure definition.\n");
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Fundamental spatial reference system.%9d\n", isec1[43]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Fundamental time reference.          %9d\n", isec1[44]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Space unit flag.                     %9d\n", isec1[45]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Vertical coordinate definition.      %9d\n", isec1[46]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Horizontal coordinate definition.    %9d\n", isec1[47]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Time unit flag.                      %9d\n", isec1[48]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Time coordinate definition.          %9d\n", isec1[49]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Position definition.     \n");
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Mixed coordinate field flag.         %9d\n", isec1[50]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Coordinate 1 flag.                   %9d\n", isec1[51]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Averaging flag.                      %9d\n", isec1[52]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Position of level 1.                 %9d\n", isec1[53]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Position of level 2.                 %9d\n", isec1[54]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Coordinate 2 flag.                   %9d\n", isec1[55]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Averaging flag.                      %9d\n", isec1[56]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Position of level 1.                 %9d\n", isec1[57]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Position of level 2.                 %9d\n", isec1[58]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Grid Definition.\n");
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Coordinate 3 flag (x-axis)           %9d\n", isec1[59]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Coordinate 4 flag (y-axis)           %9d\n", isec1[60]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Coordinate 4 of first grid point.    %9d\n", isec1[61]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Coordinate 3 of first grid point.    %9d\n", isec1[62]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Coordinate 4 of last grid point.     %9d\n", isec1[63]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Coordinate 3 of last grid point.     %9d\n", isec1[64]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " i - increment.                       %9d\n", isec1[65]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " j - increment.                       %9d\n", isec1[66]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Flag for irregular grid coordinates. %9d\n", isec1[67]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Flag for normal or staggered grids.  %9d\n", isec1[68]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Further information.\n");
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Further information flag.            %9d\n", isec1[69]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Auxiliary information.\n");
	  fprintf(grprsm, " No. entries in horizontal coordinate %9d\n", isec1[70]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " No. entries in mixed coordinate defn.%9d\n", isec1[71]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " No. entries in grid coordinate list. %9d\n", isec1[72]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " No. entries in auxiliary array.      %9d\n", isec1[73]);
	  /*
	    Horizontal coordinate supplement.
	  */
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Horizontal coordinate supplement.\n");
	  if ( isec1[70] == 0 )
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, "(None).\n");
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, "Number of items = %d\n", isec1[70]);
	      for (jloop = 0; jloop < isec1[70]; jloop++)
		fprintf(grprsm, "         %12d\n", isec1[74+jloop]);
	    }
	  /*
	    Mixed coordinate definition.
	  */
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Mixed coordinate definition.\n");
	  if ( isec1[71] == 0 )
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, "(None).\n");
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, "Number of items = %d\n", isec1[71]);
	      ioffset = 74 + isec1[70];
	      for (jloop = 0; jloop < isec1[71]; jloop++)
		fprintf(grprsm, "         %12d\n", isec1[ioffset+jloop]);
	    }
	  /*
	    Grid coordinate list.
	  */
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Grid coordinate list. \n");
	  if ( isec1[72] == 0 )
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, "(None).\n");
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, "Number of items = %d\n", isec1[72]);
	      ioffset = 74 + isec1[70] + isec1[71];
	      for (jloop = 0; jloop < isec1[72]; jloop++)
		fprintf(grprsm, "         %12d\n", isec1[ioffset+jloop]);
	    }
	  /*
	    Auxiliary array.
	  */
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Auxiliary array.      \n");
	  if ( isec1[73] == 0 )
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, "(None).\n");
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, "Number of items = %d\n", isec1[73]);
	      ioffset = 74 + isec1[70] + isec1[71] + isec1[72];
	      for (jloop = 0; jloop < isec1[73]; jloop++)
		fprintf(grprsm, "         %12d\n", isec1[ioffset+jloop]);
	    }
	  /*
	    Post-auxiliary array.
	  */
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Post-auxiliary array. \n");
	  ioffset = 74 + isec1[70] + isec1[71] + isec1[72] + isec1[73];
	  if ( isec1[ioffset] == 0 )
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, "(None).\n");
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, "Number of items = %d\n", isec1[ioffset]);
	      for (jloop = 1; jloop < isec1[ioffset]; jloop++)
		fprintf(grprsm, "         %12d\n", isec1[ioffset+jloop]);
	    }

	  return;
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 5.
	(Forecast probability data)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 5 )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Forecast probability number          %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Total number of forecast probabilities %7d\n", isec1[42]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Threshold units decimal scale factor %9d\n", isec1[43]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Threshold indicator(1=lower,2=upper,3=both) %2d\n", isec1[44]);
	  if ( isec1[44]  !=  2 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Lower threshold value                %9d\n", isec1[45]);
	  if ( isec1[44]  !=  1 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Upper threshold value                %9d\n", isec1[46]);
	  return;
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 6.
	(Surface temperature data)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 6 )
	{
	  iyear = isec1[43];
	  if ( iyear > 100 )
	    {
	      if ( iyear < 19000000 ) iyear = iyear + 19000000;
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Date of SST field used               %9d\n", iyear);
	    }
	  else
	    fprintf(grprsm, "Date of SST field used               Not given\n");
	}
      if ( isec1[44] == 0 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " Type of SST field (= climatology)    %9d\n", isec1[44]);
      if ( isec1[44] == 1 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " Type of SST field (= 1/1 degree)     %9d\n", isec1[44]);
      if ( isec1[44] == 2 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " Type of SST field (= 2/2 degree)     %9d\n", isec1[44]);

      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of ICE fields used:           %9d\n", isec1[45]);

      for (jloop = 1; jloop <= isec1[45]; jloop++)
	{
	  iyear = isec1[44+(jloop*2)];
	  if ( iyear > 100 )
	    {
              if ( iyear < 19000000 ) iyear = iyear + 19000000;
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Date of ICE field%3d                 %9d\n", jloop, iyear);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Satellite number (ICE field%3d)      %9d\n", jloop,
		     isec1[45+(jloop*2)]);
	    }
	  else
	    fprintf(grprsm, "Date of SST field used               Not given\n");
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 7.
	(Sensitivity data)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 7 )
	{
	  if ( isec1[38]  ==  51 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Forecast number                      %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  if ( isec1[38]  !=  51 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Iteration number                     %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  if ( isec1[38]  !=  52 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Total number of diagnostics          %9d\n", isec1[42]);
	  if ( isec1[38]  ==  52 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " No.interations in diag. minimisation %9d\n", isec1[42]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Domain(0=Global,1=Europe,2=N.Hem.,3=S.Hem.) %2d\n", isec1[43]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Diagnostic number                    %9d\n", isec1[44]);
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 8.
	(ECMWF re-analysis data)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 8 )
	{
	  if ( (isec1[39] == 1043) ||
	       (isec1[39] == 1070) ||
	       (isec1[39] == 1071) )
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Interval between reference times     %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	      for (jloop = 43; jloop <= 54; jloop++)
		{
		  jiloop = jloop + 8;
		  fprintf(grprsm, " ERA section 1 octet %2d.              %9d\n",
			 jiloop, isec1[jloop-1]);
		}
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      for (jloop = 42; jloop <= 54; jloop++)
		{
		  jiloop = jloop + 8;
		  fprintf(grprsm, " ERA section 1 octet %2d.              %9d\n",
			 jiloop, isec1[jloop-1]);
		}
	    }
	  return;
	}

      if ( isec1[38] > 4  && isec1[38] < 9 )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Simulation number.                   %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Total number of simulations.         %9d\n", isec1[42]);
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 9.
	(Singular vectors and ensemble perturbations)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 9 )
	{
	  if ( isec1[38] == 60 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Perturbed ensemble forecast number   %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  if ( isec1[38] == 61 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Initial state perturbation number    %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  if ( isec1[38] == 62 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Singular vector number               %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  if ( isec1[38] == 62 )
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of iterations                 %9d\n", isec1[42]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of singular vectors computed  %9d\n", isec1[43]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Norm used at initial time            %9d\n", isec1[44]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Norm used at final time              %9d\n", isec1[45]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Multiplication factor                %9d\n", isec1[46]);
    	      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of north-west corner        %9d\n", isec1[47]);
    	      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of north-west corner       %9d\n", isec1[48]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of south-east corner        %9d\n", isec1[49]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of south-east corner       %9d\n", isec1[50]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Accuracy                             %9d\n", isec1[51]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of singular vectors evolved   %9d\n", isec1[52]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Ritz number one                      %9d\n", isec1[53]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Ritz number two                      %9d\n", isec1[54]);
	    }
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 10.
	(EPS tubes)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 10 )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Tube number                          %9d\n", isec1[41]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Total number of tubes                %9d\n", isec1[42]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Central cluster definition           %9d\n", isec1[43]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Parameter                            %9d\n", isec1[44]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Type of level                        %9d\n", isec1[45]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Northern latitude of domain of tubing%9d\n", isec1[46]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Western longitude of domain of tubing%9d\n", isec1[47]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Southern latitude of domain of tubing%9d\n", isec1[48]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Eastern longitude of domain of tubing%9d\n", isec1[49]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Tube number of operational forecast  %9d\n", isec1[50]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Tube number of control forecast      %9d\n", isec1[51]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Height/pressure of level             %9d\n", isec1[52]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Reference step                       %9d\n", isec1[53]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Radius of central cluster            %9d\n", isec1[54]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Ensemble standard deviation          %9d\n", isec1[55]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Dist.of tube extreme to ensemble mean%9d\n", isec1[56]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Number of forecasts in the tube      %9d\n", isec1[57]);

          fprintf(grprsm, " List of ensemble forecast numbers:\n");
          for (jloop = 1; jloop <=  isec1[57]; jloop++)
	    fprintf(grprsm, "    %9d\n", isec1[57+jloop]);
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 11.
	(Supplementary data used by the analysis)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 11 )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Details of analysis which used the supplementary data:\n");
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Class                              %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Type                               %9d\n", isec1[42]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Stream                             %9d\n", isec1[43]);
	  /*
	  sprintf(hversion, "%8d", isec1[44]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Version number/experiment identifier:   %4s\n", &hversion[4]);
	  */
	  iyear = isec1[45];
	  if ( iyear > 50 )
	    iyear = iyear + 1900;
	  else
	    iyear = iyear + 2000;

	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Year                               %9d\n", iyear);
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Month                              %9d\n", isec1[46]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Day                                %9d\n", isec1[47]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Hour                               %9d\n", isec1[48]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Minute                             %9d\n", isec1[49]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Century                            %9d\n", isec1[50]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Originating centre                 %9d\n", isec1[51]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, "   Sub-centre                         %9d\n", isec1[52]);
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 12.
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 12 )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " (Mean, average, etc)\n");
          fprintf(grprsm, " Start date of the period              %8d\n", isec1[41]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Start time of the period                  %4.4d\n", isec1[42]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Finish date of the period             %8d\n", isec1[43]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Finish time of the period                 %4.4d\n", isec1[44]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Verifying date of the period          %8d\n", isec1[45]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Verifying time of the period              %4.4d\n", isec1[46]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Code showing method                   %8d\n", isec1[47]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " Number of different time intervals used  %5d\n", isec1[48]);
          fprintf(grprsm, " List of different time intervals used:\n");
          iprev  = isec1[49];
          icurr  = 0;
          icount = 0;
          for (jloop = 1; jloop <= isec1[48]; jloop++)
	    {
	      icurr = isec1[48+jloop];
	      if ( icurr != iprev )
		{
		  if ( icount == 1 )
		    fprintf(grprsm, "  - interval %5.4d used       once\n", iprev);
		  if ( icount == 2 )
		    fprintf(grprsm, "  - interval %5.4d used       twice\n", iprev);
		  if ( icount > 2 )
		    fprintf(grprsm, "  - interval %5.4d used %5d times\n",  iprev, icount);
		  iprev  = icurr;
		  icount = 1;
		}
	      else
		icount = icount + 1;
	    }
	  if ( icount == 1 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, "  - interval %5.4d used       once\n", iprev);
	  if ( icount == 2 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, "  - interval %5.4d used       twice\n", iprev);
	  if ( icount > 2 )
	    fprintf(grprsm, "  - interval %5.4d used %5d times\n",  iprev, icount);
	}
      /*
	ECMWF Local definition 13.
	(Wave 2D spectra direction and frequency)
      */
      if ( isec1[36] == 13 )
	{
          fprintf(grprsm, " Direction number                     %9d\n", isec1[43]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Frequency number                     %9d\n", isec1[44]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Total number of directions           %9d\n", isec1[45]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Total number of frequencies          %9d\n", isec1[46]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Scale factor applied to directions   %9d\n", isec1[47]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Scale factor applied to frequencies  %9d\n", isec1[48]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " List of directions:\n");
          for (jloop = 1; jloop <= isec1[45]; jloop++)
            {
	      value = (float)(isec1[48+jloop])/(float)(isec1[47]);
	      if ( isec1[43] == jloop )
		fprintf(grprsm, " %2.2d:%15.7f   <-- this field value\n",  jloop, value);
	      else
		fprintf(grprsm, "%2.2d:%15.7f\n",  jloop, value);
            }
	  fprintf(grprsm, " List of frequencies:\n");
          for (jloop = 1; jloop <= isec1[46]; jloop++)
	    {
	      value = (float)(isec1[48+isec1[45]+jloop])/(float)(isec1[48]);
	      if ( isec1[44] == jloop )
		fprintf(grprsm, " %2.2d:%15.7f   <-- this field value\n",  jloop, value);
	      else
		fprintf(grprsm, "%2.2d:%15.7f\n",  jloop, value);

	      if ( isec1[49+isec1[45]+isec1[46]] != 0 )
		{
		  fprintf(grprsm, " System number (65535 = missing)      %9d\n",
			 isec1[49+isec1[45]+isec1[46]]);
		  fprintf(grprsm, " Method number (65535 = missing)      %9d\n",
			 isec1[50+isec1[45]+isec1[46]]);
		}
	    }
	  /*
	    ECMWF Local definition 14.
	    (Brightness temperature)
	  */
	  if ( isec1[36] == 14 )
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Channel number                       %9d\n", isec1[43]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Scale factor applied to frequencies  %9d\n", isec1[44]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Total number of frequencies          %9d\n", isec1[45]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " List of frequencies:\n");
              for (jloop = 1; jloop <= isec1[45]; jloop++)
		{
		  value = (float)(isec1[45+jloop])/(float)(isec1[44]);
		  if ( isec1[43] == jloop )
		    fprintf(grprsm, " %3d:%15.9f   <-- this channel\n", jloop, value);
		  else
		    fprintf(grprsm, " %3d:%15.9f\n", jloop, value);
		}
	    }
	  /*
	    ECMWF Local definition 15.
	    (Ocean ensemble seasonal forecast)
	  */
	  if ( isec1[36] == 15 )
	    {
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Ensemble member number               %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " System number                        %9d\n", isec1[42]);
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Method number                        %9d\n", isec1[43]);
	    }
	  /*
	    ECMWF Local definition 16.
	    (Seasonal forecast monthly mean atmosphere data)
	  */
        if ( isec1[36] == 16 )
	  {
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Ensemble member number               %9d\n", isec1[41]);
	    fprintf(grprsm, " System number                        %9d\n", isec1[43]);
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Method number                        %9d\n", isec1[44]);
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Verifying month                      %9d\n", isec1[45]);
	    fprintf(grprsm, " Averaging period                     %9d\n", isec1[46]);
	  }
	/*
	  ECMWF Local definition 17.
	  (Sst or sea-ice used by analysis)
	*/
        if ( isec1[36] == 17 )
	  {
	    iyear = isec1[43];
	    if ( iyear > 100 )
	      {
		if ( iyear < 19000000 ) iyear = iyear + 19000000;
		fprintf(grprsm, " Date of sst/ice field used           %9d\n", iyear);
	      }
	    else
              fprintf(grprsm, " Date of sst/ice field used           Not given\n");
      
	    if ( isec1[44] == 0 )
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Type of sst/ice field (= climatology)%9d\n", isec1[44]);
	    if ( isec1[44] == 1 )
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Type of sst/ice field (= 1/1 degree) %9d\n", isec1[44]);
	    if ( isec1[44] == 2 )
	      fprintf(grprsm, " Type of sst/ice field (= 2/2 degree) %9d\n", isec1[44]);

	    fprintf(grprsm, " Number of ICE fields used:           %9d\n", isec1[45]);

	    for (jloop = 1; jloop < isec1[45]; jloop++)
	      {
		iyear = isec1[44+(jloop*2)];
		if ( iyear > 100 )
		  {
		    if ( iyear < 19000000 ) iyear = iyear + 19000000;
		    fprintf(grprsm, " Date of ICE field%3d                 %9d\n", jloop,
			   iyear);
		    fprintf(grprsm, " Satellite number (ICE field%3d)      %9d\n", jloop,
			   isec1[45+(jloop*2)]);
		  }
		else
		  fprintf(grprsm, "Date of sst/ice field used           Not given\n");
	      } 
	  }
	}
    }
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 3 . Print Washington ensemble product information.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  /*
    Washington EPS products (but not reformatted Washington EPS
    products.
  */
  if ( (isec1[1] == 7 && isec1[23] == 1) && (! (ISEC1_SubCenterID == 98)) )
    {
      /*   CALL KWPRS1 (iSEC0,iSEC1)*/
    }
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 4 . Print local MPIM information.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  if (isec1[ 1] == 252 && isec1[36] == 1)
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " MPIM local usage identifier.         %9d\n", isec1[36]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Type of ensemble forecast            %9d\n", isec1[37]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Individual ensemble member           %9d\n", isec1[38]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of forecasts in ensemble      %9d\n", isec1[39]);
    }
}

void printQuasi(int *isec2)
{
  /*

    Print the qusai-regular information in the Grid Description
    Section (Section 2) of decoded GRIB data.

    Input Parameters:

       isec2 - Array of decoded integers from Section 2.

    Comments:

       Only data representation types catered for are Gaussian
       grid, latitude/longitude grid, Spherical Harmonics,
       Polar stereographic and Space view perspective.

    Converted from EMOS routine PTQUASI.

       Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

  */

  char yout[64];
  int nextlat, nrepeat, latcnt;
  int j;
  int ntos;

  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 1. Print quasi-grid data.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  /*
    See if scanning is north->south or south->north
  */
  fprintf(grprsm, "  Number of points along a parallel varies.\n");

  ntos = ( fmod((double) isec2[10], 128.) < 64 );

  if ( ntos )
    fprintf(grprsm, "  Number of points.   Parallel. (North to South)\n");
  else
    fprintf(grprsm, "  Number of points.   Parallel. (South to North)\n");

  /*  Display number of points for each latitude */
  latcnt  = isec2[2];
  nextlat = 0;
  memset(yout, ' ', (size_t) 11);

  for ( j = 0; j < latcnt; j++ )
    {
      nextlat = nextlat + 1;
      sprintf(yout, "%4d", nextlat);

      /*       Finished?  */
      if ( nextlat > latcnt ) break;
      if ( nextlat == latcnt )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " %5d                %-12s\n", isec2[nextlat+21], yout);
	  break;
	}
      /*
	Look for neighbouring latitudes with same number of points
      */
      nrepeat = 0;

    LABEL110:
      /*
	If neighbouring latitudes have same number of points
	increase the repeat count.
      */
      if ( isec2[nextlat+21+1] == isec2[nextlat+21] )
	{
          nrepeat = nrepeat + 1;
          nextlat = nextlat + 1;
	  if ( nextlat < latcnt ) goto LABEL110;
	}
      /*
	Display neighbouring latitudes with same number of points as
	'nn to mm'.
      */
      if ( nrepeat >= 1 )
	{
	  strncpy(yout+4, " to", 3);
	  sprintf(yout+7, "%5d", nextlat);
        }
      fprintf(grprsm, " %5d                %-12s\n", isec2[nextlat+21], yout);
      memset(yout, ' ', (size_t) 11);
    }
}

void gribPrintSec2DP(int *isec0, int *isec2, double *fsec2)
{
  /*

    Print the information in the Grid Description
    Section (Section 2) of decoded GRIB data.

    Input Parameters:

       isec0  - Array of decoded integers from Section 0

       isec2  - Array of decoded integers from Section 2

       fsec2  - Array of decoded floats from Section 2

    Comments:

       Only data representation types catered for are Gaussian
       grid, latitude/longitude grid, Spherical Harmonics,
       Polar stereographic and Space view perspective.


    Converted from EMOS routine GRPRS2.

       Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

  */

  int i, ibit, iedit, ierr, iout, iresol;

  grsdef();
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 1 . Print GRIB Edition number.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  iedit = isec0[1];
  fprintf(grprsm, " \n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " Section 2 - Grid Description Section.\n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " -------------------------------------\n");
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 2 . Print spherical harmonic data.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  if ( isec2[0] == 50 || isec2[0] == 60 || 
       isec2[0] == 70 || isec2[0] == 80 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " Data represent type = spectral     (Table 6) %9d\n", isec2[0]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " J - Pentagonal resolution parameter.         %9d\n", isec2[1]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " K - Pentagonal resolution parameter.         %9d\n", isec2[2]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " M - Pentagonal resolution parameter.         %9d\n", isec2[3]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Representation type (Table 9)                %9d\n", isec2[4]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Representation mode (Table 10).              %9d\n", isec2[5]);
      for (i = 7; i <= 11; i++)
        fprintf(grprsm, " Not used.                                    %9d\n", isec2[i-1]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of vertical coordinate parameters.    %9d\n", isec2[11]);
      goto LABEL800;
    }
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 3 . Print Gaussian grid data.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  if ( isec2[0] ==  4 || isec2[0] == 14 || 
       isec2[0] == 24 || isec2[0] == 34 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " (Southern latitudes and Western longitudes are negative.)\n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " Data represent type = gaussian     (Table 6) %9d\n", isec2[0]);
      /*
	Quasi-regular grids introduced in Edition 1.
      */
      if ( isec2[16] == 0 || iedit < 1 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along a parallel.           %9d\n", isec2[1]);
      else
      	printQuasi(isec2);

      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along a meridian.           %9d\n", isec2[2]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of first grid point.                %9d\n", isec2[3]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of first grid point.               %9d\n", isec2[4]);

      ibit = 8;
      iresol = isec2[5] + isec2[17] + isec2[18];
      prtbin(iresol, ibit, &iout, &ierr);

      fprintf(grprsm, " Resolution and components flag.               %8.8d\n", iout);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of last grid point.                 %9d\n", isec2[6]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of last grid point.                %9d\n", isec2[7]);
      /*
	Print increment if given.
      */
      if ( isec2[5] == 128 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " i direction (East-West) increment.           %9d\n", isec2[8]);
      else
	fprintf(grprsm, " i direction (East-West) increment            Not given\n");

      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of parallels between pole and equator.%9d\n", isec2[9]);

      ibit = 8;
      prtbin(isec2[10], ibit, &iout, &ierr);

      fprintf(grprsm, " Scanning mode flags (Code Table 8)            %8.8d\n", iout);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of vertical coordinate parameters.    %9d\n", isec2[11]);
      goto LABEL800;
    }
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 4 . Print Latitude / longitude grid data.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  if ( isec2[0] ==  0 || isec2[0] == 10 || 
       isec2[0] == 20 || isec2[0] == 30 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " (Southern latitudes and Western longitudes are negative.)\n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " Data represent type = lat/long     (Table 6) %9d\n", isec2[0]);
      /*
	Quasi-regular lat/long grids also possible.
      */
      if ( isec2[16] == 0 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along a parallel.           %9d\n", isec2[1]);
      else
        printQuasi(isec2);

      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along a meridian.           %9d\n", isec2[2]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of first grid point.                %9d\n", isec2[3]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of first grid point.               %9d\n", isec2[4]);

      ibit = 8;
      iresol = isec2[5] + isec2[17] + isec2[18];
      prtbin(iresol, ibit, &iout, &ierr);

      fprintf(grprsm, " Resolution and components flag.               %8.8d\n", iout);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of last grid point.                 %9d\n", isec2[6]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of last grid point.                %9d\n", isec2[7]);
      /*
	Print increment if given.
      */
      if ( isec2[8] < 0 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " i direction (East-West) increment            Not given\n");
      else
	fprintf(grprsm, " i direction (East-West) increment.           %9d\n", isec2[8]);

      if ( isec2[9] < 0 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " j direction (North-South) increment          Not given\n");
      else
	fprintf(grprsm, " j direction (North-South) increment.         %9d\n", isec2[9]);
    
      ibit = 8;
      prtbin(isec2[10], ibit, &iout, &ierr);

      fprintf(grprsm, " Scanning mode flags (Code Table 8)            %8.8d\n", iout);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of vertical coordinate parameters.    %9d\n", isec2[11]);
      goto LABEL800;
    }
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 5 . Print polar stereographic data.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  if ( isec2[0] == 5 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " (Southern latitudes and Western longitudes are negative.)\n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " Data represent type = polar stereo (Table 6) %9d\n", isec2[0]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along X axis.               %9d\n", isec2[1]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along Y axis.               %9d\n", isec2[2]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of first grid point.                %9d\n", isec2[3]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of first grid point.               %9d\n", isec2[4]);
      ibit = 8;
      iresol = isec2[17] + isec2[18];
      prtbin(iresol, ibit, &iout, &ierr);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Resolution and components flag.               %8.8d\n", iout);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Orientation of the grid.                     %9d\n", isec2[6]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " X direction increment.                       %9d\n", isec2[8]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Y direction increment.                       %9d\n", isec2[9]);
      ibit = 8;
      prtbin(isec2[10], ibit, &iout, &ierr);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Scanning mode flags (Code Table 8)            %8.8d\n", iout);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of vertical coordinate parameters.    %9d\n", isec2[11]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Projection centre flag.                      %9d\n", isec2[12]);
      goto LABEL800;
    }
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 6 . Print Lambert conformal data.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  if ( isec2[0] == 3 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " (Southern latitudes and Western longitudes are negative.)\n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " Data represent type = Lambert      (Table 6) %9d\n", isec2[0]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along X axis.               %9d\n", isec2[1]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along Y axis.               %9d\n", isec2[2]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of first grid point.                %9d\n", isec2[3]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of first grid point.               %9d\n", isec2[4]);
      ibit = 8;
      iresol = isec2[17] + isec2[18] + isec2[5];
      prtbin(iresol, ibit, &iout, &ierr);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Resolution and components flag.               %8.8d\n", iout);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Orientation of the grid.                     %9d\n", isec2[6]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " X direction increment.                       %9d\n", isec2[8]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Y direction increment.                       %9d\n", isec2[9]);
      ibit = 8;
      prtbin(isec2[10], ibit, &iout, &ierr);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Scanning mode flags (Code Table 8)            %8.8d\n", iout);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of vertical coordinate parameters.    %9d\n", isec2[11]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Projection centre flag.                      %9d\n", isec2[12]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude intersection 1 - Latin 1 -.         %9d\n", isec2[13]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude intersection 2 - Latin 2 -.         %9d\n", isec2[14]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of Southern Pole.                   %9d\n", isec2[19]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of Southern Pole.                  %9d\n", isec2[20]);
      goto LABEL800;
    }
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 7 . Print space view perspective or orthographic data.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  if ( isec2[0] == 90 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " (Southern latitudes and Western longitudes are negative.)\n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " Data represent type = space/ortho  (Table 6) %9d\n", isec2[0]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along X axis.               %9d\n", isec2[1]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along Y axis.               %9d\n", isec2[2]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of sub-satellite point.             %9d\n", isec2[3]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of sub-satellite point.            %9d\n", isec2[4]);
      iresol = isec2[17] + isec2[18];
      fprintf(grprsm, " Diameter of the earth in x direction.        %9d\n", isec2[6]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Y coordinate of sub-satellite point.         %9d\n", isec2[9]);
      ibit = 8;
      prtbin(isec2[10], ibit, &iout, &ierr);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Scanning mode flags (Code Table 8)            %8.8d\n", iout);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of vertical coordinate parameters.    %9d\n", isec2[11]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Orientation of the grid.                     %9d\n", isec2[6]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Altitude of the camera.                      %9d\n", isec2[13]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Y coordinate of origin of sector image.      %9d\n", isec2[14]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " X coordinate of origin of sector image.      %9d\n", isec2[15]);
      goto LABEL800;
    }
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 7.5 . Print ocean data
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  /*
  if ( isec2[0] == 192 && ISEC1_CenterID == 98 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " Data represent type = ECMWF ocean  (Table 6) %9d\n", isec2[0]);
      if ( isec2[1] ==  32767 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along the first axis.       Not used\n");
      else
	fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along the first axis.       %9d\n", isec2[1]);

      if ( isec2[2] ==  32767 )
	fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along the second axis.      Not used\n");
      else
	fprintf(grprsm, " Number of points along the second axis.      %9d\n", isec2[2]);

      ibit = 8;
      prtbin(isec2[10], ibit, &iout, &ierr);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Scanning mode flags (Code Table 8)            %8.8d\n", iout);
      goto LABEL800;
    }
    */
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 7.6 . Print triangular data
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  if ( isec2[0] == 192 /* && ISEC1_CenterID == 78 */ )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " Data represent type = triangular   (Table 6) %9d\n", isec2[0]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of factor 2 in factorisation of Ni.   %9d\n", isec2[1]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of factor 3 in factorisation of Ni.   %9d\n", isec2[2]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of diamonds (Nd).                     %9d\n", isec2[3]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of triangular subdivisions of the\n");
      fprintf(grprsm, "           icosahedron (Ni).                  %9d\n", isec2[4]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Flag for orientation of diamonds (Table A).  %9d\n", isec2[5]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of pole point.                      %9d\n", isec2[6]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of pole point.                     %9d\n", isec2[7]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of the first diamond.              %9d\n", isec2[8]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Flag for storage sequence (Table B).         %9d\n", isec2[9]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Number of vertical coordinate parameters.    %9d\n", isec2[11]);
      goto LABEL800;
    }
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Drop through to here => representation type not catered for.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  fprintf(grprsm, "GRPRS2 :Data representation type not catered for -%d\n", isec2[0]);

  goto LABEL900;
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 8 . Print vertical coordinate parameters,
                rotated grid information,
                stretched grid information, if any.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 LABEL800:;
  /*
    Vertical coordinate parameters ...
  */
  if ( isec2[11] != 0 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " \n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " Vertical Coordinate Parameters.\n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " -------------------------------\n");
      for ( i = 10; i < isec2[11]+10; i++ )
	fprintf(grprsm, "    %20.12f\n", fsec2[i]);
    }
  /*
    Rotated and stretched grids introduced in Edition 1.
  */
  if ( iedit < 1 ) goto LABEL900;
  /*
    Rotated grid information ...
  */
  if ( isec2[0] == 10 || isec2[0] == 30 || 
       isec2[0] == 14 || isec2[0] == 34 || 
       isec2[0] == 60 || isec2[0] == 80 || 
       isec2[0] == 30 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " \n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of southern pole of rotation.       %9d\n", isec2[12]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of southern pole of rotation.      %9d\n", isec2[13]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Angle of rotation.                     %20.10f\n", fsec2[0]);
    }
  /*
    Stretched grid information ...
  */
  if ( isec2[0] == 20 || isec2[0] == 30 || 
       isec2[0] == 24 || isec2[0] == 34 || 
       isec2[0] == 70 || isec2[0] == 80 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " \n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " Latitude of pole of stretching.              %9d\n", isec2[14]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Longitude of pole of stretching.             %9d\n", isec2[15]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Stretching factor.                     %20.10f\n", fsec2[1]);
    }

 LABEL900:;

  return;
}

void gribPrintSec2SP(int *isec0, int *isec2, float  *fsec2sp)
{
  int inum;
  int j;
  double *fsec2;

  inum = 10 + isec2[11];

  fsec2 = (double*) malloc(inum*sizeof(double));
  if ( fsec2 == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

  for ( j = 0; j < inum; j++ )
     fsec2[j] = fsec2sp[j];
  
  gribPrintSec2DP(isec0, isec2, fsec2);

  free(fsec2);
}

void gribPrintSec3DP(int *isec0, int *isec3, double *fsec3)
{
  /*

    Print the information in the Bit-Map Section
    (Section 3) of decoded GRIB data.

    Input Parameters:

       isec0  - Array of decoded integers from Section 0

       isec3  - Array of decoded integers from Section 3

       fsec3  - Array of decoded floats from Section 3


    Converted from EMOS routine GRPRS3.

       Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

  */

  UNUSED(isec0);

  grsdef();

  fprintf(grprsm, " \n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " Section 3 - Bit-map Section.\n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " -------------------------------------\n");

  if ( isec3[0] != 0 )
    fprintf(grprsm, " Predetermined bit-map number.                %9d\n", isec3[0]);
  else
    fprintf(grprsm, " No predetermined bit-map.\n");

  fprintf(grprsm, " Missing data value for integer data.    %14d\n", isec3[1]);

  fprintf(grprsm, " Missing data value for real data. %20.6g\n", fsec3[1]);
}

void gribPrintSec3SP(int *isec0, int *isec3, float  *fsec3sp)
{
  double fsec3[2];

  fsec3[0] = fsec3sp[0];
  fsec3[1] = fsec3sp[1];
  
  gribPrintSec3DP(isec0, isec3, fsec3);
}

void gribPrintSec4DP(int *isec0, int *isec4, double *fsec4)
{
  /*

    Print the information in the Binary Data Section
    (Section 4) of decoded GRIB data.

    Input Parameters:

       isec0  - Array of decoded integers from Section 0

       isec4  - Array of decoded integers from Section 4

       fsec4  - Array of decoded floats from Section 4


    Converted from EMOS routine GRPRS4.

       Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

  */
  int inum;
  int j;

  UNUSED(isec0);

  grsdef();

  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 1 . Print integer information from isec4.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  fprintf(grprsm, " \n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " Section 4 - Binary Data  Section.\n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " -------------------------------------\n");

  fprintf(grprsm, " Number of data values coded/decoded.         %9d\n", isec4[0]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Number of bits per data value.               %9d\n", isec4[1]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Type of data       (0=grid pt, 128=spectral).%9d\n", isec4[2]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Type of packing    (0=simple, 64=complex).   %9d\n", isec4[3]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Type of data       (0=float, 32=integer).    %9d\n", isec4[4]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Additional flags   (0=none, 16=present).     %9d\n", isec4[5]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Reserved.                                    %9d\n", isec4[6]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Number of values   (0=single, 64=matrix).    %9d\n", isec4[7]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Secondary bit-maps (0=none, 32=present).     %9d\n", isec4[8]);
  fprintf(grprsm, " Values width       (0=constant, 16=variable).%9d\n", isec4[9]);
  /*
    If complex packing ..
  */
  if ( isec4[3] == 64 )
    {
      if ( isec4[2] == 128 )
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Byte offset of start of packed data (N).     %9d\n", isec4[15]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Power (P * 1000).                            %9d\n", isec4[16]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Pentagonal resolution parameter J for subset.%9d\n", isec4[17]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Pentagonal resolution parameter K for subset.%9d\n", isec4[18]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Pentagonal resolution parameter M for subset.%9d\n", isec4[19]);
	}
      else
	{
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Bits number of 2nd order values    (none=>0).%9d\n", isec4[10]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " General extend. 2-order packing (0=no,8=yes).%9d\n", isec4[11]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Boustrophedonic ordering        (0=no,4=yes).%9d\n", isec4[12]);
	  fprintf(grprsm, " Spatial differencing order          (0=none).%9d\n", isec4[13]+isec4[14]);
        }
    }
  /*
    Number of non-missing values
  */
  if ( isec4[20] != 0 )
    fprintf(grprsm, " Number of non-missing values                 %9d\n", isec4[20]);
  /*
    Information on matrix of values , if present.
  */
  if ( isec4[7] == 64 )
    {
      fprintf(grprsm, " First dimension (rows) of each matrix.       %9d\n", isec4[49]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Second dimension (columns) of each matrix.   %9d\n", isec4[50]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " First dimension coordinate values definition.%9d\n", isec4[51]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " (Code Table 12)\n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " NC1 - Number of coefficients for 1st dimension.%7d\n", isec4[52]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " Second dimension coordinate values definition.%8d\n", isec4[53]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " (Code Table 12)\n");
      fprintf(grprsm, " NC2 - Number of coefficients for 2nd dimension.%7d\n", isec4[54]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " 1st dimension physical signifance (Table 13). %8d\n", isec4[55]);
      fprintf(grprsm, " 2nd dimension physical signifance (Table 13).%8d\n", isec4[56]);
    }
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 2. Print values from fsec4.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */

  inum = isec4[0];
  if ( inum <  0 ) inum = - inum;
  if ( inum > 20 ) inum = 20;
  /*
    Print first inum values.
  */
  fprintf(grprsm, " \n");
  fprintf(grprsm, " First %4d data values.\n", inum);

  if ( isec4[4] == 0 )
    {
      /*
	Print real values ...
      */
      for ( j = 0; j < inum; j++ )
	{
	  if ( fabs(fsec4[j]) > 0 )
	    {
	      if ( fabs(fsec4[j]) >= 0.1 && fabs(fsec4[j]) <= 1.e8 )
		fprintf(grprsm, " %#16.8G    \n", fsec4[j]);
	      else
		fprintf(grprsm, " %#20.8E\n", fsec4[j]);
	    }
	  else
	    fprintf(grprsm, " %#16.0f    \n", fabs(fsec4[j]));
	}
    }
  else
    {
      /*
	Print integer values ...
      */
      fprintf(grprsm, " Print of integer values not supported\n");
      /*
        CALL SETPAR(IBIT,IDUM,IDUM)
        DO 212 J=1,INUM
           INSPT = 0
           CALL INXBIT(IVALUE,1,INSPT,FSEC4(J),1,IBIT,IBIT,'C',IRET)
           WRITE (*,9033) IVALUE
 9033 FORMAT(' ',I15)
  212   CONTINUE
      ENDIF
      */
    }
}

void gribPrintSec4SP(int *isec0, int *isec4, float  *fsec4sp)
{
  int inum;
  int j;
  double fsec4[20];

  inum = isec4[0];
  if ( inum <  0 ) inum = -inum;
  if ( inum > 20 ) inum = 20;

  for ( j = 0; j < inum; j++ ) fsec4[j] = fsec4sp[j];
  
  gribPrintSec4DP(isec0, isec4, fsec4);
}

void gribPrintSec4Wave(int *isec4)
{
  /*

    Print the wave coordinate information in the Binary Data
    Section (Section 4) of decoded GRIB data.

    Input Parameters:

       isec4 - Array of decoded integers from Section 4

    Comments:

       Wave coordinate information held in isec4 are 32-bit floats,
       hence the PTEMP and NTEMP used for printing are 4-byte variables.


    Converted from EMOS routine GRPRS4W.

       Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

  */
  int    jloop;
  int    ntemp[100];
  float *ptemp;

  grsdef();

  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 1 . Print integer information from isec4.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  fprintf(grprsm, " Coefficients defining first dimension coordinates:\n");
  for ( jloop = 0; jloop < isec4[52]; jloop++ )
    {
      ntemp[jloop] = isec4[59 + jloop];
      ptemp = (float *) &ntemp[jloop];
      fprintf(grprsm, "%20.10f\n", *ptemp);
    }
  fprintf(grprsm, " Coefficients defining second dimension coordinates:\n");
  for ( jloop = 0; jloop < isec4[54]; jloop++ )
    {
      ntemp[jloop] = isec4[59 + isec4[52] + jloop];
      ptemp = (float *) &ntemp[jloop];
      fprintf(grprsm, "%20.10f\n", *ptemp);
    }
}
#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
#  include "config.h"
#endif

#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>



int gribOpen(const char *filename, const char *mode)
{
  int fileID;

  fileID = fileOpen(filename, mode);

#if defined (__sun)
  if ( fileID != FILE_UNDEFID && tolower(*mode) == 'r' )
    {
      fileSetBufferType(fileID, FILE_BUFTYPE_MMAP);
    }
#endif

  return (fileID);  
}


void gribClose(int fileID)
{
  fileClose(fileID);
}


off_t gribGetPos(int fileID)
{
  return (fileGetPos(fileID));
}


int gribCheckFiletype(int fileID)
{
  int ierr;
  int found = 0;
  char buffer[4];

  if ( fileRead(fileID, buffer, 4) != 4 ) return(found);

  if ( memcmp(buffer, "GRIB", 4) == 0 )
    {
      found = 1;
      if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("found GRIB file = %s", fileInqName(fileID));
    }
  else
    {
      long offset;

      ierr = gribFileSeek(fileID, &offset);
      fileRewind(fileID);
      if ( !ierr )
	{
	  found = 1;
	  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("found seek GRIB file = %s", fileInqName(fileID));
	}
    }

  return (found);
}


int gribCheckSeek(int fileID, long *offset, int *version)
{
  int ierr;
  char buffer[4];

  ierr = gribFileSeek(fileID, offset);

  *version = -1;
  if ( !ierr )
    {
      if ( fileRead(fileID, buffer, 4) == 4 )
	*version = buffer[3];
    }

  return (ierr);
}


int gribFileSeekOld(int fileID, long *offset)
{
  /* position file pointer after GRIB */
  int ch;
  int buffersize = 4096;
  unsigned char buffer[4096];
  int retry = 4096;
  int i;
  void *fileptr;

  *offset = 0;

  fileptr = filePtr(fileID);

  ch = filePtrGetc(fileptr); if ( ch == EOF ) return (-1); buffer[0] = ch;
  ch = filePtrGetc(fileptr); if ( ch == EOF ) return (-1); buffer[1] = ch;
  ch = filePtrGetc(fileptr); if ( ch == EOF ) return (-1); buffer[2] = ch;
  ch = filePtrGetc(fileptr); if ( ch == EOF ) return (-1); buffer[3] = ch;
  /*
  fileRead(fileID, buffer, 4);
  */

  while ( retry-- )
    {
      for ( i = 0; i < buffersize-4; ++i )
	{
	  if (buffer[i  ] == 'G' && 
	      buffer[i+1] == 'R' &&
	      buffer[i+2] == 'I' &&
	      buffer[i+3] == 'B')
	    {
	      if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
		Message("record offset = %d", (int) *offset);
	      return (0);
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      ch = filePtrGetc(fileptr); if ( ch == EOF ) return (-1); buffer[i+4] = ch;
	      (*offset)++;
	    }
	}
      buffer[0] = buffer[i  ];
      buffer[1] = buffer[i+1];
      buffer[2] = buffer[i+2];
      buffer[3] = buffer[i+3];
    }

  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
    Message("record offset = %d", (int) *offset);

  return (1);
}


int gribFileSeek(int fileID, long *offset)
{
  /* position file pointer after GRIB */
  const long GRIB = 0x47524942;
  long code = 0;
  int ch;
  int retry = 4096*4096;
  void *fileptr;

  *offset = 0;

  fileptr = filePtr(fileID);

  while ( retry-- )
    {
      ch = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
      if ( ch == EOF ) return (-1);
    
      code = ( (code << 8) + ch ) & 0xFFFFFFFF;

      if ( code == GRIB )
	{
	  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
	    Message("record offset = %d", (int) *offset);
	  return (0);
	}

      (*offset)++;
    }

  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
    Message("record offset = %d", (int) *offset);

  return (1);
}


int gribFileSeekTest(int fileID, long *offset)
{
  /* position file pointer after GRIB */
  const long GRIB = 0x47524942;
  long code = 0;
  int ch;
  int i = 0;
  const int buffersize = 8;
  unsigned char buffer[8];
  int retry = 4096*4096;
  void *fileptr;
  int nread = 0;

  *offset = 0;

  fileptr = filePtr(fileID);

  while ( retry-- )
    {
      if ( i >= nread )
	{
	  nread = (int) filePtrRead(fileptr, buffer, buffersize);
	  if ( nread == 0 ) return (-1);
	  i = 0;
	}

      ch = buffer[i++];
      code = ( (code << 8) + ch ) & 0xFFFFFFFF;

      if ( code == GRIB )
	{
	  /* printf("end: %d %d\n", nread, i); */
	  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
	    Message("record offset = %d", (int) *offset);

	  if ( i != nread ) fileSetPos(fileID, (off_t) i-nread, SEEK_CUR);

	  return (0);
	}

      (*offset)++;
    }

  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
    Message("record offset = %d", (int) *offset);

  return (1);
}


int gribReadSize(int fileID)
{
  int gribversion, gribsize;
  int b1, b2, b3;
  off_t pos;
  void *fileptr;
  /*
  const int buffersize = 4;
  unsigned char buffer[4];
  */
  fileptr = filePtr(fileID);

  pos = fileGetPos(fileID); 
  /* bug: order of functions calls!
     gribsize = (filePtrGetc(fileptr) << 16) + (filePtrGetc(fileptr) << 8) + filePtrGetc(fileptr);
  */
  b1 = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
  b2 = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
  b3 = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
  // gribsize = (b1 << 16) + (b2 << 8) + b3;
  gribsize = gribrec_len(b1, b2, b3);

  gribversion = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
  /*
  filePtrRead(fileptr, buffer, buffersize);

  gribsize = (buffer[0] << 16) + (buffer[1] << 8) + buffer[2];

  gribversion = buffer[3];
  */
  if ( gribsize == 24 )
    {
      if ( gribversion != 1 && gribversion != 2 ) gribversion = 0;
    }

  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
    Message("gribversion = %d", gribversion);

  if ( gribversion == 0 )
    {
      int pdssize = 0, gdssize = 0, bmssize = 0, bdssize = 0;
      int issize = 4, essize = 4;
      int flag;

      pdssize = gribsize;
      fileSetPos(fileID, (off_t) 3, SEEK_CUR);
      if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("pdssize     = %d", pdssize);
      flag = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
      if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("flag        = %d", flag);
  
      fileSetPos(fileID, (off_t) pdssize-8, SEEK_CUR);

      if ( flag & 128 )
	{
	  b1 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b2 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b3 = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
	  gdssize = (b1 << 16) + (b2 << 8) + b3;
	  fileSetPos(fileID, (off_t) gdssize-3, SEEK_CUR);
	  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("gdssize     = %d", gdssize);
	}

      if ( flag & 64 )
	{
	  b1 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b2 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b3 = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
	  bmssize = (b1 << 16) + (b2 << 8) + b3;
	  fileSetPos(fileID, (off_t) bmssize-3, SEEK_CUR);
	  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("bmssize     = %d", bmssize);
	}

      b1 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b2 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b3 = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
      bdssize = (b1 << 16) + (b2 << 8) + b3;
      if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("bdssize     = %d", bdssize);

      gribsize = issize + pdssize + gdssize + bmssize + bdssize + essize;
    }
  else if ( gribversion == 1 )
    {
      if ( gribsize > JP23SET ) /* Large GRIB record */
	{
	  int pdssize = 0, gdssize = 0, bmssize = 0, bdssize = 0;
	  int issize = 4, essize = 4;
	  int flag;

	  b1 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b2 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b3 = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
	  pdssize = (b1 << 16) + (b2 << 8) + b3;
	  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("pdssize     = %d", pdssize);

	  for ( int i = 0; i < 5; ++i ) flag = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
	  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("flag        = %d", flag);
  
	  fileSetPos(fileID, (off_t) pdssize-8, SEEK_CUR);

	  if ( flag & 128 )
	    {
	      b1 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b2 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b3 = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
	      gdssize = (b1 << 16) + (b2 << 8) + b3;
	      fileSetPos(fileID, (off_t) gdssize-3, SEEK_CUR);
	      if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("gdssize     = %d", gdssize);
	    }
	  
	  if ( flag & 64 )
	    {
	      b1 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b2 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b3 = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
	      bmssize = (b1 << 16) + (b2 << 8) + b3;
	      fileSetPos(fileID, (off_t) bmssize-3, SEEK_CUR);
	      if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("bmssize     = %d", bmssize);
	    }

	  b1 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b2 = filePtrGetc(fileptr); b3 = filePtrGetc(fileptr);
	  bdssize = (b1 << 16) + (b2 << 8) + b3;
	  bdssize = correct_bdslen(bdssize, gribsize, issize+pdssize+gdssize+bmssize);
	  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("bdssize     = %d", bdssize);

	  gribsize = issize+pdssize+gdssize+bmssize+bdssize+essize;
	}
    }
  else if ( gribversion == 2 )
    {
      int i;
      /* we set gribsize the following way because it doesn't matter then
	 whether int is 4 or 8 bytes long - we don't have to care if the size
	 really fits: if it does not, the record can not be read at all */
      gribsize = 0;
      for ( i = 0; i < 8; i++ ) gribsize = (gribsize << 8) | filePtrGetc(fileptr);
    }
  else
    {
      gribsize = 0;
      Warning("GRIB version %d unsupported!", gribversion);
    }

  if ( filePtrEOF(fileptr) ) gribsize = 0;

  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
    Message("gribsize    = %d", gribsize);

  fileSetPos(fileID, pos, SEEK_SET);

  return (gribsize);
}


int gribGetSize(int fileID)
{
  int recsize;
  long offset;
  int ierr;

  ierr = gribFileSeek(fileID, &offset); /* position file pointer after GRIB */
  if ( ierr > 0 )
    {
      Warning("GRIB record not found!");
      return (0);
    }

  if ( ierr == -1 )
    return (0);
  else if ( ierr == 1 )
    return (0);

  recsize = gribReadSize(fileID);

  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug ) Message("recsize = %d", recsize);

  fileSetPos(fileID, (off_t) -4, SEEK_CUR);

  return (recsize);
}


int gribRead(int fileID, unsigned char *buffer, size_t *buffersize)
{
  long offset;
  int ierr = 0;
  size_t nread, recsize, recsize0;

  ierr = gribFileSeek(fileID, &offset); /* position file pointer after GRIB */
  if ( ierr > 0 )
    {
      Warning("GRIB record not found!");
      return (-2);
    }

  if ( ierr == -1 )
    {
      *buffersize = 0;
      return (-1);
    }
  else if ( ierr == 1 )
    {
      *buffersize = 0;
      return (-2);
    }

  recsize = gribReadSize(fileID);

  buffer[0] = 'G';
  buffer[1] = 'R';
  buffer[2] = 'I';
  buffer[3] = 'B';

  recsize0 = recsize;

  if ( recsize > *buffersize )
    {
      recsize = *buffersize;
      ierr = -3;
    }

  *buffersize = recsize0;

  nread = fileRead(fileID, &buffer[4], recsize-4);

  if ( nread != recsize-4 ) ierr = 1;

  return (ierr);
}


int gribWrite(int fileID, unsigned char *buffer, size_t buffersize)
{
  int  nwrite = 0;

  if( (nwrite = fileWrite(fileID, buffer, buffersize)) != (int) buffersize )
    {
      perror(__func__);
      nwrite = -1;
    }

  return ((int) nwrite);
}


int gribrec_len(int b1, int b2, int b3)
{
  int gribsize;

  gribsize = (1-(int) ((unsigned) (b1&128) >> 6)) * (int) (((b1&127) << 16)+(b2<<8) + b3);
  /*
    If count is negative, have to rescale by factor of -120.
    This is a fixup to get round the restriction on product lengths
    due to the count being only 24 bits. It is only possible because
    the (default) rounding for GRIB products is 120 bytes.
  */
  if ( gribsize < 0 ) gribsize *= (-120);

  return (gribsize);
}

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>


FILE *grprsm = NULL;
double fref;
double fmaxval;
int nfref;
int nfmaxval;
int nrnd;
int ndbg;
int nvck;
int nonoff;
int noabort;
int num2ok;
int next2o;
int nloc2o;
int nsubce;
int grib_calendar = -1;


void gribSetCalendar(int calendar)
{
  grib_calendar = calendar;
}


void grsdef(void)
{
  /*
C---->
C**** GRSDEF - Initial (default) setting of common area variables
C              for GRIBEX package.
C
C     Purpose.
C     --------
C
C     Sets initial values for common area variables for all
C     routines of GRIBEX package, if not already done.
C
C**   Interface.
C     ----------
C
C     CALL GRSDEF
C
C     Input Parameters.
C     -----------------
C
C     None.
C
C     Output Parameters.
C     ------------------
C
C     None.
C
C     Method.
C     -------
C
C     Self-explanatory.
C
C     Externals.
C     ----------
C
C     None.
C
C     Reference.
C     ----------
C
C     See subroutine GRIBEX.
C
C     Comments.
C     ---------
C
C     None
C
C     Author.
C     -------
C
C     J. Clochard, Meteo France, for ECMWF - March 1998.
C
C     Modifications.
C     --------------
C
C     J. Clochard, Meteo France, for ECMWF - June 1999.
C     Add variable NSUBCE.
C     Use a static variable to determine if initialisation has already
C     been done. NUSER removed .
C     Reverse defaults for NEXT2O and NLOC2O, for consistency with
C     version 13.023 of software .
C
  */
  /*
C     ----------------------------------------------------------------
C*    Section 0 . Definition of variables.
C     ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  char *envString;
  char *env_stream;
  static int lfirst = TRUE;
  extern int CGRIBEX_Const;

  if ( ! lfirst ) return;

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 1 . Set values, conditionally.
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  /*
    Common area variables have not been set. Set them.
    
    User supplied reference value.
  */
  fref   = 0.0;
  /*
    Reference value supplied by user flag. Set to off.
  */
  nfref  = 0;
  /*
    User supplied maximum value.
  */
  fmaxval   = 0.0;
  /*
    Maximum value supplied by user flag. Set to off.
  */
  nfmaxval  = 0;
  /*
    Set rounding to 120 bytes on.
  */
  nrnd   = 1;
  /*
    Set GRIB calendar.
  */
  if ( grib_calendar == -1 )
    {
      grib_calendar = CALENDAR_PROLEPTIC;
  
      envString = getenv("GRIB_CALENDAR");
      if ( envString )
	{
	  if      ( strncmp(envString, "standard", 8) == 0 )
	    grib_calendar = CALENDAR_STANDARD;
	  else if ( strncmp(envString, "proleptic", 9) == 0 )
	    grib_calendar = CALENDAR_PROLEPTIC;
	  else if ( strncmp(envString, "360days", 7) == 0 )
	    grib_calendar = CALENDAR_360DAYS;
	  else if ( strncmp(envString, "365days", 7) == 0 )
	    grib_calendar = CALENDAR_365DAYS;
	  else if ( strncmp(envString, "366days", 7) == 0 )
	    grib_calendar = CALENDAR_366DAYS;
	  else if ( strncmp(envString, "none", 4) == 0 )
	    grib_calendar = CALENDAR_NONE;
	}
    }
  /*
    Set debug print off.
  */
  ndbg   = 0;
  
  envString = getenv("GRIBEX_DEBUG");
  if ( envString != NULL )
    {
      if ( !strncmp(envString, "ON", 2) )
        ndbg = 1;
      else if( *envString == '1')
        ndbg = 1;
      else if( *envString == '2')
        ndbg = 2;
      else
        ndbg = 0;
    }
  /*
    Set GRIBEX compatibility mode.
  */
  envString = getenv("GRIB_GRIBEX_MODE_ON");
  if ( envString != NULL )
    {
      if ( atoi(envString) == 1 ) CGRIBEX_Const = 0;
    }

  /*
    Set GRIB value checking on.
  */
  nvck   = 1;
  
  envString = getenv("GRIBEX_CHECK");
  if ( envString )
    {
      if ( !strncmp(envString, "OFF", 3) )
        nvck = 0;
      else
        nvck = 1;
    }
  /*
    See if output stream needs changing
  */
  grprsm = stdout;
  env_stream = getenv("GRPRS_STREAM");
  if ( env_stream )
    {
      if ( isdigit((int) env_stream[0]) )
	{
	  int unit;
	  unit = atoi(env_stream);
	  if ( unit < 1 || unit > 99 )
	    Warning("Invalid number for GRPRS_STREAM: %d", unit);
	  else if ( unit == 2 )
	    grprsm = stderr;
	  else if ( unit == 6 )
	    grprsm = stdout;
	  else
	    {
	      char filename[] = "unit.00";
	      sprintf(filename, "%2.2d", unit);
	      grprsm = fopen(filename, "w");
	      if ( ! grprsm )
		SysError("GRPRS_STREAM = %d", unit);
	    }
	}
      else
	{
	  if ( env_stream[0] )
	    {
	      grprsm = fopen(env_stream, "w");
	      if ( ! grprsm )
		SysError("GRPRS_STREAM = %s", env_stream);
	    }
	}
    }
  /*
    Set P factor switch to default, user supplies the P factor.
  */
  nonoff = 0;
  /*
    Set abort flag to NO abort
  */
  noabort = 1;
  /*
    Mark common area values set by user.
  */
  lfirst = FALSE;
  /*
    Exhaustive use of all possible second-order packing methods
    for HOPER='K'. Set to off.
  */
  num2ok  = 0;
  /*
    Use of extended second-order packing methods for grid-point
    encoding (HOPER='C' and 'K'). Set to on.
  */
  next2o  = 1;
  /*
    Use of non-local second-order packing methods for grid-point
    encoding (HOPER='C' and 'K'). Set to on.
  */
  nloc2o  = 1;
  /*
    Use of (all valid) sub-centre values for ECMWF fields encoding .
    encoding. Set to off.
  */
  nsubce  = 0;
}

/* pack 8-bit bytes from 64-bit words to a packed buffer */
/* same as : for ( int i = 0; i < bc; ++i ) cp[i] = (unsigned char) up[i]; */

long packInt64(unsigned INT64 *up, unsigned char *cp, long bc, long tc)
{
#if defined (CRAY)
  (void) _pack(up, cp, bc, tc);
#else
  U_BYTEORDER;
  unsigned char *cp0;
  unsigned INT64 upi, *up0, *ip0, *ip1, *ip2, *ip3, *ip4, *ip5, *ip6, *ip7;
  long head, trail, inner, i, j;
  long ipack = sizeof(INT64);
  
  /* Bytes until first word boundary in destination buffer */

  head = ( (long) cp ) & (ipack-1);
  if ( head != 0 ) head = ipack - head;

  inner = bc - head;

  /* Trailing bytes which do not make a full word */

  trail = inner & (ipack-1);

  /* Number of bytes/words to be processed in fast loop */

  inner -= trail;
  inner /= ipack;

  ip0 = up + head;
  ip1 = ip0 + 1;
  ip2 = ip0 + 2;
  ip3 = ip0 + 3;
  ip4 = ip0 + 4;
  ip5 = ip0 + 5;
  ip6 = ip0 + 6;
  ip7 = ip0 + 7;

  up0 = (unsigned INT64 *) (cp + head);

  /* Here we should process any bytes until the first word boundary 
   * of our destination buffer 
   * That code is missing so far  because our output buffer is 
   * word aligned by FORTRAN 
   */

  j = 0;

  if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
    {
#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
      for ( i = 0 ; i < inner ; i++ )
	{
	  upi =             (   ip0[j]          << 56 ) 
	                 |  ( ( ip1[j] & 0xFF ) << 48 )
	                 |  ( ( ip2[j] & 0xFF ) << 40 )
	                 |  ( ( ip3[j] & 0xFF ) << 32 )
	                 |  ( ( ip4[j] & 0xFF ) << 24 ) ;
	  up0[i] = upi   |  ( ( ip5[j] & 0xFF ) << 16 )
	                 |  ( ( ip6[j] & 0xFF ) <<  8 )
	                 |    ( ip7[j] & 0xFF ) ;
	  j += ipack;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      for ( i = 0 ; i < inner ; i++ )
	{
	  upi =             (   ip7[j]          << 56 ) 
	                 |  ( ( ip6[j] & 0xFF ) << 48 )
                         |  ( ( ip5[j] & 0xFF ) << 40 )
                         |  ( ( ip4[j] & 0xFF ) << 32 )
                         |  ( ( ip3[j] & 0xFF ) << 24 ) ;
	  up0[i] = upi   |  ( ( ip2[j] & 0xFF ) << 16 )
                         |  ( ( ip1[j] & 0xFF ) <<  8 )
                         |    ( ip0[j] & 0xFF ) ;
	  j += ipack;
	}
    }

  cp0 = (unsigned char *) ( up0 + inner );
  if ( trail > 0 )
    {
      up0[inner] = 0;
      for ( i = 0 ; i < trail ; i ++ )
	{
	  *cp0 = (unsigned char) ip0[ipack*inner+i];
	  cp0++;
	}
    }

  if ( tc != -1 )
    {
      bc++;
      *cp0 = (unsigned char) tc;
    }
#endif
  return (bc);
}

/* unpack 8-bit bytes from a packed buffer with 64-bit words */
/* same as : for ( int i = 0; i < bc; ++i ) up[i] = (INT64) cp[i]; */

long unpackInt64(const unsigned char *cp, unsigned INT64 *up, long bc, long tc)
{
  U_BYTEORDER;
  const unsigned char *cp0;
  unsigned INT64 *up0;
  unsigned INT64 *ip0, *ip1, *ip2, *ip3, *ip4, *ip5, *ip6, *ip7;
  long head, trail, inner, i, j;
  long offset;
  long ipack = sizeof(INT64);

  UNUSED(tc);

  /* Bytes until first word boundary in source buffer */

  head = ( (long) cp ) & (ipack-1);
  if ( head != 0 ) head = ipack - head;
  if ( head > bc ) head = bc;

  inner = bc - head;

  /* Trailing bytes which do not make a full word */
 
  trail = inner & (ipack-1);
 
  /* Number of bytes/words to be processed in fast loop */

  inner -= trail;
  inner /= ipack;

  ip0 = up + head;
  ip1 = ip0 + 1;
  ip2 = ip0 + 2;
  ip3 = ip0 + 3;
  ip4 = ip0 + 4;
  ip5 = ip0 + 5;
  ip6 = ip0 + 6;
  ip7 = ip0 + 7;

  up0 = (unsigned INT64 *) (cp + head);

  /* Process any bytes until the first word boundary 
   * of our source buffer 
   */
  for ( i = 0 ; i < head ; i++ ) up[i] = (unsigned INT64) cp[i];

  j = 0;

  if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
    {
#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
      for ( i = 0 ; i < inner ; i++ )
	{
	  ip0[j] = (up0[i] >> 56) & 0xFF;
	  ip1[j] = (up0[i] >> 48) & 0xFF;
	  ip2[j] = (up0[i] >> 40) & 0xFF;
	  ip3[j] = (up0[i] >> 32) & 0xFF;
	  ip4[j] = (up0[i] >> 24) & 0xFF;
	  ip5[j] = (up0[i] >> 16) & 0xFF;
	  ip6[j] = (up0[i] >>  8) & 0xFF;
	  ip7[j] = (up0[i])       & 0xFF;

	  j += ipack;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      for ( i = 0 ; i < inner ; i++ )
	{
	  ip7[j] = (up0[i] >> 56) & 0xFF;
	  ip6[j] = (up0[i] >> 48) & 0xFF;
	  ip5[j] = (up0[i] >> 40) & 0xFF;
	  ip4[j] = (up0[i] >> 32) & 0xFF;
	  ip3[j] = (up0[i] >> 24) & 0xFF;
	  ip2[j] = (up0[i] >> 16) & 0xFF;
	  ip1[j] = (up0[i] >>  8) & 0xFF;
	  ip0[j] = (up0[i])       & 0xFF;

	  j += ipack;
	}
    }

  if ( trail > 0 )
    {
      offset = head + ipack*inner;
      cp0 = cp + offset;
      for ( i = 0 ; i < trail ; i++ ) up[i+offset] = (unsigned INT64) cp0[i];
    }
  /*
  if ( tc != -1 ) {
    bc++;
    *cp0 = (unsigned char) tc;
  }
  */
  return (bc);
}

/* pack 8-bit bytes from 32-bit words to a packed buffer */
/* same as : for ( int i = 0; i < bc; ++i ) cp[i] = (char) up[i]; */

#if  defined  (INT32)
long packInt32(unsigned INT32 *up, unsigned char *cp, long bc, long tc)
{
  U_BYTEORDER;
  unsigned char *cp0;
  unsigned INT32 *up0, *ip0, *ip1, *ip2, *ip3;
  long head, trail, inner, i, j;
  long ipack = sizeof(INT32);
  
  /* Bytes until first word boundary in destination buffer */

  head = ( (long) cp ) & (ipack-1);
  if ( head != 0 ) head = ipack - head;

  inner = bc - head;

  /* Trailing bytes which do not make a full word */

  trail = inner & (ipack-1);

  /* Number of bytes/words to be processed in fast loop */

  inner -= trail;
  inner /= ipack;

  ip0 = up + head;
  ip1 = ip0 + 1;
  ip2 = ip0 + 2;
  ip3 = ip0 + 3;

  up0 = (unsigned INT32 *) (cp + head);

  /* Here we should process any bytes until the first word boundary 
   * of our destination buffer 
   * That code is missing so far  because our output buffer is 
   * word aligned by FORTRAN 
   */

  j = 0;

  if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
    {
#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
      for ( i = 0 ; i < inner ; i++ )
	{
	  up0[i] =          (   ip0[j]          << 24 ) 
	                 |  ( ( ip1[j] & 0xFF ) << 16 )
	                 |  ( ( ip2[j] & 0xFF ) <<  8 )
	                 |    ( ip3[j] & 0xFF ) ;
	  j += ipack;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      for ( i = 0 ; i < inner ; i++ )
	{
	  up0[i] =          (   ip3[j]          << 24 ) 
	                 |  ( ( ip2[j] & 0xFF ) << 16 )
                         |  ( ( ip1[j] & 0xFF ) <<  8 )
                         |    ( ip0[j] & 0xFF ) ;
	  j += ipack;
	}
    }

  cp0 = (unsigned char *) ( up0 + inner );
  if ( trail > 0 )
    {
      up0[inner] = 0;
      for ( i = 0 ; i < trail ; i ++ )
	{
	  *cp0 = (unsigned char) ip0[ipack*inner+i];
	  cp0++;
	}
    }

  if ( tc != -1 )
    {
      bc++;
      *cp0 = (unsigned char) tc;
    }

  return (bc);
}
#endif

/* unpack 8-bit bytes from a packed buffer with 32-bit words */
/* same as : for ( int i = 0; i < bc; ++i ) up[i] = (INT32) cp[i]; */

#if  defined  (INT32)
long unpackInt32(const unsigned char *cp, unsigned INT32 *up, long bc, long tc)
{
  U_BYTEORDER;
  const unsigned char *cp0;
  unsigned INT32 *up0;
  unsigned INT32 *ip0, *ip1, *ip2, *ip3;
  long head, trail, inner, i, j;
  long offset;
  long ipack = sizeof(INT32);

  UNUSED(tc);

  /* Bytes until first word boundary in source buffer */

  head = ( (long) cp ) & (ipack-1);
  if ( head != 0 ) head = ipack - head;
  if ( head > bc ) head = bc;

  inner = bc - head;

  /* Trailing bytes which do not make a full word */
 
  trail = inner & (ipack-1);
 
  /* Number of bytes/words to be processed in fast loop */

  inner -= trail;
  inner /= ipack;

  ip0 = up + head;
  ip1 = ip0 + 1;
  ip2 = ip0 + 2;
  ip3 = ip0 + 3;

  up0 = (unsigned INT32 *) (cp + head);

  /* Process any bytes until the first word boundary 
   * of our source buffer 
   */
  for ( i = 0 ; i < head ; i++ ) up[i] = (unsigned INT32) cp[i];

  j = 0;

  if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
    {
#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
      for ( i = 0 ; i < inner ; i++ )
	{
	  ip0[j] = (up0[i] >> 24) & 0xFF;
	  ip1[j] = (up0[i] >> 16) & 0xFF;
	  ip2[j] = (up0[i] >>  8) & 0xFF;
	  ip3[j] = (up0[i])       & 0xFF;

	  j += ipack;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      for ( i = 0 ; i < inner ; i++ )
	{
	  ip3[j] = (up0[i] >> 24) & 0xFF;
	  ip2[j] = (up0[i] >> 16) & 0xFF;
	  ip1[j] = (up0[i] >>  8) & 0xFF;
	  ip0[j] = (up0[i])       & 0xFF;

	  j += ipack;
	}
    }

  if ( trail > 0 )
    {
      offset = head + ipack*inner;
      cp0 = cp + offset;
      for ( i = 0 ; i < trail ; i++ ) up[i+offset] = (unsigned INT32) cp0[i];
    }
  /*
  if ( tc != -1 ) {
    bc++;
    *cp0 = (unsigned char) tc;
  }
  */

  return (bc);
}
#endif
#include <stdio.h>

void prtbin(int kin, int knbit, int *kout, int *kerr)
{
  /*

    Produces a decimal number with ones and zeroes
    corresponding to the ones and zeroes of the input
    binary number.
    eg input number 1011 binary, output number 1011 decimal.


    Input Parameters:
    
       kin   - Integer variable containing binary number.

       knbit - Number of bits in binary number.

    Output Parameters:

       kout  - Integer variable containing decimal value
               with ones and zeroes corresponding to those of
	       the input binary number.

       kerr  - 0, If no error.
               1, Number of bits in binary number exceeds
	          maximum allowed or is less than 1.


    Converted from EMOS routine PRTBIN.

       Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

  */
  int idec;
  int ik;
  int itemp;
  int j;

  /*
    Check length of binary number to ensure decimal number
    generated will fit in the computer word - in this case will
    it fit in a Cray 48 bit integer?
  */
  if ( knbit < 1 || knbit > 14 )
    {
      *kerr = 1;
      printf(" prtbin : Error in binary number length - %3d bits.\n", knbit);
      return;
    }
  else
    *kerr = 0;
  /*
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 1. Generate required number.
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  *kout = 0;
  ik    = kin;
  idec  = 1;

  for ( j = 0; j < knbit; j++ )
    {
      itemp = ik - ( (ik/2)*2 );
      *kout = (*kout) + itemp * idec;
      ik    = ik / 2;
      idec  = idec * 10;
    }

  return;
}


void ref2ibm(double *pref, int kbits)
{
  /*

    Purpose:
    --------

    Code and check reference value in IBM format

    Input Parameters:
    -----------------

    pref       - Reference value
    kbits      - Number of bits per computer word.

    Output Parameters:
    ------------------

    pref       - Reference value

    Method:
    -------

    Codes in IBM format, then decides to ensure that reference 
    value used for packing is not different from that stored
    because of packing differences.

    Externals.
    ----------

    confp3    - Encode into IBM floating point format.
    decfp2    - Decode from IBM floating point format.

    Reference:
    ----------

    None.

    Comments:
    --------

    None.

    Author:
    -------

    J.D.Chambers     ECMWF      17:05:94

    Modifications:
    --------------

    Uwe Schulzweida   MPIfM   01/04/2001

    Convert to C from EMOS library version 130

  */

  static int itrnd;
  static int kexp, kmant;
  static double ztemp, zdumm;
  extern int CGRIBEX_Debug;

  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /*   Section 1. Convert to and from IBM format.                      */
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

  /*  Convert floating point reference value to IBM representation. */

  itrnd = 1;
  zdumm = ztemp = *pref;
  confp3(zdumm, &kexp, &kmant, kbits, itrnd);

  if ( kexp == 0 && kmant == 0 ) return;

  /*  Set reference value to that actually stored in the GRIB code. */

  *pref = decfp2(kexp, kmant);

  /*  If the nearest number which can be represented in */
  /*  GRIB format is greater than the reference value,  */
  /*  find the nearest number in GRIB format lower      */
  /*  than the reference value.                         */

  if ( ztemp < *pref )
    {
      /*  Convert floating point to GRIB representation */
      /*  using truncation to ensure that the converted */
      /*  number is smaller than the original one.      */

      itrnd = 0;
      zdumm = *pref = ztemp;
      confp3(zdumm, &kexp, &kmant, kbits, itrnd);

      /*  Set reference value to that stored in the GRIB code. */

      *pref = decfp2(kexp, kmant);

      if ( ztemp < *pref )
	{
	  if ( CGRIBEX_Debug )
	    {
	      Message("Reference value error.");
	      Message("Notify Met.Applications Section.");
	      Message("ZTEMP = ", ztemp);
	      Message("PREF = ", pref);
	    }
	  *pref = ztemp;
	}
    }

  return;
} /* ref2ibm */
#include <string.h>


int correct_bdslen(int bdslen, long recsize, long gribpos)
{
  /*
    If a very large product, the section 4 length field holds
    the number of bytes in the product after section 4 upto
    the end of the padding bytes.
    This is a fixup to get round the restriction on product lengths
    due to the count being only 24 bits. It is only possible because
    the (default) rounding for GRIB products is 120 bytes.
  */
  if ( recsize > JP23SET ) bdslen = recsize - gribpos - bdslen;
  return (bdslen);
}


int grib1Sections(unsigned char *gribbuffer, long bufsize, unsigned char **pdsp,
		  unsigned char **gdsp, unsigned char **bmsp, unsigned char **bdsp)
{
  unsigned char *pds, *gds, *bms, *bds;
  unsigned char *bufpointer, *is, *section;
  int gribversion, grib1offset;
  long gribsize = 0, recsize;
  int bdslen;

  section = gribbuffer;
  is = gribbuffer;
  if ( ! GRIB_START(section) )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "Wrong indicator section >%c%c%c%c<\n",
	      section[0], section[1], section[2], section[3]);
      return (-1);
    }

  recsize = gribrec_len(section[4], section[5], section[6]);

  gribversion = GRIB_EDITION(section);
  if ( GRIB1_SECLEN(section) == 24 && gribversion == 0 ) gribversion = 0;

  if ( gribversion == 1 )
    grib1offset = 4;
  else
    grib1offset = 0;

  pds = is + 4 + grib1offset;
  bufpointer = pds + PDS_Len;
  gribsize += 4 + grib1offset + PDS_Len;

  if ( PDS_HAS_GDS )
    {
      gds = bufpointer;
      bufpointer += GDS_Len;
      gribsize += GDS_Len;
    }
  else
    {
      gds = NULL;
    }

  if ( PDS_HAS_BMS )
    {
      bms = bufpointer;
      bufpointer += BMS_Len;
      gribsize += BMS_Len;
    }
  else
    {
      bms = NULL;
    }

  bds = bufpointer;
  bdslen = BDS_Len;
  bdslen = correct_bdslen(bdslen, recsize, gribsize);
  bufpointer += bdslen;
  gribsize += bdslen;
  gribsize += 4;

  if ( gribsize > bufsize )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "GRIB buffer size %ld too small! Min size = %ld\n", bufsize, gribsize);
      return (1);
    }

  *pdsp = pds;
  *gdsp = gds;
  *bmsp = bms;
  *bdsp = bds;

  /* end section - "7777" in ascii */
  if ( !GRIB_FIN(bufpointer) )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "Missing end section >%2x %2x %2x %2x<\n",
	      bufpointer[0], bufpointer[1], bufpointer[2], bufpointer[3]);
      return (-2);
    }

  return (0);
}


int grib2Sections(unsigned char *gribbuffer, long bufsize, unsigned char **idsp,
		  unsigned char **lusp, unsigned char **gdsp, unsigned char **pdsp,
		  unsigned char **drsp, unsigned char **bmsp, unsigned char **bdsp)
{
  unsigned char *section;
  long sec_len;
  int sec_num;
  int gribversion;
  int i, msec;
  long gribsize;
  long grib_len = 0;

  UNUSED(bufsize);

  *idsp = NULL;
  *lusp = NULL;
  *gdsp = NULL;
  *pdsp = NULL;
  *drsp = NULL;
  *bmsp = NULL;
  *bdsp = NULL;

  section = gribbuffer;
  sec_len = 16;

  if ( !GRIB_START(section) )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "wrong indicator section >%c%c%c%c<\n",
	      section[0], section[1], section[2], section[3]);
      return (-1);
    }

  gribversion = GRIB_EDITION(section);
  if ( gribversion != 2 )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "wrong GRIB version %d\n", gribversion);
      return (-1);      
    }

  gribsize = 0;
  for ( i = 0; i < 8; i++ ) gribsize = (gribsize << 8) | section[8+i];

  grib_len += sec_len;
  section  += sec_len;

  /* section 1 */
  sec_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(section);
  sec_num = GRIB2_SECNUM(section);
  //fprintf(stderr, "ids %d %ld\n", sec_num, sec_len);

  if ( sec_num != 1 )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected section1 number %d\n", sec_num);
      return (-1);
    }

  *idsp = section;

  grib_len += sec_len;
  section  += sec_len;

  /* section 2 and 3 */
  sec_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(section);
  sec_num = GRIB2_SECNUM(section);
  //fprintf(stderr, "lus %d %ld\n", sec_num, sec_len);

  if ( sec_num == 2 )
    {
      *lusp = section;

      grib_len += sec_len;
      section  += sec_len;

      /* section 3 */
      sec_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(section);
      sec_num = GRIB2_SECNUM(section);
      //fprintf(stderr, "gds %d %ld\n", sec_num, sec_len);

      *gdsp = section;
    }
  else if ( sec_num == 3 )
    {
      *gdsp = section;
    }
  else
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected section3 number %d\n", sec_num);
      return (-1);
    }

  grib_len += sec_len;
  section  += sec_len;

  /* section 4 */
  sec_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(section);
  sec_num = GRIB2_SECNUM(section);
  //fprintf(stderr, "pds %d %ld\n", sec_num, sec_len);

  if ( sec_num != 4 )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected section4 number %d\n", sec_num);
      return (-1);
    }

  *pdsp = section;

  grib_len += sec_len;
  section  += sec_len;

  /* section 5 */
  sec_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(section);
  sec_num = GRIB2_SECNUM(section);
  //fprintf(stderr, "drs %d %ld\n", sec_num, sec_len);

  if ( sec_num != 5 )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected section5 number %d\n", sec_num);
      return (-1);
    }

  *drsp = section;

  grib_len += sec_len;
  section  += sec_len;

  /* section 6 */
  sec_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(section);
  sec_num = GRIB2_SECNUM(section);
  //fprintf(stderr, "bms %d %ld\n", sec_num, sec_len);

  if ( sec_num != 6 )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected section6 number %d\n", sec_num);
      return (-1);
    }

  *bmsp = section;

  grib_len += sec_len;
  section  += sec_len;

  /* section 7 */
  sec_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(section);
  sec_num = GRIB2_SECNUM(section);
  //fprintf(stderr, "bds %d %ld\n", sec_num, sec_len);

  if ( sec_num != 7 )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected section7 number %d\n", sec_num);
      return (-1);
    }

  *bdsp = section;

  grib_len += sec_len;
  section  += sec_len;

  /* skip multi GRIB sections */
  msec = 1;
  while ( !GRIB_FIN(section) )
    {
      sec_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(section);
      sec_num = GRIB2_SECNUM(section);

      if ( sec_num < 1 || sec_num > 7 ) break;

      if ( sec_num == 7 )
	fprintf(stderr, "Skipped unsupported multi GRIB section %d!\n", ++msec);

      if ( (grib_len + sec_len) > gribsize ) break;

      grib_len += sec_len;
      section  += sec_len;
    }

  /* end section - "7777" in ASCII */
  if ( !GRIB_FIN(section) )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "Missing end section >%2x %2x %2x %2x<\n",
	      section[0], section[1], section[2], section[3]);
      return (-2);
    }

  return (0);
}


int gribGinfo(off_t recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer,
	      int *intnum, float *fltnum, off_t *bignum)
{
  unsigned char *pds, *gds, *bms, *bds;
  unsigned char *bufpointer, *is, *section;
  int gribversion, grib1offset;
  long gribsize = 0;
  off_t dpos, bpos = 0;
  int bdslen;
  float bsf;

  section = gribbuffer;
  is = gribbuffer;
  if ( ! GRIB_START(section) )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "wrong indicator section >%c%c%c%c<\n",
	      section[0], section[1], section[2], section[3]);
      return (-1);
    }

  gribversion = GRIB_EDITION(section);
  if ( GRIB1_SECLEN(section) == 24 && gribversion == 0 ) gribversion = 0;

  if ( gribversion == 1 )
    grib1offset = 4;
  else
    grib1offset = 0;

  pds = is + 4 + grib1offset;
  bufpointer = pds + PDS_Len;
  gribsize += 4 + grib1offset + PDS_Len;

  if ( PDS_HAS_GDS )
    {
      gds = bufpointer;
      bufpointer += GDS_Len;
      gribsize += GDS_Len;
    }
  else
    {
      gds = NULL;
    }

  if ( PDS_HAS_BMS )
    {
      bms = bufpointer;
      bufpointer += BMS_Len;

      bpos = recpos + gribsize + 6;

      gribsize += BMS_Len;
    }
  else
    {
      bms = NULL;
    }

  bds = bufpointer;

  dpos = recpos + gribsize + 11;

  bdslen = BDS_Len;
  bdslen = correct_bdslen(bdslen, recsize, bds-gribbuffer);
  bufpointer += bdslen;
  gribsize += bdslen;
  gribsize += 4;

  if ( gribsize > recsize )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "GRIB buffer size %ld too small! Min size = %ld\n", recsize, gribsize);
      return (1);
    }

  /* end section - "7777" in ascii */
  if ( !GRIB_FIN(bufpointer) )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, "Missing end section >%2x %2x %2x %2x<\n",
	      bufpointer[0], bufpointer[1], bufpointer[2], bufpointer[3]);
    }

  bsf = BDS_BinScale;
  if ( bsf > 32767 ) bsf = 32768-bsf;
  bsf = pow(2.0,(double)bsf);

  bignum[0] = dpos;
  if ( bms ) bignum[1] = bpos;
  else       bignum[1] = -999;
  intnum[0] = BDS_NumBits;

  /*  fltnum[0] = 1.0; */
  fltnum[0] = pow(10.0, (double)PDS_DecimalScale);
  fltnum[1] = bsf;
  fltnum[2] = BDS_RefValue;
  /*
  printf("intnum %d %d %d\n", intnum[0], intnum[1], intnum[2]);
  printf("fltnum %g %g %g\n", fltnum[0], fltnum[1], fltnum[2]);
  */
  return (0);
}


void grib1PrintALL(int nrec, long offset, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  static int header = 1;
  int GridType, level, nerr;
  unsigned char *is = NULL, *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  double cr = 1;
  int bdslen;

  if ( header )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, 
      "  Rec : Off Position   Size : V PDS  GDS    BMS    BDS : Code Level :  LType GType: CR\n");
/*     ----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+ */
      header = 0;
    }

  is = gribbuffer;

  nerr = grib1Sections(gribbuffer, recsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4ld %8ld %6ld : error\n", nrec, offset, recpos, recsize);
      return;
    }

  if ( gds == NULL )
    GridType = -1;
  else
    GridType = GDS_GridType;

  if ( PDS_LevelType == 100 )
    level = PDS_Level * 100;
  else if ( PDS_LevelType == 99 )
    level = PDS_Level;
  else if ( PDS_LevelType == 109 )
    level = PDS_Level;
  else
    level = PDS_Level1;

  bdslen = BDS_Len;
  bdslen = correct_bdslen(bdslen, recsize, bds-gribbuffer);

  if ( ((BDS_Flag >> 4)&1) && (BDS_Z == 128 || BDS_Z == 130) )
    {
      int s1, s2;
      s1 = gribrec_len(bds[14], bds[15], bds[16]);
      s2 = gribrec_len(gribbuffer[4], gribbuffer[5], gribbuffer[6]);
      cr = ((double)s1)/s2;
    }

  fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4ld %8ld %6ld :%2d%4d%5d%7d%7d : %3d%7d : %5d %5d %6.4g\n",
	  nrec, offset, recpos, recsize, GRIB_EDITION(is),
	  PDS_Len, GDS_Len, BMS_Len, bdslen,
	  PDS_Parameter, level, PDS_LevelType, GridType, cr);
}


void grib2PrintALL(int nrec, long offset, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  static int header = 1;
  int nerr;
  unsigned char *is  = NULL, *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  unsigned char *ids = NULL, *lus = NULL, *drs = NULL;
  long ids_len = 0, lus_len = 0, gds_len = 0, pds_len = 0, drs_len = 0, bms_len = 0, bds_len = 0;
  int gridtype, paramnum, level1type /*, level2type*/;
  int level1 /*, level1sf*/;
  /* int level2, level2sf; */
  double cr = 1;

  if ( header )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, 
      "  Rec : Off Position   Size : V IDS LUS GDS PDS  DRS    BMS    BDS : Code Level :  LType GType: CR\n");
/*     ----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+ */
      header = 0;
    }

  is = gribbuffer;

  nerr = grib2Sections(gribbuffer, recsize, &ids, &lus, &gds, &pds, &drs, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4ld %8ld %6ld : error\n", nrec, offset, recpos, recsize);
      return;
    }

  if ( ids ) ids_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(ids);
  if ( lus ) lus_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(lus);
  if ( gds ) gds_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(gds);
  if ( pds ) pds_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(pds);
  if ( drs ) drs_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(drs);
  if ( bms ) bms_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(bms);
  if ( bds ) bds_len = GRIB2_SECLEN(bds);

  /*
  if ( (BDS_Flag >> 4)&1 && BDS_Z == 128 )
    {
      int s1, s2;
      s1 = ((int) ((bds[14]<<16)+(bds[15]<<8)+bds[16]));
      s2 = ((int) ((gribbuffer[4]<<16)+(gribbuffer[5]<<8)+gribbuffer[6]));
      cr = ((double)s1)/s2;
    }
  */
  gridtype   = GET_UINT2(gds[12],gds[13]);
  paramnum   = GET_UINT1(pds[10]);
  level1type = GET_UINT1(pds[22]);
  /* level1sf   = GET_UINT1(pds[23]); */
  level1     = GET_UINT4(pds[24],pds[25],pds[26],pds[27]);
  /* level2type = GET_UINT1(pds[28]); */
  /* level2sf   = GET_UINT1(pds[29]); */
  /* level2     = GET_UINT4(pds[30],pds[31],pds[32],pds[33]); */
  /*
  printf("level %d %d %d %d %d %d %d\n", level1type, level1sf, level1, level1*level1sf, level2sf, level2, level2*level2sf);
  */
  fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4ld %8ld %6ld :%2d %3ld %3ld %3ld %3ld %4ld %6ld %6ld : %3d%7d : %5d %5d %6.4g\n",
	  nrec, offset, recpos, recsize, GRIB_EDITION(is),
	  ids_len, lus_len, gds_len, pds_len, drs_len, bms_len, bds_len,
	  paramnum, level1, level1type, gridtype, cr);
}


void gribPrintALL(int nrec, long offset, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  int gribversion;

  gribversion = gribVersion(gribbuffer, recsize);

  if ( gribversion == 0 || gribversion == 1 )
    grib1PrintALL(nrec, offset, recpos, recsize, gribbuffer);
  else if ( gribversion == 2 )
    grib2PrintALL(nrec, offset, recpos, recsize, gribbuffer);
  else
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4ld%9ld%7ld : GRIB version %d unsupported\n",
	      nrec, offset, recpos, recsize, gribversion); 
    }
}


void grib1PrintPDS(int nrec, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  static int header = 1;
  unsigned char *is = NULL, *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  int century, subcenter, decimalscale, nerr;
  int fc_num = 0;
  int year = 0, date;

  UNUSED(recpos);

  if ( header )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, 
      "  Rec : PDS Tab Cen Sub Ver Grid Code LTyp Level1 Level2    Date  Time P1 P2 TU TR NAVE Scale FCnum CT\n");
/*     ----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+ */
      header = 0;
    }

  is = gribbuffer;

  nerr = grib1Sections(gribbuffer, recsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d : error\n", nrec);
      return;
    }

  switch(GRIB_EDITION(is))
    {   
    case 0:
      year                = GET_UINT1(pds[12]);
      century             = 1;
      subcenter           = 0;
      decimalscale        = 0;
      break;
    case 1:
      year                = PDS_Year;
      century             = PDS_Century;
      subcenter           = PDS_Subcenter;
      decimalscale        = PDS_DecimalScale;
      break;
    default:
      fprintf(stderr, "Grib version %d not supported!", GRIB_EDITION(is));
      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

  if ( PDS_Len > 28 )
    if ( PDS_CenterID    == 98 || PDS_Subcenter == 98 ||
	(PDS_CenterID    ==  7 && PDS_Subcenter == 98) )
      if ( pds[40] == 1 )
	fc_num = GET_UINT1(pds[49]);

  if ( year < 0 )
    {
      date = (-year)*10000+PDS_Month*100+PDS_Day;
      century = -century;
    }
  else
    {
      date =    year*10000+PDS_Month*100+PDS_Day;
    }
      
  fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4d%4d%4d%4d%4d %4d %4d%4d%7d%7d %8d%6d%3d%3d%3d%3d%5d%6d%5d%4d\n", nrec,
	  PDS_Len,  PDS_CodeTable,   PDS_CenterID, subcenter, PDS_ModelID,
	  PDS_GridDefinition, PDS_Parameter, PDS_LevelType, PDS_Level1, PDS_Level2,
	  date, PDS_Time, PDS_TimePeriod1, PDS_TimePeriod2, PDS_TimeUnit, PDS_TimeRange,
	  PDS_AvgNum, decimalscale, fc_num, century);
}


void gribPrintPDS(int nrec, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  int gribversion;

  gribversion = gribVersion(gribbuffer, recsize);

  if ( gribversion == 0 || gribversion == 1 )
    grib1PrintPDS(nrec, recpos, recsize, gribbuffer);
  /*
  else if ( gribversion == 2 )
    grib2PrintPDS(nrec, recpos, recsize, gribbuffer);
  */
  else
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4ld%9ld%7ld : GRIB version %d unsupported\n",
	      nrec, 0L, recpos, recsize, gribversion); 
    }
}


void grib1PrintGDS(int nrec, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  static int header = 1;
  int nerr;
  unsigned char *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;

  UNUSED(recpos);

  if ( header )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, 
      "  Rec : GDS  NV PVPL Typ : xsize ysize   Lat1   Lon1   Lat2   Lon2    dx    dy\n");
/*     ----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+ */
      header = 0;
    }

  nerr = grib1Sections(gribbuffer, recsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d : error\n", nrec);
      return;
    }

  if ( gds )
    fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4d%4d%4d %4d :%6d%6d%7d%7d%7d%7d%6d%6d\n", nrec,
	    GDS_Len,  GDS_NV,   GDS_PVPL, GDS_GridType,
	    GDS_NumLon,   GDS_NumLat,
	    GDS_FirstLat, GDS_FirstLon,
	    GDS_LastLat,  GDS_LastLon,
	    GDS_LonIncr,  GDS_LatIncr);
  else
    fprintf(stdout, "%5d : Grid Description Section not defined\n", nrec);
}


void gribPrintGDS(int nrec, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  int gribversion;

  gribversion = gribVersion(gribbuffer, recsize);

  if ( gribversion == 0 || gribversion == 1 )
    grib1PrintGDS(nrec, recpos, recsize, gribbuffer);
  /*
  else if ( gribversion == 2 )
    grib2PrintGDS(nrec, recpos, recsize, gribbuffer);
  */
  else
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4ld%9ld%7ld : GRIB version %d unsupported\n",
	      nrec, 0L, recpos, recsize, gribversion); 
    }
}


void grib1PrintBMS(int nrec, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  static int header = 1;
  int level, nerr;
  unsigned char *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;

  UNUSED(recpos);

  if ( header )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, 
      "  Rec : Code Level     BMS    Size\n");
/*     ----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+ */
      header = 0;
    }

  nerr = grib1Sections(gribbuffer, recsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d : error\n", nrec);
      return;
    }

  if ( PDS_LevelType == 100 )
    level = PDS_Level * 100;
  else if ( PDS_LevelType == 99 )
    level = PDS_Level;
  else
    level = PDS_Level1;

  if ( bms )
    fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4d%7d %7d %7d\n", nrec,
	    PDS_Parameter, level,
	    BMS_Len, BMS_BitmapSize);
  else
    fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4d%7d Bit Map Section not defined\n", nrec,
	    PDS_Parameter, level);
}


void gribPrintBMS(int nrec, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  int gribversion;

  gribversion = gribVersion(gribbuffer, recsize);

  if ( gribversion == 0 || gribversion == 1 )
    grib1PrintBMS(nrec, recpos, recsize, gribbuffer);
  /*
  else if ( gribversion == 2 )
    grib2PrintBMS(nrec, recpos, recsize, gribbuffer);
  */
  else
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4ld%9ld%7ld : GRIB version %d unsupported\n",
	      nrec, 0L, recpos, recsize, gribversion); 
    }
}


void grib1PrintBDS(int nrec, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  static int header = 1;
  int level, nerr;
  unsigned char *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  double cr = 1;
  double refval, scale;

  UNUSED(recpos);

  if ( header )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, 
      "  Rec : Code Level     BDS Flag     Scale   RefValue Bits  CR\n");
/*     ----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+ */
      header = 0;
    }

  nerr = grib1Sections(gribbuffer, recsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d : error\n", nrec);
      return;
    }

  if ( PDS_LevelType == 100 )
    level = PDS_Level * 100;
  else if ( PDS_LevelType == 99 )
    level = PDS_Level;
  else
    level = PDS_Level1;

  if ( ((BDS_Flag >> 4)&1) && BDS_Z == 128 )
    {
      int s1, s2;
      s1 = ((int) ((bds[17]<<16)+(bds[18]<<8)+bds[19]));
      s2 = ((int) ((bds[20]<<16)+(bds[21]<<8)+bds[22]));
      cr = ((double)s1)/s2;
    }

  refval = BDS_RefValue;

  if ( BDS_BinScale < 0 )
    scale = 1.0/pow(2.0, (double) -BDS_BinScale);
  else
    scale = pow(2.0, (double) BDS_BinScale);

  if ( PDS_DecimalScale )
    {
      double decscale;
      decscale = pow(10.0, (double)-PDS_DecimalScale);
      refval *= decscale;
      scale  *= decscale;
    }

  fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4d%7d %7d %4d %8.5g %11.5g%4d %6.4g\n", nrec,
	  PDS_Parameter, level,
	  BDS_Len, BDS_Flag, scale, refval, BDS_NumBits, cr);
}


void gribPrintBDS(int nrec, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  int gribversion;

  gribversion = gribVersion(gribbuffer, recsize);

  if ( gribversion == 0 || gribversion == 1 )
    grib1PrintBDS(nrec, recpos, recsize, gribbuffer);
  /*
  else if ( gribversion == 2 )
    grib2PrintBDS(nrec, recpos, recsize, gribbuffer);
  */
  else
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d :%4ld%9ld%7ld : GRIB version %d unsupported\n",
	      nrec, 0L, recpos, recsize, gribversion); 
    }
}


void gribCheck1(int nrec, long recpos, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  int level, nerr;
  unsigned char *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  double cr = 1;

  UNUSED(recpos);

  nerr = grib1Sections(gribbuffer, recsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d : error\n", nrec);
      return;
    }

  if ( PDS_LevelType == 100 )
    level = PDS_Level * 100;
  else if ( PDS_LevelType == 99 )
    level = PDS_Level;
  else
    level = PDS_Level1;

  if ( ((BDS_Flag >> 4)&1) && BDS_Z == 128 )
    {
      int s1, s2;
      s1 = ((int) ((bds[17]<<16)+(bds[18]<<8)+bds[19]));
      s2 = ((int) ((bds[20]<<16)+(bds[21]<<8)+bds[22]));
      cr = ((double)s1)/s2;
    }

  if ( IS_EQUAL(cr, 1) && BDS_NumBits == 24 )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "GRIB record %5d : code = %4d   level = %7d\n", nrec, PDS_Parameter, level);
    }
}


static
void repair1(unsigned char *gbuf, long gbufsize)
{
  long i;
  int nerr;
  unsigned char *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  /* int recLen; */
  unsigned char *source;
  size_t sourceLen;
  int bds_len, bds_nbits, bds_flag, lspherc, lcomplex /*, lcompress */;
  int bds_head = 11;
  int bds_ext = 0, bds_ubits;
  int datstart = 0;
  /* int llarge = FALSE; */

  nerr = grib1Sections(gbuf, gbufsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "grib1Sections error\n");
    }

  /* recLen = gribrec_len(gbuf[4], gbuf[5], gbuf[6]); */
  /* if ( recLen > JP23SET ) llarge = TRUE; */

  bds_len   = BDS_Len;
  bds_nbits = BDS_NumBits;
  bds_flag  = BDS_Flag;
  bds_ubits = bds_flag & 15;
  lspherc   =  bds_flag >> 7;
  lcomplex  = (bds_flag >> 6)&1;
  /* lcompress = (bds_flag >> 4)&1; */

  if ( lspherc )
    {
      if ( lcomplex  )
	{
	  int jup, ioff;
	  jup  = bds[15];
	  ioff = (jup+1)*(jup+2);
	  bds_ext = 4 + 3 + 4*ioff;
	}
      else
	{
	  bds_ext = 4;
	}
    }

  datstart = bds_head + bds_ext;

  source = bds + datstart;

  sourceLen = ((((bds_len - datstart)*8-bds_ubits)/bds_nbits)*bds_nbits)/8;

  if ( bds_nbits == 24 )
    {
      long nelem;
      unsigned char *pbuf;
      nelem = sourceLen/3;
      pbuf = (unsigned char*) malloc(sourceLen);
      for ( i = 0; i < nelem; i++ )
	{
	  pbuf[3*i  ] = source[        i];
	  pbuf[3*i+1] = source[  nelem+i];
	  pbuf[3*i+2] = source[2*nelem+i];
	}
      memcpy(source, pbuf, sourceLen);
      free(pbuf);
    }
}


void gribRepair1(int nrec, long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer)
{
  int level, nerr;
  unsigned char *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  double cr = 1;

  nerr = grib1Sections(gribbuffer, recsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "%5d : error\n", nrec);
      return;
    }

  if ( PDS_LevelType == 100 )
    level = PDS_Level * 100;
  else if ( PDS_LevelType == 99 )
    level = PDS_Level;
  else
    level = PDS_Level1;

  if ( ((BDS_Flag >> 4)&1) && BDS_Z == 128 )
    {
      int s1, s2;
      s1 = ((int) ((bds[17]<<16)+(bds[18]<<8)+bds[19]));
      s2 = ((int) ((bds[20]<<16)+(bds[21]<<8)+bds[22]));
      cr = ((double)s1)/s2;
    }

  if ( IS_EQUAL(cr, 1) && BDS_NumBits == 24 )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "Repair GRIB record %5d : code = %4d   level = %7d\n", nrec, PDS_Parameter, level);
      repair1(gribbuffer, recsize);
    }
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
#  include "config.h"
#endif

#if  defined (HAVE_LIBSZ) || defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
#if defined(__cplusplus)
extern "C" {
#endif
#if defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
#  include <libaec.h>
#else
#  include <szlib.h>
#endif
#if defined (__cplusplus)
}
#endif

#if defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
#  define AEC_FLAGS           (AEC_DATA_MSB | AEC_DATA_PREPROCESS)
#else
#  define OPTIONS_MASK        (SZ_RAW_OPTION_MASK | SZ_MSB_OPTION_MASK | SZ_NN_OPTION_MASK)
#endif

#  define PIXELS_PER_BLOCK    (8)
#  define PIXELS_PER_SCANLINE (PIXELS_PER_BLOCK*128)

#  define MIN_COMPRESS        (0.95)
#  define MIN_SIZE            (256)
#endif

#define  Z_SZIP  128
#define  Z_AEC   130


#define SetLen3(var, offset, value) ((var[offset+0] = 0xFF & (value >> 16)), \
				     (var[offset+1] = 0xFF & (value >>  8)), \
				     (var[offset+2] = 0xFF & (value      )))
#define SetLen4(var, offset, value) ((var[offset+0] = 0xFF & (value >> 24)), \
				     (var[offset+1] = 0xFF & (value >> 16)), \
				     (var[offset+2] = 0xFF & (value >>  8)), \
				     (var[offset+3] = 0xFF & (value      )))


int gribGetZip(long recsize, unsigned char *gribbuffer, long *urecsize)
{
  /* urecsize : uncompressed record size  */
  int compress = 0;
  int nerr;
  /* int  bds_len, bds_nbits, lspherc, lcomplex; */
  int bds_flag, lcompress;
  long gribsize = 0;
  unsigned char *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  int gribversion;

  gribversion = gribVersion(gribbuffer, recsize);

  if ( gribversion == 2 ) return (compress);

  nerr = grib1Sections(gribbuffer, recsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "grib1Sections error\n");
      return (compress);
    }

  /* bds_len   = BDS_Len; */
  /* bds_nbits = BDS_NumBits; */
  bds_flag  = BDS_Flag;
  /* lspherc   =  bds_flag >> 7; */
  /* lcomplex  = (bds_flag >> 6)&1; */
  lcompress = (bds_flag >> 4)&1;

  *urecsize = 0;
  if ( lcompress )
    {
      compress = BDS_Z;
      if ( compress == Z_SZIP || compress == Z_AEC )
	{
	  gribsize = gribrec_len(bds[14], bds[15], bds[16]);
	}
    }

  *urecsize = gribsize;

  return (compress);
}


int  gribZip(unsigned char *dbuf, long dbufsize, unsigned char *sbuf, long sbufsize)
{
  int nerr;
  int gribLen;
  int rec_len;
  int llarge = FALSE;
#if ! (defined (HAVE_LIBSZ) || defined (HAVE_LIBAEC))
  static int libszwarn = 1;
#endif
  unsigned char *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;

  gribLen = gribrec_len(dbuf[4], dbuf[5], dbuf[6]);
  if ( gribLen > JP23SET ) llarge = TRUE;

  rec_len = gribLen;

  nerr = grib1Sections(dbuf, dbufsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "grib1Sections error!\n");
      return (rec_len);
    }

#if  defined (HAVE_LIBSZ) || defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)

  {
    long i;
    int bdsLen;
    int gribLenOld = 0;
    int status;
    size_t datstart, datsize;
#if defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
    struct aec_stream strm;
#else
    SZ_com_t sz_param;          /* szip parameter block */
#endif
    unsigned char *dest, *source;
    size_t destLen, sourceLen;
    int bits_per_sample;
    int bds_len, bds_nbits, bds_flag, lspherc, lcomplex,/* lcompress,*/ bds_ubits;
    int bds_head = 11;
    int bds_ext = 0;
    int bds_zoffset, bds_zstart;
    unsigned char *pbuf = NULL;

    bds_zstart  = 14;
    bds_zoffset = 12;
    if ( llarge ) bds_zoffset += 2;

    bds_len   = BDS_Len;
    bds_len   = correct_bdslen(bds_len, gribLen, bds-dbuf);
    bds_nbits = BDS_NumBits;
    bds_flag  = BDS_Flag;
    bds_ubits = bds_flag & 15;
    lspherc   =  bds_flag >> 7;
    lcomplex  = (bds_flag >> 6)&1;
    /* lcompress = (bds_flag >> 4)&1; */
    
    if ( bds_nbits != 8 && bds_nbits != 16 && bds_nbits != 24 && bds_nbits != 32 )
      {
	static int linfo = 1;
	if ( linfo && bds_nbits != 0 )
	  {
	    linfo = 0;
	    fprintf(stderr, "GRIB szip only supports 8, 16, 24 and 32 bit data!\n");
	  }
	return (rec_len);
      }

#if defined (HAVE_LIBSZ)
    if ( bds_nbits == 24 )
      bits_per_sample    = 8;
    else
#endif
      bits_per_sample    = bds_nbits;

#if defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
    strm.bits_per_sample = bits_per_sample;
    strm.block_size      = PIXELS_PER_BLOCK;
    strm.rsi             = PIXELS_PER_SCANLINE / PIXELS_PER_BLOCK;
    strm.flags           = AEC_FLAGS;
    if ( bds_nbits == 24 ) strm.flags |= AEC_DATA_3BYTE; 
#else
    sz_param.options_mask        = OPTIONS_MASK;
    sz_param.bits_per_pixel      = bits_per_sample;
    sz_param.pixels_per_block    = PIXELS_PER_BLOCK;
    sz_param.pixels_per_scanline = PIXELS_PER_SCANLINE;
#endif

    if ( lspherc )
      {
	if ( lcomplex  )
	  {
	    int jup, ioff;
	    jup  = bds[15];
	    ioff = (jup+1)*(jup+2);
	    bds_ext = 4 + 3 + 4*ioff;
	  }
	else
	  {
	    bds_ext = 4;
	  }
      }

    datstart = bds_head + bds_ext;

    datsize = ((((bds_len - datstart)*8-bds_ubits)/bds_nbits)*bds_nbits)/8;

    if ( datsize < MIN_SIZE ) return (rec_len);
    /*
    fprintf(stderr, "%d %d %d %d\n", bds_len, datstart, bds_len - datstart, datsize);
    */
    sourceLen = datsize;
    destLen   = sbufsize;
    
    source = bds + datstart;
    dest = sbuf;

#if defined (HAVE_LIBSZ)
    if ( bds_nbits == 24 )
      {
	long nelem;
	nelem = sourceLen/3;
	pbuf = (unsigned char*) malloc(sourceLen);
	for ( i = 0; i < nelem; i++ )
	  {
	    pbuf[        i] = source[3*i  ];
	    pbuf[  nelem+i] = source[3*i+1];
	    pbuf[2*nelem+i] = source[3*i+2];
	  }
	source = pbuf;
      }
#endif

#if defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
    strm.next_in = source;
    strm.avail_in = sourceLen;
    strm.next_out = dest;
    strm.avail_out = destLen;

    status = aec_buffer_encode(&strm);
    if ( status != AEC_OK )
      {
       	if ( status != AEC_DATA_ERROR )
	  Warning("AEC ERROR: %d code %3d level %3d", status, PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);
      }

    destLen = strm.total_out;
#else
    status = SZ_BufftoBuffCompress(dest, &destLen, source, sourceLen, &sz_param);
    if ( status != SZ_OK )
      {
	if ( status == SZ_NO_ENCODER_ERROR )
	  Warning("SZ_NO_ENCODER_ERROR code %3d level %3d", PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);
	else if ( status == SZ_PARAM_ERROR )
	  Warning("SZ_PARAM_ERROR code %3d level %3d", PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);
	else if ( status == SZ_MEM_ERROR )
	  Warning("SZ_MEM_ERROR code %3d level %3d", PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);
	else if ( status == SZ_OUTBUFF_FULL )
	  /*Warning("SZ_OUTBUFF_FULL code %3d level %3d", PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2)*/;
	else
	  Warning("SZ ERROR: %d code %3d level %3d", status, PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);
      }
#endif
    
    if ( pbuf ) free(pbuf);
    /*
    fprintf(stderr, "sourceLen, destLen %d %d\n", sourceLen, destLen);
    */
    if ( destLen < MIN_COMPRESS*sourceLen )
      {
	source = bds + datstart + bds_zoffset;
	memcpy(source, dest, destLen);
	
	/* ----++++ number of unused bits at end of section) */

	BDS_Flag -= bds_ubits;
    
	gribLenOld = gribLen;

	if ( bds_ext )
	  for ( i = bds_ext-1; i >= 0; --i )
	    bds[bds_zoffset+bds_head+i] = bds[bds_head+i];

	/*
	fprintf(stderr, "destLen, datsize, datstart %d %d %d\n", destLen, datsize, datstart);
	*/
	/*	memcpy(bds + datstart + bds_zoffset, source, destLen); */
	/*
	  fprintf(stderr, "z>>> %d %d %d %d <<<\n", (int) bds[0+datstart+bds_zoffset],
	    (int)bds[1+datstart+bds_zoffset], (int)bds[2+datstart+bds_zoffset], (int)bds[3+datstart+bds_zoffset]);
	*/
	if ( llarge )
	  {
	    if ( gribLenOld%120 )
	      {
		fprintf(stderr, "Internal problem, record length not multiple of 120!");
		while ( gribLenOld%120 ) gribLenOld++;
	      }
	    gribLenOld = gribLenOld / (-120);
	    gribLenOld = JP23SET - gribLenOld + 1;

	    SetLen3(bds, bds_zstart, gribLenOld);
	    SetLen4(bds, bds_zstart+3, sourceLen);
	    SetLen4(bds, bds_zstart+7, destLen);
	  }
	else
	  {
	    SetLen3(bds, bds_zstart, gribLenOld);
	    SetLen3(bds, bds_zstart+3, sourceLen);
	    SetLen3(bds, bds_zstart+6, destLen);
	  }

	bdsLen = datstart + bds_zoffset + destLen;

	bds[11] = 0;
	bds[12] = 0;
#if defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
	BDS_Z   = Z_AEC;
#else
	BDS_Z   = Z_SZIP;
#endif

	BDS_Flag += 16;
	if ( (bdsLen%2) == 1 )
	  {
	    BDS_Flag += 8;
	    bds[bdsLen++] = 0;
	  }

	SetLen3(bds, 0, bdsLen);

	gribLen = (bds - dbuf) + bdsLen;

	dbuf[gribLen++] = '7';
	dbuf[gribLen++] = '7';
	dbuf[gribLen++] = '7';
	dbuf[gribLen++] = '7';

	if ( llarge )
	  {
	    long itemp;
	    long bdslen = gribLen - 4;

	    /*
	      If a very large product, the section 4 length field holds
	      the number of bytes in the product after section 4 upto
	      the end of the padding bytes.
	      This is a fixup to get round the restriction on product lengths
	      due to the count being only 24 bits. It is only possible because
	      the (default) rounding for GRIB products is 120 bytes.
	    */
	    while ( gribLen%120 ) dbuf[gribLen++] = 0;

	    itemp = gribLen / (-120);
	    itemp = JP23SET - itemp + 1;

	    SetLen3(dbuf, 4, itemp);

	    bdslen = gribLen - bdslen;

	    SetLen3(bds, 0, bdslen);
	  }
	else
	  {
	    SetLen3(dbuf, 4, gribLen);
	  }
      }
    else
      {
      }
    /*
    fprintf(stderr, "%3d %3d griblen in %6d  out %6d  CR %g   slen %6d dlen %6d  CR %g\n",
	    PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level1, gribLenOld, gribLen,
	    ((double)gribLenOld)/gribLen, sourceLen, destLen,
	    ((double)sourceLen)/destLen);
    */
  }

#else
  if ( libszwarn )
    {
      Warning("Compression disabled, szlib or libaec not available!");
      libszwarn = 0;
    }
#endif

  if ( llarge )
    while ( gribLen%120 ) dbuf[gribLen++] = 0;
  else
    while ( gribLen & 7 ) dbuf[gribLen++] = 0;

  rec_len = gribLen;

  return (rec_len);
}


int  gribUnzip(unsigned char *dbuf, long dbufsize, unsigned char *sbuf, long sbufsize)
{
#if ! (defined (HAVE_LIBSZ) || defined (HAVE_LIBAEC))
  static int libszwarn = 1;
#endif
  int nerr;
  unsigned char *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  int bdsLen, recLen, gribLen = 0;
  unsigned char *dest, *source;
  size_t destLen, sourceLen;
  int /* bds_len, */ bds_nbits, bds_flag, lspherc, lcomplex /*, lcompress*/;
  int bds_head = 11;
  int bds_ext = 0;
  int bds_zoffset, bds_zstart;
  int datstart = 0;
  int llarge = FALSE;

  UNUSED(dbufsize);

  nerr = grib1Sections(sbuf, sbufsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "grib1Sections error\n");
      return (0);
    }

  bds_zstart = 14;

  recLen = gribrec_len(bds[bds_zstart], bds[bds_zstart+1], bds[bds_zstart+2]);
  if ( recLen > JP23SET ) llarge = TRUE;

  bds_zoffset = 12;
  if ( llarge ) bds_zoffset += 2;

  /* bds_len   = BDS_Len; */
  bds_nbits = BDS_NumBits;
  bds_flag  = BDS_Flag;
  lspherc   =  bds_flag >> 7;
  lcomplex  = (bds_flag >> 6)&1;
  /* lcompress = (bds_flag >> 4)&1; */

  if ( lspherc )
    {
      if ( lcomplex  )
	{
	  int jup, ioff;
	  jup  = bds[bds_zoffset+15];
	  ioff = (jup+1)*(jup+2);
	  bds_ext = 4 + 3 + 4*ioff;
	}
      else
	{
	  bds_ext = 4;
	}
    }

  datstart = bds_head + bds_ext;

  source = bds + datstart + bds_zoffset;
  if ( llarge )
    sourceLen = ((size_t) ((bds[21]<<24)+(bds[22]<<16)+(bds[23]<<8)+bds[24]));
  else
    sourceLen = ((size_t) ((bds[20]<<16)+(bds[21]<<8)+bds[22]));

  nerr = grib1Sections(dbuf, sbufsize, &pds, &gds, &bms, &bds);
  if ( nerr )
    {
      fprintf(stdout, "grib1Sections error\n");
      return (0);
    }

  dest = bds + datstart;
   if ( llarge )
    destLen = ((size_t) ((bds[17]<<24)+(bds[18]<<16)+(bds[19]<<8)+bds[20]));
  else
    destLen = ((size_t) ((bds[17]<<16)+(bds[18]<<8)+bds[19]));

  BDS_Flag -= 16;

  bdsLen = datstart + destLen;

#if  defined (HAVE_LIBSZ) || defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
  {
    int status;
    long i;
    size_t tmpLen;
    int bds_ubits;
    int bits_per_sample;
#if defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
    struct aec_stream strm;
#else
    SZ_com_t sz_param;          /* szip parameter block */
#endif

#if defined (HAVE_LIBSZ)
    if ( bds_nbits == 24 )
      bits_per_sample    = 8;
    else
#endif
      bits_per_sample    = bds_nbits;

#if defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
    strm.bits_per_sample         = bits_per_sample;
    strm.block_size              = PIXELS_PER_BLOCK;
    strm.rsi                     = PIXELS_PER_SCANLINE / PIXELS_PER_BLOCK;
    strm.flags                   = AEC_FLAGS;
    if ( bds_nbits == 24 ) strm.flags |= AEC_DATA_3BYTE; 
#else
    sz_param.options_mask        = OPTIONS_MASK;
    sz_param.bits_per_pixel      = bits_per_sample;
    sz_param.pixels_per_block    = PIXELS_PER_BLOCK;
    sz_param.pixels_per_scanline = PIXELS_PER_SCANLINE;
#endif

    if ( bds_ext )
      for ( i = 0; i < bds_ext; ++i )
	bds[bds_head+i] = bds[bds_zoffset+bds_head+i];

    /*
    fprintf(stderr, "gribUnzip: sourceLen %ld; destLen %ld\n", (long)sourceLen, (long)destLen);
    fprintf(stderr, "gribUnzip: sourceOff %d; destOff %d\n", bds[12], bds[11]);
    fprintf(stderr, "gribUnzip: reclen %d; bdslen %d\n", recLen, bdsLen);
    */

    tmpLen = destLen;
#if defined (HAVE_LIBAEC)
    strm.next_in   = source;
    strm.avail_in  = sourceLen;
    strm.next_out  = dest;
    strm.avail_out = tmpLen;

    status = aec_buffer_decode(&strm);
    if ( status != AEC_OK )
      Warning("AEC ERROR: %d code %3d level %3d", status, PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);

    tmpLen = strm.total_out;
#else
    status = SZ_BufftoBuffDecompress(dest, &tmpLen, source, sourceLen, &sz_param);
    if ( status != SZ_OK )
      {
	if ( status == SZ_NO_ENCODER_ERROR )
	  Warning("SZ_NO_ENCODER_ERROR code %3d level %3d", PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);
	else if ( status == SZ_PARAM_ERROR )
	  Warning("SZ_PARAM_ERROR code %3d level %3d", PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);
	else if ( status == SZ_MEM_ERROR )
	  Warning("SZ_MEM_ERROR code %3d level %3d", PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);
	else if ( status == SZ_OUTBUFF_FULL )
	  Warning("SZ_OUTBUFF_FULL code %3d level %3d", PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);
	else
	  Warning("SZ ERROR: %d code %3d level %3d", status, PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2);
      }
#endif
    /*
    fprintf(stderr, "gribUnzip: sl = %ld  dl = %ld   tl = %ld\n",
	    (long)sourceLen, (long)destLen,(long) tmpLen);
    */
    if ( tmpLen != destLen )
      Warning("unzip size differ: code %3d level %3d  ibuflen %ld ubuflen %ld",
	      PDS_Parameter, PDS_Level2, (long) destLen, (long) tmpLen);

#if defined (HAVE_LIBSZ)
    if ( bds_nbits == 24 )
      {
	long nelem;
	unsigned char *pbuf;
	nelem = tmpLen/3;
	pbuf = (unsigned char*) malloc(tmpLen);
	for ( i = 0; i < nelem; i++ )
	  {
	    pbuf[3*i  ] = dest[        i];
	    pbuf[3*i+1] = dest[  nelem+i];
	    pbuf[3*i+2] = dest[2*nelem+i];
	  }
	memcpy(dest, pbuf, tmpLen);
	free(pbuf);
      }
#endif

    bds_ubits = BDS_Flag & 15;
    BDS_Flag -= bds_ubits;

    if ( (bdsLen%2) == 1 )
      {
	BDS_Flag += 8;
	bds[bdsLen++] = 0;
      }

    SetLen3(bds, 0, bdsLen);

    gribLen = (bds - dbuf) + bdsLen;
    
    dbuf[gribLen++] = '7';
    dbuf[gribLen++] = '7';
    dbuf[gribLen++] = '7';
    dbuf[gribLen++] = '7';

    if ( llarge )
      {
	long itemp;
        bdsLen = gribLen - 4;
	/*
	  If a very large product, the section 4 length field holds
	  the number of bytes in the product after section 4 upto
	  the end of the padding bytes.
	  This is a fixup to get round the restriction on product lengths
	  due to the count being only 24 bits. It is only possible because
	  the (default) rounding for GRIB products is 120 bytes.
	*/
	while ( gribLen%120 ) dbuf[gribLen++] = 0;

	if ( gribLen != recLen )
	  fprintf(stderr, "Internal problem, recLen and gribLen differ!\n");
	
	itemp = gribLen / (-120);
	itemp = JP23SET - itemp + 1;
	
	SetLen3(dbuf, 4, itemp);

	bdsLen = gribLen - bdsLen;
	    
	SetLen3(bds, 0, bdsLen);
      }
    else
      {
	SetLen3(dbuf, 4, recLen);
      }
    /*
    fprintf(stderr, "recLen, gribLen, bdsLen %d %d %d\n", recLen, gribLen, bdsLen);
    */
    if ( llarge )
      while ( gribLen%120 ) dbuf[gribLen++] = 0;
    else
      while ( gribLen & 7 ) dbuf[gribLen++] = 0;
    /*
    fprintf(stderr, "recLen, gribLen, bdsLen %d %d %d\n", recLen, gribLen, bdsLen);
    */
  }
#else
  if ( libszwarn )
    {
      Warning("Decompression disabled, szlib or libaec not available!");
      libszwarn = 0;
    }
#endif

  return (gribLen);
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>


/* calculate_pfactor: source code from grib_api-1.8.0 */
double calculate_pfactor(const double* spectralField, long fieldTruncation, long subsetTruncation)
{
  /*long n_vals = ((fieldTruncation+1)*(fieldTruncation+2));*/
  long loop, index, m, n = 0;
  double pFactor, zeps = 1.0e-15;
  long ismin = (subsetTruncation+1), ismax = (fieldTruncation+1);
  double* weights, range, * norms;
  double weightedSumOverX = 0.0, weightedSumOverY = 0.0, sumOfWeights = 0.0, x, y;
  double numerator = 0.0, denominator = 0.0, slope;

  /*
  // Setup the weights
   */

  range = (double) (ismax - ismin +1);

  weights = (double*) malloc((ismax+1)*sizeof(double));
  for( loop = ismin; loop <= ismax; loop++ )
    weights[loop] = range / (double) (loop-ismin+1);
  /*
  // Compute norms
  // Handle values 2 at a time (real and imaginary parts).
   */
  norms = (double*) malloc((ismax+1)*sizeof(double));

  for( loop = 0; loop < ismax+1; loop++ ) norms[loop] = 0.0;
  /*
  // Form norms for the rows which contain part of the unscaled subset.
   */

  index = -2;
  for( m = 0; m < subsetTruncation; m++ )
    for( n = m; n <= fieldTruncation; n++ ) {
      index += 2;
      if( n >= subsetTruncation ) {
        double tval = spectralField[index];
        tval=tval<0?-tval:tval;
        norms[n] = norms[n] > tval ? norms[n] : tval;
        tval = spectralField[index+1];
        tval=tval<0?-tval:tval;
        norms[n] = norms[n] > tval ? norms[n] : tval;
      }
    }
  /*
  // Form norms for the rows which do not contain part of the unscaled subset.
   */

  for( m = subsetTruncation; m <= fieldTruncation; m++ )
    for( n = m; n <= fieldTruncation; n++ ) {
      double tval = spectralField[index];
      index += 2;
      tval=tval<0?-tval:tval;
      norms[n] = norms[n] > tval ? norms[n] : tval;
      tval = spectralField[index+1];
      tval=tval<0?-tval:tval;
      norms[n] = norms[n] > tval ? norms[n] : tval;
    }

  /*
  // Ensure the norms have a value which is not too small in case of
  // problems with math functions (e.g. LOG).
   */

  for( loop = ismin; loop <= ismax; loop++ ) {
    norms[n] = norms[n] > zeps ? norms[n] : zeps;
    if( IS_EQUAL(norms[n], zeps) ) weights[n] = 100.0 * zeps;
  }

  /*
  // Do linear fit to find the slope
   */

  for( loop = ismin; loop <= ismax; loop++ ) {
    x = log( (double) (loop*(loop+1)) );
    y = log( norms[loop] );
    weightedSumOverX = weightedSumOverX + x * weights[loop];
    weightedSumOverY = weightedSumOverY + y * weights[loop];
    sumOfWeights = sumOfWeights + weights[loop];
  }
  weightedSumOverX = weightedSumOverX / sumOfWeights;
  weightedSumOverY = weightedSumOverY / sumOfWeights;

  /*
  // Perform a least square fit for the equation
   */

  for( loop = ismin; loop <= ismax; loop++ ) {

    x = log( (double)(loop*(loop+1)) );
    y = log( norms[loop] );
    numerator =
      numerator + weights[loop] * (y-weightedSumOverY) * (x-weightedSumOverX);
    denominator =
      denominator + weights[loop] * ((x-weightedSumOverX) * (x-weightedSumOverX));
  }
  slope = numerator / denominator;

  free(weights);
  free(norms);

  pFactor = -slope;
  if( pFactor < -9999.9 ) pFactor = -9999.9;
  if( pFactor > 9999.9 )  pFactor = 9999.9;

  return pFactor;
}

static
int rowina2(double *p, int ko, int ki, double *pw,
	    int kcode, double msval, int *kret)
{
  /* System generated locals */
  int pw_dim1, pw_offset, i_1;

  /* Local variables */
  double zwt1, zrdi, zpos;
  int jl, ip;
  double zdo, zwt;

  /* Parameter adjustments */
  --p;
  pw_dim1 = ko + 3;
  pw_offset = pw_dim1;
  pw -= pw_offset;

  /* **** ROWINA2 - Interpolation of row of values. */
  /*     Input Parameters. */
  /*     ----------------- */
  /*     P      - Row of values to be interpolated. */
  /*              Dimension must be at least KO. */
  /*     KO     - Number of values required. */
  /*     KI     - Number of values in P on input. */
  /*     PW     - Working array. */
  /*              Dimension must be at least (0:KO+2,3). */
  /*     KCODE  - Interpolation required. */
  /*              1 , linear. */
  /*              3 , cubic. */
  /*     PMSVAL - Value used for missing data indicator. */

  /*     Output Parameters. */
  /*     ------------------ */
  /*     P     - Now contains KO values. */
  /*     KRET  - Return code */
  /*             0, OK */
  /*             Non-zero, error */

  /*     Author. */
  /*     ------- */
  /*     J.D.Chambers    ECMWF     22.07.94 */

  /*     ********************************    */
  /*     Section 1.  Linear interpolation .. */
  /*     ********************************    */

  *kret = 0;

  if ( kcode == 1 )
    {
      /*    Move input values to work array */
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= ki; ++jl )
	pw[jl + pw_dim1] = p[jl];

      /*    Arrange wrap-around value in work array */
      pw[ki + 1 + pw_dim1] = p[1];

      /*    Set up constants to be used to figure out weighting for */
      /*    values in interpolation. */
      zrdi = (double) ki;
      zdo = 1.0 / (double) ko;

      /*    Loop through the output points */
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= ko; ++jl )
	{

	  /*    Calculate weight from the start of row */
	  zpos = (jl - 1) * zdo;
	  zwt = zpos * zrdi;

	  /*    Get the current array position(minus 1) from the weight - */
	  /*    note the implicit truncation. */
	  ip = (int) zwt;

	  /*    If the left value is missing, use the right value */
	  if ( IS_EQUAL(pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1], msval) )
	    {
	      p[jl] = pw[ip + 2 + pw_dim1];
	    }
	  /*    If the right value is missing, use the left value */
	  else if ( IS_EQUAL(pw[ip + 2 + pw_dim1], msval) )
	    {
	      p[jl] = pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1];
	    }
	  /*    If neither missing, interpolate ... */
	  else
	    {

	      /*       Adjust the weight to range (0.0 to 1.0) */
	      zwt -= ip;

	      /*       Interpolate using the weighted values on either side */
	      /*       of the output point position */
	      p[jl] = (1.0 - zwt) * pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1] +
		zwt * pw[ip + 2 + pw_dim1];
	    }
	}

      /*     *******************************    */
      /*     Section 2.  Cubic interpolation .. */
      /*     *******************************    */

    }
  else if ( kcode == 3 )
    {
      i_1 = ki;
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= i_1; ++jl )
	{
          if ( IS_EQUAL(p[jl], msval) )
	    {
	      fprintf(stderr," ROWINA2: ");
	      fprintf(stderr," Cubic interpolation not supported");
	      fprintf(stderr," for fields containing missing data.\n");
	      *kret = 1;
	      goto L900;
	    }
          pw[jl + pw_dim1] = p[jl];
	}
      pw[pw_dim1] = p[ki];
      pw[ki + 1 + pw_dim1] = p[1];
      pw[ki + 2 + pw_dim1] = p[2];
      i_1 = ki;
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= i_1; ++jl )
	{
          pw[jl + (pw_dim1 << 1)] =
	        - pw[jl - 1 + pw_dim1] / 3.0 -
	          pw[jl     + pw_dim1] * 0.5 +
	          pw[jl + 1 + pw_dim1] - pw[jl + 2 + pw_dim1] / 6.0;
          pw[jl + 1 + pw_dim1 * 3] =
                  pw[jl - 1 + pw_dim1] / 6.0 -
                  pw[jl     + pw_dim1] +
                  pw[jl + 1 + pw_dim1] * 0.5 +
                  pw[jl + 2 + pw_dim1] / 3.0;
	}

      scm0_double(&pw[(pw_dim1 << 1) + 1], &pw[pw_dim1 * 3 + 2],
		  &pw[pw_dim1 + 1], &pw[pw_dim1 + 2], ki);

      zrdi = (double) ki;
      zdo = 1.0 / (double) ko;
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= ko; ++jl )
	{
          zpos = (jl - 1) * zdo;
          zwt = zpos * zrdi;
          ip = (int) zwt + 1;
          zwt = zwt + 1.0 - ip;
          zwt1 = 1.0 - zwt;
          p[jl] = ((3.0 - zwt1 * 2.0) * pw[ip + pw_dim1] +
                  zwt * pw[ip + (pw_dim1 << 1)]) * zwt1 * zwt1 +
                  ((3.0 - zwt * 2.0) * pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1] -
                  zwt1 * pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1 * 3]) * zwt * zwt;
	}

    }
  else
    {
      /*    **************************************    */
      /*    Section 3.  Invalid interpolation code .. */
      /*    **************************************    */
      fprintf(stderr," ROWINA2:");
      fprintf(stderr," Invalid interpolation code = %2d\n",kcode);
      *kret = 2;
    }

L900:
    return 0;
} /* rowina2 */



int qu2reg2(double *pfield, int *kpoint, int klat, int klon,
	    double *ztemp, double msval, int *kret)
{
   /* System generated locals */
   int i_1, i_2;
   int kcode = 1;

   /* Local variables */
   int ilii, ilio, icode;
   double *zline = NULL;
   double *zwork = NULL;
   int iregno, iquano, j210, j220, j230, j240, j225;


   zline = (double*) malloc(2*klon*sizeof(double));
   if ( zline == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

   zwork = (double*) malloc(3*(2*klon+3)*sizeof(double));
   if ( zwork == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

   /* Parameter adjustments */
   --pfield;
   --kpoint;

/* **** QU2REG - Convert quasi-regular grid data to regular. */
/*     Input Parameters. */
/*     ----------------- */
/*     PFIELD     - Array containing quasi-regular grid */
/*                  data. */
/*     KPOINT     - Array containing list of the number of */
/*                  points on each latitude (or longitude) of */
/*                  the quasi-regular grid. */
/*     KLAT       - Number of latitude lines */
/*     KLON       - Number of longitude lines */
/*     KCODE      - Interpolation required. */
/*                  1 , linear - data quasi-regular on */
/*                               latitude lines. */
/*                  3 , cubic -  data quasi-regular on */
/*                               latitude lines. */
/*                  11, linear - data quasi-regular on */
/*                               longitude lines. */
/*                  13, cubic -  data quasi-regular on */
/*                               longitude lines. */
/*     PMSVAL     - Value used for missing data indicator. */
/*     Output Parameters. */
/*     ------------------ */
/*     KRET       - return code */
/*                  0 = OK */
/*                  non-zero indicates fatal error */
/*     PFIELD     - Array containing regular grid data. */
/*     Author. */
/*     ------- */
/*     J.D.Chambers     ECMWF      22.07.94 */
/*     J.D.Chambers     ECMWF      13.09.94 */
/*     Add return code KRET and remove calls to ABORT. */


/* ------------------------------ */
/* Section 1. Set initial values. */
/* ------------------------------ */

   *kret = 0;

/* Check input parameters. */

   if (kcode != 1 && kcode != 3 && kcode != 11 && kcode != 13) {
      fprintf(stderr," QU2REG :");
      fprintf(stderr," Invalid interpolation type code = %2d\n",kcode);
      *kret = 1;
      goto L900;
   }

/* Set array indices to 0. */

   ilii = 0;
   ilio = 0;

/* Establish values of loop parameters. */

   if (kcode > 10) {

/*    Quasi-regular along longitude lines. */

      iquano = klon;
      iregno = klat;
      icode = kcode - 10;
   } else {

/*    Quasi-regular along latitude lines. */

      iquano = klat;
      iregno = klon;
      icode = kcode;
   }

/*     -------------------------------------------------------- */
/**    Section 2. Interpolate field from quasi to regular grid. */
/*     -------------------------------------------------------- */

   i_1 = iquano;
   for (j230 = 1; j230 <= i_1; ++j230) {

      if (iregno != kpoint[j230]) {

/*       Line contains less values than required,so */
/*       extract quasi-regular grid values for a line */

         i_2 = kpoint[j230];
         for (j210 = 1; j210 <= i_2; ++j210) {
            ++ilii;
            zline[j210 - 1] = pfield[ilii];
         }

/*       and interpolate this line. */

         rowina2(zline, iregno, kpoint[j230], zwork, icode, msval, kret);
         if (*kret != 0) goto L900;

/*       Add regular grid values for this line to the
         temporary array. */

         i_2 = iregno;
         for (j220 = 1; j220 <= i_2; ++j220) {
            ++ilio;
            ztemp[ilio - 1] = zline[j220 - 1];
         }

      } else {

/*       Line contains the required number of values, so add */
/*       this line to the temporary array. */

         i_2 = iregno;
         for (j225 = 1; j225 <= i_2; ++j225) {
            ++ilio;
            ++ilii;
            ztemp[ilio - 1] = pfield[ilii];
         }
      }
   }

/* Copy temporary array to user array. */

   i_1 = klon * klat;
   for (j240 = 1; j240 <= i_1; ++j240) {
      pfield[j240] = ztemp[j240 - 1];
   }

/* -------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Section 9. Return to calling routine. Format statements. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------- */

L900:

   free(zline);
   free(zwork);

   return 0;
} /* qu2reg2 */



#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T double
#ifdef T

void TEMPLATE(scale_complex,T)(T *fpdata, int pcStart, int pcScale, int trunc, int inv)
{
  double power;
  double *scale = (double*) malloc((trunc+1)*sizeof(double));
  int  n, m;
  int  index;

  if ( scale == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

  if ( pcScale < -10000 || pcScale > 10000 )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, " %s: Invalid power given %6d\n", __func__, pcScale);
      return;
   }

  /* Setup scaling factors = n(n+1)^^p for n = 1 to truncation */

  if ( pcScale == 0 ) return;

  power = (double) pcScale / 1000.;
  scale[0] = 1.0;

  for ( n = 1; n <= trunc; n++ )
    {
      if (pcScale != 1000)
         scale[n] = pow((double) (n*(n+1)), power);
      else
         scale[n] =     (double) (n*(n+1));
    }

  if ( inv )
    for ( n = 1; n <= trunc; n++ ) scale[n] = 1.0 / scale[n];

  /* Scale the values */

  index = 0;

  for ( m = 0;   m < pcStart; m++ )
    for ( n = m; n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	if ( n >= pcStart )
	  {
	    fpdata[index  ] *= scale[n];
	    fpdata[index+1] *= scale[n];
	  }
	index += 2;
      }

  for ( m = pcStart; m <= trunc; m++ )
    for ( n = m;     n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	fpdata[index  ] *= scale[n];
	fpdata[index+1] *= scale[n];
	index += 2;
      }

  free(scale);
}


void TEMPLATE(scatter_complex,T)(T *fpdata, int pcStart, int trunc, int nsp)
{
  T *fphelp = (T*) malloc(nsp*sizeof(T));
  int  m, n;
  int  index, inext;

  if ( fphelp == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

  index = inext = 0;

  for ( m = 0;   m <= pcStart; m++ )
    for ( n = m; n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	if ( pcStart >= n )
	  {
	    fphelp[index  ] = fpdata[inext++];
	    fphelp[index+1] = fpdata[inext++];
	  }
	index += 2;
      }

  index = 0;
  for ( m = 0;   m <= trunc; m++ )
    for ( n = m; n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	if ( n > pcStart )
	  {
	    fphelp[index  ] = fpdata[inext++];
	    fphelp[index+1] = fpdata[inext++];
	  }
	index += 2;
      }

  for ( m = 0; m < nsp; m++ ) fpdata[m] = fphelp[m];

  free(fphelp);
}


void TEMPLATE(gather_complex,T)(T *fpdata, int pcStart, int trunc, int nsp)
{
  T *fphelp = (T*) malloc(nsp*sizeof(T));
  int  m, n;
  int  index, inext;

  if ( fphelp == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

  index = inext = 0;

  for ( m = 0;   m <= pcStart; m++ )
    for ( n = m; n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	if ( pcStart >= n )
	  {
	    fphelp[inext++] = fpdata[index];
	    fphelp[inext++] = fpdata[index+1];
	  }
	index += 2;
      }

  index = 0;
  for ( m = 0;   m <= trunc; m++ )
    for ( n = m; n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	if ( n > pcStart )
	  {
	    fphelp[inext++] = fpdata[index];
	    fphelp[inext++] = fpdata[index+1];
	  }
	index += 2;
      }

  for ( m = 0; m < nsp; m++ ) fpdata[m] = fphelp[m];

  free(fphelp);
}


void TEMPLATE(scm0,T)(T *pdl, T *pdr, T *pfl, T *pfr, int klg)
{
  /* System generated locals */
  double r_1;

  /* Local variables */
  int jl;
  double zfac, zeps, zbeta;
  double zalpha;

  /* **** SCM0   - Apply SCM0 limiter to derivative estimates. */
  /* output: */
  /*   pdl   = the limited derivative at the left edge of the interval */
  /*   pdr   = the limited derivative at the right edge of the interval */
  /* inputs */
  /*   pdl   = the original derivative at the left edge */
  /*   pdr   = the original derivative at the right edge */
  /*   pfl   = function value at the left edge of the interval */
  /*   pfr   = function value at the right edge of the interval */
  /*   klg   = number of intervals where the derivatives are limited */

  /*  define constants */

  zeps = 1.0e-12;
  zfac = (1.0 - zeps) * 3.0;

  for ( jl = 0; jl < klg; ++jl )
    {
      if ( (r_1 = pfr[jl] - pfl[jl], fabs(r_1)) > zeps )
	{
	  zalpha = pdl[jl] / (pfr[jl] - pfl[jl]);
	  zbeta  = pdr[jl] / (pfr[jl] - pfl[jl]);
	  if ( zalpha <= 0.0 ) pdl[jl] = 0.0;
	  if ( zbeta  <= 0.0 ) pdr[jl] = 0.0;
	  if ( zalpha > zfac ) pdl[jl] = zfac * (pfr[jl] - pfl[jl]);
	  if ( zbeta  > zfac ) pdr[jl] = zfac * (pfr[jl] - pfl[jl]);
	}
      else
	{
	  pdl[jl] = 0.0;
	  pdr[jl] = 0.0;
	}
    }
} /* scm0 */

static
int TEMPLATE(rowina3,T)(T *p, int ko, int ki, T *pw,
			int kcode, T msval, int *kret, int omisng, int operio, int oveggy)
{
  /*
C---->
C**** ROWINA3 - Interpolation of row of values.
C
C     Purpose.
C     --------
C
C     Interpolate a row of values.
C
C
C**   Interface.
C     ----------
C
C     CALL ROWINA3( P, KO, KI, PW, KCODE, PMSVAL, KRET, OMISNG, OPERIO)
C
C
C     Input Parameters.
C     -----------------
C
C     P      - Row of values to be interpolated.
C              Dimension must be at least KO.
C
C     KO     - Number of values required.
C
C     KI     - Number of values in P on input.
C
C     PW     - Working array.
C              Dimension must be at least (0:KO+2,3).
C
C     KCODE  - Interpolation required.
C              1 , linear.
C              3 , cubic.
C
C     PMSVAL - Value used for missing data indicator.
C
C     OMISNG - True if missing values are present in field.
C
C     OPERIO - True if input field is periodic.
C
C     OVEGGY - True if 'nearest neighbour' processing must be used
C              for interpolation
C
C     Output Parameters.
C     ------------------
C
C     P     - Now contains KO values.
C     KRET  - Return code
C             0, OK
C             Non-zero, error
C
C
C     Method.
C     -------
C
C     Linear or cubic interpolation performed as required.
C
C     Comments.
C     ---------
C
C     This is a version of ROWINA which allows for missing data
C     values and hence for bitmapped fields.
C
C
C     Author.
C     -------
C
C     J.D.Chambers    ECMWF     22.07.94
C
C
C     Modifications.
C     --------------
C
C     J.D.Chambers    ECMWF     13.09.94
C     Add return code KRET and remove calls to ABORT.
C
C     J. Clochard, Meteo France, for ECMWF - January 1998.
C     Addition of OMISNG and OPERIO arguments.
C
C
C     -----------------------------------------------------------------
*/
  /* System generated locals */
  int pw_dim1, pw_offset, i_1;

  /* Local variables */
  int jl, ip;
  double zwt1, zrdi, zpos;
  double zdo, zwt;

  UNUSED(omisng);

  /* Parameter adjustments */
  --p;
  pw_dim1 = ko + 3;
  pw_offset = pw_dim1;
  pw -= pw_offset;

  *kret = 0;

  if ( kcode == 1 )
    {
      /*    Move input values to work array */
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= ki; ++jl )
	pw[jl + pw_dim1] = p[jl];

      if ( operio )
	{
	  /* Arrange wrap-around value in work array */
	  pw[ki + 1 + pw_dim1] = p[1];

	  /* Set up constants to be used to figure out weighting for */
	  /* values in interpolation. */
	  zrdi = (double) ki;
	  zdo = 1.0 / (double) ko;
	}
      else
	{
	  /* Repeat last value, to cope with "implicit truncation" below */
	  pw[ki + 1 + pw_dim1] = p[ki];

	  /* Set up constants to be used to figure out weighting for */
	  /* values in interpolation. */
	  zrdi = (double) (ki-1);
	  zdo = 1.0 / (double) (ko-1);
 	}

      /*    Loop through the output points */
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= ko; ++jl )
	{

	  /* Calculate weight from the start of row */
	  zpos = (jl - 1) * zdo;
	  zwt = zpos * zrdi;

	  /* Get the current array position(minus 1) from the weight - */
	  /* note the implicit truncation. */
	  ip = (int) zwt;
		  
	  /* Adjust the weight to range (0.0 to 1.0) */
	  zwt -= ip;

          /* If 'nearest neighbour' processing must be used */
	  if ( oveggy )
	    {
              if ( zwt < 0.5 )
                p[jl] = pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1];
	      else
		p[jl] = pw[ip + 2 + pw_dim1];
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      /*    If the left value is missing, use the right value */
	      if ( IS_EQUAL(pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1], msval) )
		{
		  p[jl] = pw[ip + 2 + pw_dim1];
		}
	      /*    If the right value is missing, use the left value */
	      else if ( IS_EQUAL(pw[ip + 2 + pw_dim1], msval) )
		{
		  p[jl] = pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1];
		}
	      /*    If neither missing, interpolate ... */
	      else
		{
		  /*  Interpolate using the weighted values on either side */
		  /*  of the output point position */
		  p[jl] = (1.0 - zwt) * pw[ip+1 + pw_dim1] +
		                  zwt * pw[ip+2 + pw_dim1];
		}
	    }
	}
    }
  else if ( kcode == 3 )
    {
      /*     *******************************    */
      /*     Section 2.  Cubic interpolation .. */
      /*     *******************************    */
      i_1 = ki;
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= i_1; ++jl )
	{
          if ( IS_EQUAL(p[jl], msval) )
	    {
	      fprintf(stderr," ROWINA3: ");
	      fprintf(stderr," Cubic interpolation not supported");
	      fprintf(stderr," for fields containing missing data.\n");
	      *kret = 1;
	      goto L900;
	    }
          pw[jl + pw_dim1] = p[jl];
	}
      pw[pw_dim1] = p[ki];
      pw[ki + 1 + pw_dim1] = p[1];
      pw[ki + 2 + pw_dim1] = p[2];
      i_1 = ki;
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= i_1; ++jl )
	{
          pw[jl + (pw_dim1 << 1)] =
	        - pw[jl - 1 + pw_dim1] / 3.0 -
	          pw[jl     + pw_dim1] * 0.5 +
	          pw[jl + 1 + pw_dim1] - pw[jl + 2 + pw_dim1] / 6.0;
          pw[jl + 1 + pw_dim1 * 3] =
                  pw[jl - 1 + pw_dim1] / 6.0 -
                  pw[jl     + pw_dim1] +
                  pw[jl + 1 + pw_dim1] * 0.5 +
                  pw[jl + 2 + pw_dim1] / 3.0;
	}

      TEMPLATE(scm0,T)(&pw[(pw_dim1 << 1) + 1], &pw[pw_dim1 * 3 + 2],
		       &pw[pw_dim1 + 1], &pw[pw_dim1 + 2], ki);

      zrdi = (double) ki;
      zdo = 1.0 / (double) ko;
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= ko; ++jl )
	{
          zpos = (jl - 1) * zdo;
          zwt = zpos * zrdi;
          ip = (int) zwt + 1;
          zwt = zwt + 1.0 - ip;
          zwt1 = 1.0 - zwt;
          p[jl] = ((3.0 - zwt1 * 2.0) * pw[ip + pw_dim1] +
                  zwt * pw[ip + (pw_dim1 << 1)]) * zwt1 * zwt1 +
                  ((3.0 - zwt * 2.0) * pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1] -
                  zwt1 * pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1 * 3]) * zwt * zwt;
	}

    }
  else
    {
      /*    **************************************    */
      /*    Section 3.  Invalid interpolation code .. */
      /*    **************************************    */
      fprintf(stderr," ROWINA3:");
      fprintf(stderr," Invalid interpolation code = %2d\n",kcode);
      *kret = 2;
    }

L900:
    return 0;
} /* rowina3 */


int TEMPLATE(qu2reg3,T)(T *pfield, int *kpoint, int klat, int klon,
			T msval, int *kret, int omisng, int operio, int oveggy)
{
  /*
C**** QU2REG3 - Convert quasi-regular grid data to regular.
C
C     Purpose.
C     --------
C
C     Convert quasi-regular grid data to regular,
C     using either a linear or cubic interpolation.
C
C
C**   Interface.
C     ----------
C
C     CALL QU2REG3(PFIELD,KPOINT,KLAT,KLON,KCODE,PMSVAL,OMISNG,OPERIO,
C    X            OVEGGY)
C
C
C     Input Parameters.
C     -----------------
C
C     PFIELD     - Array containing quasi-regular grid data.
C
C     KPOINT     - Array containing list of the number of
C                  points on each latitude (or longitude) of
C                  the quasi-regular grid.
C
C     KLAT       - Number of latitude lines
C
C     KLON       - Number of longitude lines
C
C     KCODE      - Interpolation required.
C                  1 , linear - data quasi-regular on latitude lines.
C                  3 , cubic -  data quasi-regular on latitude lines.
C                  11, linear - data quasi-regular on longitude lines.
C                  13, cubic -  data quasi-regular on longitude lines.
C
C     PMSVAL     - Value used for missing data indicator.
C
C     OMISNG     - True if missing values are present in field.
C
C     OPERIO     - True if input field is periodic.
C
C     OVEGGY     - True if 'nearest neighbour' processing must be used
C                  for interpolation
C
C
C     Output Parameters.
C     ------------------
C
C     KRET       - return code
C                  0 = OK
C                  non-zero indicates fatal error
C
C
C     Output Parameters.
C     ------------------
C
C     PFIELD     - Array containing regular grid data.
C
C
C     Method.
C     -------
C
C     Data is interpolated and expanded into a temporary array,
C     which is then copied back into the user's array.
C     Returns an error code if an invalid interpolation is requested
C     or field size exceeds array dimensions.
C
C     Comments.
C     ---------
C
C     This routine is an adaptation of QU2REG to allow missing data
C     values, and hence bit mapped fields.
C
C
C     Author.
C     -------
C
C     J.D.Chambers     ECMWF      22.07.94
C
C
C     Modifications.
C     --------------
C
C     J.D.Chambers     ECMWF      13.09.94
C     Add return code KRET and remove calls to ABORT.
C
C     J.D.Chambers     ECMWF        Feb 1997
C     Allow for 64-bit pointers
C
C     J. Clochard, Meteo France, for ECMWF - January 1998.
C     Addition of OMISNG and OPERIO arguments.
C     Fix message for longitude number out of bounds, and routine
C     name in title and formats.
C
*/
   /* System generated locals */
   int i_1, i_2;
   int kcode = 1;

   /* Local variables */
   int ilii, ilio, icode;
   int iregno, iquano, j210, j220, j230, j240, j225;
   T *ztemp = NULL;
   T *zline = NULL;
   T *zwork = NULL;

   ztemp = (T*) malloc(klon*klat*sizeof(T));
   if ( ztemp == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

   zline = (T*) malloc(2*klon*sizeof(T));
   if ( zline == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

   zwork = (T*) malloc(3*(2*klon+3)*sizeof(T));
   if ( zwork == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

   /* Parameter adjustments */
   --pfield;
   --kpoint;

/* ------------------------------ */
/* Section 1. Set initial values. */
/* ------------------------------ */

   *kret = 0;

/* Check input parameters. */

   if (kcode != 1 && kcode != 3 && kcode != 11 && kcode != 13) {
      fprintf(stderr," QU2REG :");
      fprintf(stderr," Invalid interpolation type code = %2d\n",kcode);
      *kret = 1;
      goto L900;
   }

/* Set array indices to 0. */

   ilii = 0;
   ilio = 0;

/* Establish values of loop parameters. */

   if (kcode > 10) {

/*    Quasi-regular along longitude lines. */

      iquano = klon;
      iregno = klat;
      icode = kcode - 10;
   } else {

/*    Quasi-regular along latitude lines. */

      iquano = klat;
      iregno = klon;
      icode = kcode;
   }

/*     -------------------------------------------------------- */
/**    Section 2. Interpolate field from quasi to regular grid. */
/*     -------------------------------------------------------- */

   i_1 = iquano;
   for (j230 = 1; j230 <= i_1; ++j230) {

      if (iregno != kpoint[j230]) {

/*       Line contains less values than required,so */
/*       extract quasi-regular grid values for a line */

         i_2 = kpoint[j230];
         for (j210 = 1; j210 <= i_2; ++j210) {
            ++ilii;
            zline[j210 - 1] = pfield[ilii];
         }

/*       and interpolate this line. */

         TEMPLATE(rowina3,T)(zline, iregno, kpoint[j230], zwork, icode, msval, kret, omisng, operio , oveggy);
         if (*kret != 0) goto L900;

/*       Add regular grid values for this line to the
         temporary array. */

         i_2 = iregno;
         for (j220 = 1; j220 <= i_2; ++j220) {
            ++ilio;
            ztemp[ilio - 1] = zline[j220 - 1];
         }

      } else {

/*       Line contains the required number of values, so add */
/*       this line to the temporary array. */

         i_2 = iregno;
         for (j225 = 1; j225 <= i_2; ++j225) {
            ++ilio;
            ++ilii;
            ztemp[ilio - 1] = pfield[ilii];
         }
      }
   }

/* Copy temporary array to user array. */

   i_1 = klon * klat;
   for (j240 = 1; j240 <= i_1; ++j240) {
      pfield[j240] = ztemp[j240 - 1];
   }

/* -------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Section 9. Return to calling routine. Format statements. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------- */

L900:

   free(zwork);
   free(zline);
   free(ztemp);

   return 0;
} /* qu2reg3 */

#endif /* T */

#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T float
#ifdef T

void TEMPLATE(scale_complex,T)(T *fpdata, int pcStart, int pcScale, int trunc, int inv)
{
  double power;
  double *scale = (double*) malloc((trunc+1)*sizeof(double));
  int  n, m;
  int  index;

  if ( scale == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

  if ( pcScale < -10000 || pcScale > 10000 )
    {
      fprintf(stderr, " %s: Invalid power given %6d\n", __func__, pcScale);
      return;
   }

  /* Setup scaling factors = n(n+1)^^p for n = 1 to truncation */

  if ( pcScale == 0 ) return;

  power = (double) pcScale / 1000.;
  scale[0] = 1.0;

  for ( n = 1; n <= trunc; n++ )
    {
      if (pcScale != 1000)
         scale[n] = pow((double) (n*(n+1)), power);
      else
         scale[n] =     (double) (n*(n+1));
    }

  if ( inv )
    for ( n = 1; n <= trunc; n++ ) scale[n] = 1.0 / scale[n];

  /* Scale the values */

  index = 0;

  for ( m = 0;   m < pcStart; m++ )
    for ( n = m; n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	if ( n >= pcStart )
	  {
	    fpdata[index  ] *= scale[n];
	    fpdata[index+1] *= scale[n];
	  }
	index += 2;
      }

  for ( m = pcStart; m <= trunc; m++ )
    for ( n = m;     n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	fpdata[index  ] *= scale[n];
	fpdata[index+1] *= scale[n];
	index += 2;
      }

  free(scale);
}


void TEMPLATE(scatter_complex,T)(T *fpdata, int pcStart, int trunc, int nsp)
{
  T *fphelp = (T*) malloc(nsp*sizeof(T));
  int  m, n;
  int  index, inext;

  if ( fphelp == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

  index = inext = 0;

  for ( m = 0;   m <= pcStart; m++ )
    for ( n = m; n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	if ( pcStart >= n )
	  {
	    fphelp[index  ] = fpdata[inext++];
	    fphelp[index+1] = fpdata[inext++];
	  }
	index += 2;
      }

  index = 0;
  for ( m = 0;   m <= trunc; m++ )
    for ( n = m; n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	if ( n > pcStart )
	  {
	    fphelp[index  ] = fpdata[inext++];
	    fphelp[index+1] = fpdata[inext++];
	  }
	index += 2;
      }

  for ( m = 0; m < nsp; m++ ) fpdata[m] = fphelp[m];

  free(fphelp);
}


void TEMPLATE(gather_complex,T)(T *fpdata, int pcStart, int trunc, int nsp)
{
  T *fphelp = (T*) malloc(nsp*sizeof(T));
  int  m, n;
  int  index, inext;

  if ( fphelp == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

  index = inext = 0;

  for ( m = 0;   m <= pcStart; m++ )
    for ( n = m; n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	if ( pcStart >= n )
	  {
	    fphelp[inext++] = fpdata[index];
	    fphelp[inext++] = fpdata[index+1];
	  }
	index += 2;
      }

  index = 0;
  for ( m = 0;   m <= trunc; m++ )
    for ( n = m; n <= trunc; n++ )
      {
	if ( n > pcStart )
	  {
	    fphelp[inext++] = fpdata[index];
	    fphelp[inext++] = fpdata[index+1];
	  }
	index += 2;
      }

  for ( m = 0; m < nsp; m++ ) fpdata[m] = fphelp[m];

  free(fphelp);
}


void TEMPLATE(scm0,T)(T *pdl, T *pdr, T *pfl, T *pfr, int klg)
{
  /* System generated locals */
  double r_1;

  /* Local variables */
  int jl;
  double zfac, zeps, zbeta;
  double zalpha;

  /* **** SCM0   - Apply SCM0 limiter to derivative estimates. */
  /* output: */
  /*   pdl   = the limited derivative at the left edge of the interval */
  /*   pdr   = the limited derivative at the right edge of the interval */
  /* inputs */
  /*   pdl   = the original derivative at the left edge */
  /*   pdr   = the original derivative at the right edge */
  /*   pfl   = function value at the left edge of the interval */
  /*   pfr   = function value at the right edge of the interval */
  /*   klg   = number of intervals where the derivatives are limited */

  /*  define constants */

  zeps = 1.0e-12;
  zfac = (1.0 - zeps) * 3.0;

  for ( jl = 0; jl < klg; ++jl )
    {
      if ( (r_1 = pfr[jl] - pfl[jl], fabs(r_1)) > zeps )
	{
	  zalpha = pdl[jl] / (pfr[jl] - pfl[jl]);
	  zbeta  = pdr[jl] / (pfr[jl] - pfl[jl]);
	  if ( zalpha <= 0.0 ) pdl[jl] = 0.0;
	  if ( zbeta  <= 0.0 ) pdr[jl] = 0.0;
	  if ( zalpha > zfac ) pdl[jl] = zfac * (pfr[jl] - pfl[jl]);
	  if ( zbeta  > zfac ) pdr[jl] = zfac * (pfr[jl] - pfl[jl]);
	}
      else
	{
	  pdl[jl] = 0.0;
	  pdr[jl] = 0.0;
	}
    }
} /* scm0 */

static
int TEMPLATE(rowina3,T)(T *p, int ko, int ki, T *pw,
			int kcode, T msval, int *kret, int omisng, int operio, int oveggy)
{
  /*
C---->
C**** ROWINA3 - Interpolation of row of values.
C
C     Purpose.
C     --------
C
C     Interpolate a row of values.
C
C
C**   Interface.
C     ----------
C
C     CALL ROWINA3( P, KO, KI, PW, KCODE, PMSVAL, KRET, OMISNG, OPERIO)
C
C
C     Input Parameters.
C     -----------------
C
C     P      - Row of values to be interpolated.
C              Dimension must be at least KO.
C
C     KO     - Number of values required.
C
C     KI     - Number of values in P on input.
C
C     PW     - Working array.
C              Dimension must be at least (0:KO+2,3).
C
C     KCODE  - Interpolation required.
C              1 , linear.
C              3 , cubic.
C
C     PMSVAL - Value used for missing data indicator.
C
C     OMISNG - True if missing values are present in field.
C
C     OPERIO - True if input field is periodic.
C
C     OVEGGY - True if 'nearest neighbour' processing must be used
C              for interpolation
C
C     Output Parameters.
C     ------------------
C
C     P     - Now contains KO values.
C     KRET  - Return code
C             0, OK
C             Non-zero, error
C
C
C     Method.
C     -------
C
C     Linear or cubic interpolation performed as required.
C
C     Comments.
C     ---------
C
C     This is a version of ROWINA which allows for missing data
C     values and hence for bitmapped fields.
C
C
C     Author.
C     -------
C
C     J.D.Chambers    ECMWF     22.07.94
C
C
C     Modifications.
C     --------------
C
C     J.D.Chambers    ECMWF     13.09.94
C     Add return code KRET and remove calls to ABORT.
C
C     J. Clochard, Meteo France, for ECMWF - January 1998.
C     Addition of OMISNG and OPERIO arguments.
C
C
C     -----------------------------------------------------------------
*/
  /* System generated locals */
  int pw_dim1, pw_offset, i_1;

  /* Local variables */
  int jl, ip;
  double zwt1, zrdi, zpos;
  double zdo, zwt;

  UNUSED(omisng);

  /* Parameter adjustments */
  --p;
  pw_dim1 = ko + 3;
  pw_offset = pw_dim1;
  pw -= pw_offset;

  *kret = 0;

  if ( kcode == 1 )
    {
      /*    Move input values to work array */
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= ki; ++jl )
	pw[jl + pw_dim1] = p[jl];

      if ( operio )
	{
	  /* Arrange wrap-around value in work array */
	  pw[ki + 1 + pw_dim1] = p[1];

	  /* Set up constants to be used to figure out weighting for */
	  /* values in interpolation. */
	  zrdi = (double) ki;
	  zdo = 1.0 / (double) ko;
	}
      else
	{
	  /* Repeat last value, to cope with "implicit truncation" below */
	  pw[ki + 1 + pw_dim1] = p[ki];

	  /* Set up constants to be used to figure out weighting for */
	  /* values in interpolation. */
	  zrdi = (double) (ki-1);
	  zdo = 1.0 / (double) (ko-1);
 	}

      /*    Loop through the output points */
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= ko; ++jl )
	{

	  /* Calculate weight from the start of row */
	  zpos = (jl - 1) * zdo;
	  zwt = zpos * zrdi;

	  /* Get the current array position(minus 1) from the weight - */
	  /* note the implicit truncation. */
	  ip = (int) zwt;
		  
	  /* Adjust the weight to range (0.0 to 1.0) */
	  zwt -= ip;

          /* If 'nearest neighbour' processing must be used */
	  if ( oveggy )
	    {
              if ( zwt < 0.5 )
                p[jl] = pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1];
	      else
		p[jl] = pw[ip + 2 + pw_dim1];
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      /*    If the left value is missing, use the right value */
	      if ( IS_EQUAL(pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1], msval) )
		{
		  p[jl] = pw[ip + 2 + pw_dim1];
		}
	      /*    If the right value is missing, use the left value */
	      else if ( IS_EQUAL(pw[ip + 2 + pw_dim1], msval) )
		{
		  p[jl] = pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1];
		}
	      /*    If neither missing, interpolate ... */
	      else
		{
		  /*  Interpolate using the weighted values on either side */
		  /*  of the output point position */
		  p[jl] = (1.0 - zwt) * pw[ip+1 + pw_dim1] +
		                  zwt * pw[ip+2 + pw_dim1];
		}
	    }
	}
    }
  else if ( kcode == 3 )
    {
      /*     *******************************    */
      /*     Section 2.  Cubic interpolation .. */
      /*     *******************************    */
      i_1 = ki;
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= i_1; ++jl )
	{
          if ( IS_EQUAL(p[jl], msval) )
	    {
	      fprintf(stderr," ROWINA3: ");
	      fprintf(stderr," Cubic interpolation not supported");
	      fprintf(stderr," for fields containing missing data.\n");
	      *kret = 1;
	      goto L900;
	    }
          pw[jl + pw_dim1] = p[jl];
	}
      pw[pw_dim1] = p[ki];
      pw[ki + 1 + pw_dim1] = p[1];
      pw[ki + 2 + pw_dim1] = p[2];
      i_1 = ki;
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= i_1; ++jl )
	{
          pw[jl + (pw_dim1 << 1)] =
	        - pw[jl - 1 + pw_dim1] / 3.0 -
	          pw[jl     + pw_dim1] * 0.5 +
	          pw[jl + 1 + pw_dim1] - pw[jl + 2 + pw_dim1] / 6.0;
          pw[jl + 1 + pw_dim1 * 3] =
                  pw[jl - 1 + pw_dim1] / 6.0 -
                  pw[jl     + pw_dim1] +
                  pw[jl + 1 + pw_dim1] * 0.5 +
                  pw[jl + 2 + pw_dim1] / 3.0;
	}

      TEMPLATE(scm0,T)(&pw[(pw_dim1 << 1) + 1], &pw[pw_dim1 * 3 + 2],
		       &pw[pw_dim1 + 1], &pw[pw_dim1 + 2], ki);

      zrdi = (double) ki;
      zdo = 1.0 / (double) ko;
      for ( jl = 1; jl <= ko; ++jl )
	{
          zpos = (jl - 1) * zdo;
          zwt = zpos * zrdi;
          ip = (int) zwt + 1;
          zwt = zwt + 1.0 - ip;
          zwt1 = 1.0 - zwt;
          p[jl] = ((3.0 - zwt1 * 2.0) * pw[ip + pw_dim1] +
                  zwt * pw[ip + (pw_dim1 << 1)]) * zwt1 * zwt1 +
                  ((3.0 - zwt * 2.0) * pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1] -
                  zwt1 * pw[ip + 1 + pw_dim1 * 3]) * zwt * zwt;
	}

    }
  else
    {
      /*    **************************************    */
      /*    Section 3.  Invalid interpolation code .. */
      /*    **************************************    */
      fprintf(stderr," ROWINA3:");
      fprintf(stderr," Invalid interpolation code = %2d\n",kcode);
      *kret = 2;
    }

L900:
    return 0;
} /* rowina3 */


int TEMPLATE(qu2reg3,T)(T *pfield, int *kpoint, int klat, int klon,
			T msval, int *kret, int omisng, int operio, int oveggy)
{
  /*
C**** QU2REG3 - Convert quasi-regular grid data to regular.
C
C     Purpose.
C     --------
C
C     Convert quasi-regular grid data to regular,
C     using either a linear or cubic interpolation.
C
C
C**   Interface.
C     ----------
C
C     CALL QU2REG3(PFIELD,KPOINT,KLAT,KLON,KCODE,PMSVAL,OMISNG,OPERIO,
C    X            OVEGGY)
C
C
C     Input Parameters.
C     -----------------
C
C     PFIELD     - Array containing quasi-regular grid data.
C
C     KPOINT     - Array containing list of the number of
C                  points on each latitude (or longitude) of
C                  the quasi-regular grid.
C
C     KLAT       - Number of latitude lines
C
C     KLON       - Number of longitude lines
C
C     KCODE      - Interpolation required.
C                  1 , linear - data quasi-regular on latitude lines.
C                  3 , cubic -  data quasi-regular on latitude lines.
C                  11, linear - data quasi-regular on longitude lines.
C                  13, cubic -  data quasi-regular on longitude lines.
C
C     PMSVAL     - Value used for missing data indicator.
C
C     OMISNG     - True if missing values are present in field.
C
C     OPERIO     - True if input field is periodic.
C
C     OVEGGY     - True if 'nearest neighbour' processing must be used
C                  for interpolation
C
C
C     Output Parameters.
C     ------------------
C
C     KRET       - return code
C                  0 = OK
C                  non-zero indicates fatal error
C
C
C     Output Parameters.
C     ------------------
C
C     PFIELD     - Array containing regular grid data.
C
C
C     Method.
C     -------
C
C     Data is interpolated and expanded into a temporary array,
C     which is then copied back into the user's array.
C     Returns an error code if an invalid interpolation is requested
C     or field size exceeds array dimensions.
C
C     Comments.
C     ---------
C
C     This routine is an adaptation of QU2REG to allow missing data
C     values, and hence bit mapped fields.
C
C
C     Author.
C     -------
C
C     J.D.Chambers     ECMWF      22.07.94
C
C
C     Modifications.
C     --------------
C
C     J.D.Chambers     ECMWF      13.09.94
C     Add return code KRET and remove calls to ABORT.
C
C     J.D.Chambers     ECMWF        Feb 1997
C     Allow for 64-bit pointers
C
C     J. Clochard, Meteo France, for ECMWF - January 1998.
C     Addition of OMISNG and OPERIO arguments.
C     Fix message for longitude number out of bounds, and routine
C     name in title and formats.
C
*/
   /* System generated locals */
   int i_1, i_2;
   int kcode = 1;

   /* Local variables */
   int ilii, ilio, icode;
   int iregno, iquano, j210, j220, j230, j240, j225;
   T *ztemp = NULL;
   T *zline = NULL;
   T *zwork = NULL;

   ztemp = (T*) malloc(klon*klat*sizeof(T));
   if ( ztemp == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

   zline = (T*) malloc(2*klon*sizeof(T));
   if ( zline == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

   zwork = (T*) malloc(3*(2*klon+3)*sizeof(T));
   if ( zwork == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

   /* Parameter adjustments */
   --pfield;
   --kpoint;

/* ------------------------------ */
/* Section 1. Set initial values. */
/* ------------------------------ */

   *kret = 0;

/* Check input parameters. */

   if (kcode != 1 && kcode != 3 && kcode != 11 && kcode != 13) {
      fprintf(stderr," QU2REG :");
      fprintf(stderr," Invalid interpolation type code = %2d\n",kcode);
      *kret = 1;
      goto L900;
   }

/* Set array indices to 0. */

   ilii = 0;
   ilio = 0;

/* Establish values of loop parameters. */

   if (kcode > 10) {

/*    Quasi-regular along longitude lines. */

      iquano = klon;
      iregno = klat;
      icode = kcode - 10;
   } else {

/*    Quasi-regular along latitude lines. */

      iquano = klat;
      iregno = klon;
      icode = kcode;
   }

/*     -------------------------------------------------------- */
/**    Section 2. Interpolate field from quasi to regular grid. */
/*     -------------------------------------------------------- */

   i_1 = iquano;
   for (j230 = 1; j230 <= i_1; ++j230) {

      if (iregno != kpoint[j230]) {

/*       Line contains less values than required,so */
/*       extract quasi-regular grid values for a line */

         i_2 = kpoint[j230];
         for (j210 = 1; j210 <= i_2; ++j210) {
            ++ilii;
            zline[j210 - 1] = pfield[ilii];
         }

/*       and interpolate this line. */

         TEMPLATE(rowina3,T)(zline, iregno, kpoint[j230], zwork, icode, msval, kret, omisng, operio , oveggy);
         if (*kret != 0) goto L900;

/*       Add regular grid values for this line to the
         temporary array. */

         i_2 = iregno;
         for (j220 = 1; j220 <= i_2; ++j220) {
            ++ilio;
            ztemp[ilio - 1] = zline[j220 - 1];
         }

      } else {

/*       Line contains the required number of values, so add */
/*       this line to the temporary array. */

         i_2 = iregno;
         for (j225 = 1; j225 <= i_2; ++j225) {
            ++ilio;
            ++ilii;
            ztemp[ilio - 1] = pfield[ilii];
         }
      }
   }

/* Copy temporary array to user array. */

   i_1 = klon * klat;
   for (j240 = 1; j240 <= i_1; ++j240) {
      pfield[j240] = ztemp[j240 - 1];
   }

/* -------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Section 9. Return to calling routine. Format statements. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------- */

L900:

   free(zwork);
   free(zline);
   free(ztemp);

   return 0;
} /* qu2reg3 */

#endif /* T */
#include <string.h>



int gribVersion(unsigned char *is, size_t buffersize)
{
  if ( buffersize < 8 )
    Error("Buffer too small (current size %d)!", (int) buffersize);

  return (GRIB_EDITION(is));
}

static 
double GET_Real(unsigned char *grib)
{
  int iexp, imant;

  iexp  = GET_UINT1(grib[0]);
  imant = GET_UINT3(grib[1], grib[2], grib[3]);

  return (decfp2(iexp, imant));
}

static 
int decodeIS(unsigned char *is, int *isec0, int *iret)
{
  int isLen = 0;
  int grib1offset;
  int lgrib = FALSE, lbudg = FALSE, ltide = FALSE;

  /*
    Octets 1 - 4 : The letters G R I B.
    Four 8 bit fields.
  */
  /*
    Check letters -> GRIB, BUDG or TIDE.
  */
  /*
    Check that 'GRIB' is found where expected.
  */
  if ( GRIB_START(is) ) lgrib = TRUE;
  /*
    ECMWF pseudo-grib data uses 'BUDG' and 'TIDE'.
  */
  if ( BUDG_START(is) ) lbudg = TRUE;
  if ( TIDE_START(is) ) ltide = TRUE;
  /*
    Data is not GRIB or pseudo-grib.
  */
  if ( lgrib == FALSE && lbudg == FALSE && ltide == FALSE )
    {
      *iret = 305;
      gprintf(__func__, "Input data is not GRIB or pseudo-grib.");
      gprintf(__func__, "Return code = %d", *iret);
    }
  if ( lbudg == TRUE || ltide == TRUE )
    {
      *iret = 305;
      gprintf(__func__, "Pseudo-grib data unsupported.");
      gprintf(__func__, "Return code = %d", *iret);
    }

  /*
    Octets 5 - 7 : Length of message.
    One 24 bit field.
  */
  ISEC0_GRIB_Len = GRIB1_SECLEN(is);
  /*
    Octet 8 : GRIB Edition Number.
    One 8 bit field.
  */
  ISEC0_GRIB_Version = GRIB_EDITION(is);

  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Version > 1 )
    Error("GRIB version %d unsupported!", ISEC0_GRIB_Version);

  grib1offset = ISEC0_GRIB_Version * 4;

  isLen = 4 + grib1offset;

  return (isLen);
}

static 
void decodePDS_ECMWF_local_Extension_1(unsigned char *pds, int *isec1)
{
  isec1[36] = GET_UINT1(pds[40]);         /* extension identifier       */
  isec1[37] = GET_UINT1(pds[41]);         /* Class                      */
  isec1[38] = GET_UINT1(pds[42]);         /* Type                       */
  isec1[39] = GET_UINT2(pds[43],pds[44]); /* Stream                     */
  /* isec1[40] = GET_UINT4(pds[45],pds[46],pds[47],pds[48]); */
  memcpy((char*) &isec1[40], &pds[45], 4);
  isec1[41] = GET_UINT1(pds[49]);         /* Forecast number            */
  isec1[42] = GET_UINT1(pds[50]);         /* Total number of forecasts  */
}

static 
void decodePDS_DWD_local_Extension_254(unsigned char *pds, int *isec1)
{
  long i;
  int isvn;

  isec1[36] = GET_UINT1(pds[40]); /* extension identifier */
  for ( i = 0; i < 11; i++ ) 
    { 
      isec1[37+i] =  GET_UINT1(pds[41+i]);
    } 

  isvn = GET_UINT2(pds[52],pds[53]);
  
  isec1[48] =  isvn % 0x8000;              /* DWD experiment identifier            */
  isec1[49] =  isvn >> 15;                 /* DWD run type (0=main, 2=ass, 3=test) */

}

static 
void decodePDS_DWD_local_Extension_253(unsigned char *pds, int *isec1)
{
  long i;
  int isvn;

  isec1[36] = GET_UINT1(pds[40]); /* extension identifier */
  for ( i = 0; i < 11; i++ ) 
    { 
      isec1[37+i] =  GET_UINT1(pds[41+i]);
    } 

  isvn = GET_UINT2(pds[52],pds[53]);
  
  isec1[48] =  isvn % 0x8000;              /* DWD experiment identifier            */
  isec1[49] =  isvn >> 15;                 /* DWD run type (0=main, 2=ass, 3=test) */
  isec1[50] =  GET_UINT1(pds[54]);         /* User id, specified by table          */
  isec1[51] =  GET_UINT2(pds[55],pds[56]); /* Experiment identifier                */
  isec1[52] =  GET_UINT2(pds[57],pds[58]); /* Ensemble identification by table     */
  isec1[53] =  GET_UINT2(pds[59],pds[60]); /* Number of ensemble members           */
  isec1[54] =  GET_UINT2(pds[61],pds[62]); /* Actual number of ensemble member     */
  isec1[55] =  GET_UINT1(pds[63]);         /* Model major version number           */
  isec1[56] =  GET_UINT1(pds[64]);         /* Model minor version number           */

}

static 
void decodePDS_MPIM_local_Extension_1(unsigned char *pds, int *isec1)
{
  isec1[36] = GET_UINT1(pds[40]);         /* extension identifier            */
  isec1[37] = GET_UINT1(pds[41]);         /* type of ensemble forecast       */
  isec1[38] = GET_UINT2(pds[42],pds[43]); /* individual ensemble member      */
  isec1[39] = GET_UINT2(pds[44],pds[45]); /* number of forecasts in ensemble */
}

static 
int decodePDS(unsigned char *pds, int *isec0, int *isec1)
{
  int pdsLen;

  pdsLen = PDS_Len;

  ISEC1_CodeTable      = PDS_CodeTable;
  ISEC1_CenterID       = PDS_CenterID;
  ISEC1_ModelID        = PDS_ModelID;
  ISEC1_GridDefinition = PDS_GridDefinition;
  ISEC1_Sec2Or3Flag    = PDS_Sec2Or3Flag;
  ISEC1_Parameter      = PDS_Parameter;
  ISEC1_LevelType      = PDS_LevelType;

  if ( (ISEC1_LevelType !=  20) && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_99)        && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_ISOBARIC)  && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_ALTITUDE)  && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_HEIGHT)    && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_SIGMA)     && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_HYBRID)    && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_LANDDEPTH) && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_ISENTROPIC) && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 115) && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 117) && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 125) && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 127) && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_SEADEPTH)  && 
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 210) )
    {
      ISEC1_Level1 = PDS_Level1;
      ISEC1_Level2 = PDS_Level2;
    }
  else
    {
      ISEC1_Level1 = PDS_Level;
      ISEC1_Level2 = 0;
    }

  /* ISEC1_Year        = PDS_Year; */
  ISEC1_Month          = PDS_Month;
  ISEC1_Day            = PDS_Day;
  ISEC1_Hour           = PDS_Hour;
  ISEC1_Minute         = PDS_Minute;
  ISEC1_TimeUnit       = PDS_TimeUnit;
  ISEC1_TimePeriod1    = PDS_TimePeriod1;
  ISEC1_TimePeriod2    = PDS_TimePeriod2;
  ISEC1_TimeRange      = PDS_TimeRange;
  ISEC1_AvgNum         = PDS_AvgNum;
  ISEC1_AvgMiss        = PDS_AvgMiss;

  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Version == 1 )
    {
      ISEC1_Year           = PDS_Year;
      ISEC1_Century        = PDS_Century;
      ISEC1_SubCenterID    = PDS_Subcenter;
      ISEC1_DecScaleFactor = PDS_DecimalScale;
    }
  else
    {
      int year;
      year                 = GET_UINT1(pds[12]);
      if ( year <= 100 )
	{
	  ISEC1_Year       = year;
	  ISEC1_Century    = 1;
	}
      else
	{
	  ISEC1_Year       = year%100;
	  ISEC1_Century    = 1 + (year-ISEC1_Year)/100;
	}
      ISEC1_SubCenterID    = 0;
      ISEC1_DecScaleFactor = 0;
    }

  if ( ISEC1_Year < 0 )
    {
      ISEC1_Year    = -ISEC1_Year;
      ISEC1_Century = -ISEC1_Century;
    }

  ISEC1_LocalFLag = 0;
  if ( pdsLen > 28 )
    {
      int localextlen;
      localextlen = pdsLen-28;

      if ( localextlen > 4000 )
	{
	  Warning("PDS larger than 4000 bytes not supported!");
	}
      else
	{
	  ISEC1_LocalFLag = 1;

	  if ( ISEC1_CenterID == 78 || ISEC1_CenterID == 215 || ISEC1_CenterID == 250 )
	    {
	      if ( pds[40] == 254 ) 
		{
		  decodePDS_DWD_local_Extension_254(pds, isec1);
		}
	      else if ( pds[40] == 253 )
		{ 
		  decodePDS_DWD_local_Extension_253(pds, isec1);
		}
	    }
	  else if ( (ISEC1_CenterID    == 98 && ISEC1_LocalFLag ==  1) ||
		    (ISEC1_SubCenterID == 98 && ISEC1_LocalFLag ==  1) ||
		    (ISEC1_CenterID    ==  7 && ISEC1_SubCenterID == 98) )
	    {
	      if ( pds[40] == 1 )
		decodePDS_ECMWF_local_Extension_1(pds, isec1);
	    }
	  else if ( ISEC1_CenterID    == 252 && ISEC1_LocalFLag ==  1 )
	    {
	      if ( pds[40] == 1 )
		decodePDS_MPIM_local_Extension_1(pds, isec1);	      
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      long i;
	      for ( i = 0; i < localextlen; i++ )
		{
		  isec1[24+i] = pds[28+i];
		}
	    }
	}
    }

  return (pdsLen);
}


void gribPrintSec2_double(int *isec0, int *isec2, double *fsec2) {gribPrintSec2DP(isec0, isec2, fsec2);}
void gribPrintSec3_double(int *isec0, int *isec3, double *fsec3) {gribPrintSec3DP(isec0, isec3, fsec3);}
void gribPrintSec4_double(int *isec0, int *isec4, double *fsec4) {gribPrintSec4DP(isec0, isec4, fsec4);}
void gribPrintSec2_float(int *isec0, int *isec2, float *fsec2) {gribPrintSec2SP(isec0, isec2, fsec2);}
void gribPrintSec3_float(int *isec0, int *isec3, float *fsec3) {gribPrintSec3SP(isec0, isec3, fsec3);}
void gribPrintSec4_float(int *isec0, int *isec4, float *fsec4) {gribPrintSec4SP(isec0, isec4, fsec4);}



#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T double
#ifdef T

static 
void TEMPLATE(decode_array_common,T)(const unsigned char * restrict igrib, long jlend, int NumBits, 
				     T fmin, T zscale, T * restrict fpdata)
{
  /* code from wgrib routine BDS_unpack */
  const unsigned char *bits = igrib;
  unsigned int jmask;
  long i;
  unsigned int tbits = 0;
  int n_bits = NumBits;
  int t_bits = 0;
      
  jmask = (1 << n_bits) - 1;
  for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
    {
      if (n_bits - t_bits > 8)
	{
	  tbits = (tbits << 16) | (bits[0] << 8) | (bits[1]);
	  bits += 2;
	  t_bits += 16;
	}

      while ( t_bits < n_bits )
	{
	  tbits = (tbits * 256) + *bits++;
	  t_bits += 8;
	}
      t_bits -= n_bits;
      fpdata[i] = (tbits >> t_bits) & jmask;
    }
  /* at least this vectorizes :) */
  for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
    fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale*fpdata[i];
}

#if !defined(_MASK_AND_SHIFT_)
#define _MASK_AND_SHIFT_
static unsigned int mask[] = {0,1,3,7,15,31,63,127,255};
static double shift[9] = {1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0, 32.0, 64.0, 128.0, 256.0};
#endif

static 
void TEMPLATE(decode_array_common2,T)(const unsigned char * restrict igrib, long jlend, int NumBits, 
				      T fmin, T zscale, T * restrict fpdata)
{
  /* code from wgrib routine BDS_unpack */
  const unsigned char *bits = igrib;
  long i;
  int n_bits = NumBits;
  int c_bits, j_bits;
  double jj;

  /* older unoptimized code, not often used */
  c_bits = 8;
  for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
    {
      jj = 0.0;
      j_bits = n_bits;
      while (c_bits <= j_bits)
	{
	  if (c_bits == 8)
	    {
	      jj = jj * 256.0  + (double) (*bits++);
	      j_bits -= 8;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      jj = (jj * shift[c_bits]) + (double) (*bits & mask[c_bits]);
	      bits++;
	      j_bits -= c_bits;
	      c_bits = 8;
	    }
	}

      if (j_bits)
	{
	  c_bits -= j_bits;
	  jj = (jj * shift[j_bits]) + (double) ((*bits >> c_bits) & mask[j_bits]);
	}
      
      fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale*jj;
    }
} 

static 
void TEMPLATE(decode_array,T)(const unsigned char *restrict igrib, long jlend, int numBits, 
			      T fmin, T zscale, T *restrict fpdata)
{
#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER || defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
  uint64_t start_decode, end_decode;
#endif

  long i;
  T dval;
#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  GRIBPACK *lgrib = NULL;

  if ( numBits%8 == 0 )
    {
      long jlenc = jlend * numBits / 8;
      if ( jlenc > 0 ) 
	{
	  lgrib = (GRIBPACK*) malloc(jlenc*sizeof(GRIBPACK));
	  if ( lgrib == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

	  (void) UNPACK_GRIB(igrib, lgrib, jlenc, -1L);
	}
    }

  if ( numBits ==  0 )
    {
      for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
	fpdata[i] = fmin;
    }
  else if ( numBits ==  8 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (int)lgrib[i];
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits == 16 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (((int)lgrib[2*i  ] <<  8) +  (int)lgrib[2*i+1]);
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits == 24 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (((int)lgrib[3*i  ] << 16) + ((int)lgrib[3*i+1] <<  8) +
	  	 (int)lgrib[3*i+2]);
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits == 32 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (((unsigned int)lgrib[4*i  ] << 24) + ((unsigned int)lgrib[4*i+1] << 16) +
		((unsigned int)lgrib[4*i+2] <<  8) +  (unsigned int)lgrib[4*i+3]);
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits <= 25 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(decode_array_common,T)(igrib, jlend, numBits, fmin, zscale, fpdata);
    }
  else if ( numBits > 25 && numBits < 32 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(decode_array_common2,T)(igrib, jlend, numBits, fmin, zscale, fpdata);
    }
  else
    {
      Error("Unimplemented packing factor %d!", numBits);
    }

  if ( lgrib ) free(lgrib);

#else
  if ( numBits ==  0 )
    {
      for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
	fpdata[i] = fmin;
    }
  else if ( numBits ==  8 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (int)igrib[i];
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits == 16 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(6, "unpack 16 bit base");
#elif defined _GET_X86_COUNTER 
      start_decode = _rdtsc();
#elif defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
      start_decode = mach_absolute_time();
#endif
      
      if ( sizeof(T) == sizeof(double) )
      	{ 
#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
	  printf("AVX selected ...\n");
	  avx_decode_array_2byte_double((size_t) jlend, igrib, fpdata, fmin, zscale);
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
	  printf("SSE4 selected ...\n");
	  sse41_decode_array_2byte_double((size_t) jlend, igrib, fpdata, fmin, zscale);
#else
	  for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
	    {
	      dval = (((int)igrib[2*i  ] <<  8) |  (int)igrib[2*i+1]);
	      fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
	    }
#endif
	}
      else
	{
	  for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
	    {
	      dval = (((int)igrib[2*i  ] <<  8) |  (int)igrib[2*i+1]);
	      fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
	    }
	}

#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER || defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER
#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER 
      end_decode = _rdtsc();
#elif defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
      end_decode = mach_absolute_time();
#endif
#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
      printf("AVX encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_decode-start_decode);
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
      printf("SSE 4.1 encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_decode-start_decode);
#else
      printf("loop encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_decode-start_decode);
#endif  
#endif
      
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(6);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 24 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (((int)igrib[3*i  ] << 16) + ((int)igrib[3*i+1] <<  8) +
		 (int)igrib[3*i+2]);
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits == 32 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (((unsigned int)igrib[4*i  ] << 24) + ((unsigned int)igrib[4*i+1] << 16) +
		((unsigned int)igrib[4*i+2] <<  8) +  (unsigned int)igrib[4*i+3]);
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits <= 25 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(decode_array_common,T)(igrib, jlend, numBits, fmin, zscale, fpdata);
    }
  else if ( numBits > 25 && numBits < 32 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(decode_array_common2,T)(igrib, jlend, numBits, fmin, zscale, fpdata);
    }
  else
    {
      Error("Unimplemented packing factor %d!", numBits);
    }
#endif
}

#endif /* T */

#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T float
#ifdef T

static 
void TEMPLATE(decode_array_common,T)(const unsigned char * restrict igrib, long jlend, int NumBits, 
				     T fmin, T zscale, T * restrict fpdata)
{
  /* code from wgrib routine BDS_unpack */
  const unsigned char *bits = igrib;
  unsigned int jmask;
  long i;
  unsigned int tbits = 0;
  int n_bits = NumBits;
  int t_bits = 0;
      
  jmask = (1 << n_bits) - 1;
  for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
    {
      if (n_bits - t_bits > 8)
	{
	  tbits = (tbits << 16) | (bits[0] << 8) | (bits[1]);
	  bits += 2;
	  t_bits += 16;
	}

      while ( t_bits < n_bits )
	{
	  tbits = (tbits * 256) + *bits++;
	  t_bits += 8;
	}
      t_bits -= n_bits;
      fpdata[i] = (tbits >> t_bits) & jmask;
    }
  /* at least this vectorizes :) */
  for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
    fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale*fpdata[i];
}

#if !defined(_MASK_AND_SHIFT_)
#define _MASK_AND_SHIFT_
static unsigned int mask[] = {0,1,3,7,15,31,63,127,255};
static double shift[9] = {1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0, 32.0, 64.0, 128.0, 256.0};
#endif

static 
void TEMPLATE(decode_array_common2,T)(const unsigned char * restrict igrib, long jlend, int NumBits, 
				      T fmin, T zscale, T * restrict fpdata)
{
  /* code from wgrib routine BDS_unpack */
  const unsigned char *bits = igrib;
  long i;
  int n_bits = NumBits;
  int c_bits, j_bits;
  double jj;

  /* older unoptimized code, not often used */
  c_bits = 8;
  for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
    {
      jj = 0.0;
      j_bits = n_bits;
      while (c_bits <= j_bits)
	{
	  if (c_bits == 8)
	    {
	      jj = jj * 256.0  + (double) (*bits++);
	      j_bits -= 8;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      jj = (jj * shift[c_bits]) + (double) (*bits & mask[c_bits]);
	      bits++;
	      j_bits -= c_bits;
	      c_bits = 8;
	    }
	}

      if (j_bits)
	{
	  c_bits -= j_bits;
	  jj = (jj * shift[j_bits]) + (double) ((*bits >> c_bits) & mask[j_bits]);
	}
      
      fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale*jj;
    }
} 

static 
void TEMPLATE(decode_array,T)(const unsigned char *restrict igrib, long jlend, int numBits, 
			      T fmin, T zscale, T *restrict fpdata)
{
#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER || defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
  uint64_t start_decode, end_decode;
#endif

  long i;
  T dval;
#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  GRIBPACK *lgrib = NULL;

  if ( numBits%8 == 0 )
    {
      long jlenc = jlend * numBits / 8;
      if ( jlenc > 0 ) 
	{
	  lgrib = (GRIBPACK*) malloc(jlenc*sizeof(GRIBPACK));
	  if ( lgrib == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");

	  (void) UNPACK_GRIB(igrib, lgrib, jlenc, -1L);
	}
    }

  if ( numBits ==  0 )
    {
      for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
	fpdata[i] = fmin;
    }
  else if ( numBits ==  8 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (int)lgrib[i];
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits == 16 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (((int)lgrib[2*i  ] <<  8) +  (int)lgrib[2*i+1]);
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits == 24 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (((int)lgrib[3*i  ] << 16) + ((int)lgrib[3*i+1] <<  8) +
	  	 (int)lgrib[3*i+2]);
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits == 32 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (((unsigned int)lgrib[4*i  ] << 24) + ((unsigned int)lgrib[4*i+1] << 16) +
		((unsigned int)lgrib[4*i+2] <<  8) +  (unsigned int)lgrib[4*i+3]);
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits <= 25 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(decode_array_common,T)(igrib, jlend, numBits, fmin, zscale, fpdata);
    }
  else if ( numBits > 25 && numBits < 32 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(decode_array_common2,T)(igrib, jlend, numBits, fmin, zscale, fpdata);
    }
  else
    {
      Error("Unimplemented packing factor %d!", numBits);
    }

  if ( lgrib ) free(lgrib);

#else
  if ( numBits ==  0 )
    {
      for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
	fpdata[i] = fmin;
    }
  else if ( numBits ==  8 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (int)igrib[i];
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits == 16 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(6, "unpack 16 bit base");
#elif defined _GET_X86_COUNTER 
      start_decode = _rdtsc();
#elif defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
      start_decode = mach_absolute_time();
#endif
      
      if ( sizeof(T) == sizeof(double) )
      	{ 
#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
	  printf("AVX selected ...\n");
	  avx_decode_array_2byte_double((size_t) jlend, igrib, fpdata, fmin, zscale);
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
	  printf("SSE4 selected ...\n");
	  sse41_decode_array_2byte_double((size_t) jlend, igrib, fpdata, fmin, zscale);
#else
	  for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
	    {
	      dval = (((int)igrib[2*i  ] <<  8) |  (int)igrib[2*i+1]);
	      fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
	    }
#endif
	}
      else
	{
	  for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
	    {
	      dval = (((int)igrib[2*i  ] <<  8) |  (int)igrib[2*i+1]);
	      fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
	    }
	}

#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER || defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER
#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER 
      end_decode = _rdtsc();
#elif defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
      end_decode = mach_absolute_time();
#endif
#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
      printf("AVX encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_decode-start_decode);
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
      printf("SSE 4.1 encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_decode-start_decode);
#else
      printf("loop encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_decode-start_decode);
#endif  
#endif
      
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(6);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 24 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (((int)igrib[3*i  ] << 16) + ((int)igrib[3*i+1] <<  8) +
		 (int)igrib[3*i+2]);
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits == 32 )
    for ( i = 0; i < jlend; i++ )
      {
	dval = (((unsigned int)igrib[4*i  ] << 24) + ((unsigned int)igrib[4*i+1] << 16) +
		((unsigned int)igrib[4*i+2] <<  8) +  (unsigned int)igrib[4*i+3]);
	fpdata[i] = fmin + zscale * dval;
      }
  else if ( numBits <= 25 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(decode_array_common,T)(igrib, jlend, numBits, fmin, zscale, fpdata);
    }
  else if ( numBits > 25 && numBits < 32 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(decode_array_common2,T)(igrib, jlend, numBits, fmin, zscale, fpdata);
    }
  else
    {
      Error("Unimplemented packing factor %d!", numBits);
    }
#endif
}

#endif /* T */


#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T double
#ifdef T

static 
int TEMPLATE(decodeGDS,T)(unsigned char  *gds, int *isec0, int *isec2, T *fsec2, int *numGridVals)
{
  /* int imisng = 0; */
  int  ReducedGrid = FALSE, VertCoorTab = FALSE;
  int  locnv = 0, locnl;
  int  jlenl;
  long i;
  int iexp, imant;
  int ipvpl, ipl;
  int gdsLen = 0;
#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  unsigned char *igrib;
  GRIBPACK *lgrib = NULL;
  size_t lGribLen = 0;
#endif

  *numGridVals = 0;

  memset(isec2, 0, 22*sizeof(int));

  gdsLen = GDS_Len;

  ipvpl = GDS_PVPL;
  if ( ipvpl == 0 ) ipvpl = 0xFF;

  if ( ipvpl != 0xFF )
    { /* Either vct or reduced grid */
      if ( GDS_NV != 0 )
	{ /* we have vct */
	  VertCoorTab = TRUE;
	  ipl =  4*GDS_NV + ipvpl - 1;
	  if ( ipl < gdsLen )
	    {
	      ReducedGrid = TRUE;
	    }
	}
      else
	{
	  VertCoorTab = FALSE;
	  ReducedGrid = TRUE;
	}
      /*	  ReducedGrid = (gdsLen - 32 - 4*GDS_NV); */
    }
 
  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Version == 0 )
    {
      if ((gdsLen - 32) > 0) VertCoorTab = TRUE;
      else                   VertCoorTab = FALSE;
    }
  
  if ( ReducedGrid )
    {
      locnl = GDS_PVPL - 1 + (VertCoorTab * 4 * GDS_NV);
      jlenl = (gdsLen - locnl)  >> 1;
      if ( jlenl == GDS_NumLat )
	{
	  *numGridVals = 0;
	  ISEC2_Reduced = TRUE;
	  for ( i = 0; i < jlenl; i++ )
	    {
	      ISEC2_RowLon(i) = GET_UINT2(gds[locnl+2*i], gds[locnl+2*i+1]);
	      *numGridVals += ISEC2_RowLon(i);
	    }
	}
      else
	{
	  ReducedGrid = FALSE;
	}
    }

  ISEC2_GridType = GDS_GridType;

  /*
     Gaussian grid definition.
  */
  if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON    ||
       ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN  ||
       ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT )
    {
      ISEC2_NumLat    = GDS_NumLat;
      if ( ! ReducedGrid )
	{
	  ISEC2_NumLon = GDS_NumLon;
	  *numGridVals  = ISEC2_NumLon*ISEC2_NumLat;
	}
      ISEC2_FirstLat  = GDS_FirstLat;
      ISEC2_FirstLon  = GDS_FirstLon;
      ISEC2_ResFlag   = GDS_ResFlag;
      ISEC2_LastLat   = GDS_LastLat;
      ISEC2_LastLon   = GDS_LastLon;
      ISEC2_LonIncr   = GDS_LonIncr;

      ISEC2_NumPar    = GDS_NumPar;
      ISEC2_ScanFlag  = GDS_ScanFlag;
      if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT )
	{
	  ISEC2_LatSP     = GDS_LatSP;
	  ISEC2_LonSP     = GDS_LonSP;
	  FSEC2_RotAngle  = GDS_RotAngle;
	}
      /*
	if ( Lons != Longitudes || Lats != Latitudes )
	Error("Latitude/Longitude Conflict");
      */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN     ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN_ROT ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN_STR ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN_ROTSTR )
    {
      /*
      iret = decodeGDS_GG(gds, gdspos, isec0, isec2, imisng);
      */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON     ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_STR ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROTSTR )
    {
      /*
      iret = decodeGDS_LL(gds, gdspos, isec0, isec2, imisng);
      */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LCC )
    {
      ISEC2_NumLon    = GDS_NumLon;
      ISEC2_NumLat    = GDS_NumLat;
      *numGridVals  = ISEC2_NumLon*ISEC2_NumLat;
      ISEC2_FirstLat  = GDS_FirstLat;
      ISEC2_FirstLon  = GDS_FirstLon;
      ISEC2_ResFlag   = GDS_ResFlag;
      ISEC2_Lambert_Lov   = GDS_Lambert_Lov;
      ISEC2_Lambert_dx    = GDS_Lambert_dx;
      ISEC2_Lambert_dy    = GDS_Lambert_dy;
      ISEC2_Lambert_LatS1 = GDS_Lambert_LatS1;
      ISEC2_Lambert_LatS2 = GDS_Lambert_LatS2;
      ISEC2_Lambert_LatSP = GDS_Lambert_LatSP;
      ISEC2_Lambert_LonSP = GDS_Lambert_LonSP;
      ISEC2_Lambert_ProjFlag = GDS_Lambert_ProjFlag;
      ISEC2_ScanFlag      = GDS_ScanFlag;
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_SPECTRAL )
    {
      ISEC2_PentaJ  = GDS_PentaJ; /* Truncation */
      ISEC2_PentaK  = GDS_PentaK;
      ISEC2_PentaM  = GDS_PentaM;
      ISEC2_RepType = GDS_RepType;
      ISEC2_RepMode = GDS_RepMode;
      *numGridVals  = (ISEC2_PentaJ+1)*(ISEC2_PentaJ+2);
      isec2[ 6] = 0;
      isec2[ 7] = 0;
      isec2[ 8] = 0;
      isec2[ 9] = 0;
      isec2[10] = 0;
      /*
      iret = decodeGDS_SH(gds, gdspos, isec0, isec2, imisng);
      */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GME )
    {
      ISEC2_GME_NI2    = GDS_GME_NI2;
      ISEC2_GME_NI3    = GDS_GME_NI3;
      ISEC2_GME_ND     = GDS_GME_ND;
      ISEC2_GME_NI     = GDS_GME_NI;
      ISEC2_GME_AFlag  = GDS_GME_AFlag;
      ISEC2_GME_LatPP  = GDS_GME_LatPP;
      ISEC2_GME_LonPP  = GDS_GME_LonPP;
      ISEC2_GME_LonMPL = GDS_GME_LonMPL;
      ISEC2_GME_BFlag  = GDS_GME_BFlag;
      *numGridVals  = (ISEC2_GME_NI+1)*(ISEC2_GME_NI+1)*10;
      /*
      iret = decodeGDS_TR(gds, gdspos, isec0, isec2, imisng);
      */
    }
  else
    {
      ISEC2_NumLon = GDS_NumLon;
      ISEC2_NumLat = GDS_NumLat;
      *numGridVals  = ISEC2_NumLon*ISEC2_NumLat;
      Message("Gridtype %d unsupported", ISEC2_GridType);
    }

  /*    vertical coordinate parameters for hybrid levels.     */
  /*    get number of vertical coordinate parameters, if any. */

  ISEC2_NumVCP = 0;

  isec2[17] = 0;
  isec2[18] = 0;

  if ( VertCoorTab == TRUE )
    {
      if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Version  == 0 )
	{
	  locnv = 32;
	  ISEC2_NumVCP = (gdsLen - 32) >> 2;
	}
      else
	{
	  locnv = GDS_PVPL - 1;
	  ISEC2_NumVCP = GDS_NV;
	}
#if defined (SX)
      lGribLen = 4*ISEC2_NumVCP;	      
      lgrib    = (GRIBPACK*) malloc(lGribLen*sizeof(GRIBPACK));

      igrib = &gds[locnv];
      if ( ISEC2_NumVCP > 0 ) (void) UNPACK_GRIB(igrib, lgrib, lGribLen, -1L);
      for ( i = 0; i < ISEC2_NumVCP; i++ )
	{
	  iexp   = (lgrib[4*i  ]);
	  imant  =((lgrib[4*i+1]) << 16) +
	          ((lgrib[4*i+2]) <<  8) +
	           (lgrib[4*i+3]);
	  fsec2[10+i] = POW_2_M24 * imant * pow(16.0, (double)(iexp - 64));
	}

      free(lgrib);
#else
      for ( i = 0; i < ISEC2_NumVCP; i++ )
	{
	  iexp   = (gds[locnv+4*i  ]);
	  imant  =((gds[locnv+4*i+1]) << 16) +
	          ((gds[locnv+4*i+2]) <<  8) +
	           (gds[locnv+4*i+3]);
	  fsec2[10+i] = decfp2(iexp,imant);
	}
#endif
    }

  return (gdsLen);
}

static
int TEMPLATE(decodeBDS,T)(int decscale, unsigned char *bds, int *isec2, int *isec4, 
			  T *fsec4, int fsec4len, int dfunc, int bdsLenIn, int numGridVals, int llarge, int *iret)
{
  unsigned char *igrib;
  int lspherc = FALSE, lcomplex = FALSE;
  int lcompress;
  int jup, kup, mup;
  int locnd;
  long jlend;
  long i;
  int bds_flag, jscale, imiss;
  int bds_ubits;
  int ioff = 0;
  int iexp, imant;
  int zoff;
  int bds_head = 11;
  double zscale = 0.;
  T fmin = 0.;
  T *fpdata = fsec4;
  int bdsLen;
  extern int CGRIBEX_Fix_ZSE;

  *iret = 0;
  igrib = bds;

  memset(isec4, 0, 42*sizeof(int));

  /* get length of binary data block. */

  bdsLen = BDS_Len;
  /*
    If a very large product, the section 4 length field holds
    the number of bytes in the product after section 4 upto
    the end of the padding bytes.
    This is a fixup to get round the restriction on product lengths
    due to the count being only 24 bits. It is only possible because
    the (default) rounding for GRIB products is 120 bytes.
  */
  if ( llarge ) bdsLen = bdsLenIn - bdsLen;

  /* 4 bit flag / 4 bit count of unused bits at end of block octet. */

  bds_flag = BDS_Flag;

  /* 0------- grid point           */
  /* 1------- spherical harmonics  */

  lspherc = bds_flag >> 7;

  if ( lspherc ) isec4[2] = 128;
  else           isec4[2] = 0;

  /* -0------  simple packing */
  /* -1------ complex packing */

  lcomplex = (bds_flag >> 6)&1;

  if ( lcomplex ) isec4[3] = 64;
  else            isec4[3] =  0;

  /* ---0---- No additional flags */
  /* ---1---- No additional flags */

  lcompress = (bds_flag >> 4)&1; /* compress */

  if ( lcompress )
    { isec4[5] = 16; isec4[6] = BDS_Z; zoff = 12; }
  else
    { isec4[5] =  0; isec4[6] = 0;     zoff =  0; }

  /* ----++++ number of unused bits at end of section) */

  bds_ubits = bds_flag & 0xF;
  
  /* scale factor (2 bytes) */;

  jscale = BDS_BinScale;

  /* check for missing data indicators. */

  iexp  = bds[ 6];
  imant = GET_UINT3(bds[ 7], bds[ 8], bds[ 9]);

  imiss = (jscale == 0xFFFF && iexp == 0xFF && imant == 0xFFFFFF);

  /* convert reference value and scale factor. */

  if ( ! (dfunc == 'J') )
    if ( imiss == 0 )
      {
	fmin = BDS_RefValue;
	
	if ( jscale < 0 )
	  zscale = 1.0/intpow2(-jscale);
	else
	  zscale = intpow2(jscale);
      }

  /* get number of bits in each data value. */

  ISEC4_NumBits = BDS_NumBits;

  /* octet number of start of packed data */
  /* calculated from start of block 4 - 1 */

  locnd = zoff + bds_head;

  /* if data is in spherical harmonic form, distinguish   */
  /* between simple/complex packing (lcomplex = 0/1)      */

  if ( lspherc )
    {
      if ( !lcomplex )
	{
	  /*    no unpacked binary data present */

	  jup = kup = mup = 0;

	  /*    octet number of start of packed data */
	  /*    calculated from start of block 4 - 1 */

	  ioff   = 1;
	  locnd += 4*ioff;  /* RealCoef */

	  /*    get real (0,0) coefficient in grib format and     */
	  /*    convert to floating point.                        */

	  if ( dfunc != 'J' )
	    {
	      if ( imiss ) *fpdata++ = 0.0;
	      else         *fpdata++ = BDS_RealCoef;
	    }
	}
      else /* complex packed spherical harmonics */
	{
	  isec4[15] = BDS_PackData;
	  /*    scaling factor */
	  isec4[16] = BDS_Power;

	  /*    pentagonal resolution parameters of the */
	  /*    unpacked section of data field          */

	  jup = bds[zoff+15];
	  kup = bds[zoff+16];
	  mup = bds[zoff+17];

	  isec4[zoff+17] = jup;
	  isec4[zoff+18] = kup;
	  isec4[zoff+19] = mup;

	  /*    unpacked binary data */

	  locnd += 4; /* 2 + power */
	  locnd += 3; /* j, k, m   */
	  ioff   = (jup+1)*(jup+2);

	  if ( dfunc != 'J' )
	    for ( i = 0; i < ioff; i++ )
	      {
		iexp   = (bds[locnd+4*i  ]);
		imant  =((bds[locnd+4*i+1]) << 16) +
		        ((bds[locnd+4*i+2]) <<  8) +
		         (bds[locnd+4*i+3]);

		if ( imiss ) *fpdata++ = 0.0;
		else         *fpdata++ = decfp2(iexp,imant);
	      }
	  
	  locnd += 4*ioff;  /* RealCoef */
	}
    }
  else
    {
      if ( lcomplex )
	{
	  *iret = 1999;
	  gprintf(__func__, " Second order packed grids unsupported!");
	  gprintf(__func__, " Return code =  %d", *iret);
	  return (0);
	}
    }

  /* Decode data values to floating point and store in fsec4.  */
  /* First calculate the number of data values.                */
  /* Take into account that spherical harmonics can be packed  */
  /* simple (lcomplex = 0) or complex (lcomplex = 1)           */

  jlend = bdsLen - locnd;

  if ( ISEC4_NumBits == 0 )
    {
      if ( jlend > 1 )
	{
	  *iret = 2001;
	  gprintf(__func__, " Number of bits per data value = 0!");
	  gprintf(__func__, " Return code =  %d", *iret);
	  return (0);
	}

      if ( numGridVals == 0 )
	{
	  *iret = 2002;
	  gprintf(__func__, " Constant field unsupported for this grid type!");
	  gprintf(__func__, " Return code =  %d", *iret);
	  return (0);
	}

      jlend = numGridVals;
      jlend -= ioff;
    }
  else
    {
      jlend = (jlend*8 - bds_ubits) / ISEC4_NumBits;
    }

  ISEC4_NumValues        = jlend + ioff;
  ISEC4_NumNonMissValues = 0;

  if ( lcompress )
    {
      size_t len;

      if ( gribrec_len(bds[14], bds[15], bds[16]) > JP23SET )
	len = ((size_t) ((bds[17]<<24)+(bds[18]<<16)+(bds[19]<<8)+bds[20]));
      else
        len = ((size_t) ((bds[17]<<16)+(bds[18]<<8)+bds[19]));

      ISEC4_NumValues = len*8/ISEC4_NumBits;

      if ( lspherc )
	{
	  if ( lcomplex )
	    ISEC4_NumValues += ioff;
	  else
	    ISEC4_NumValues++;
	}
    }

  if ( dfunc == 'J' ) return (bdsLen);

  /* check length of output array. */
  
  if ( ISEC4_NumValues > fsec4len )
    {
      *iret = 710;
      gprintf(__func__, " Output array too small. Length = %d", fsec4len);
      gprintf(__func__, " Number of values = %d", ISEC4_NumValues);
      gprintf(__func__, " Return code =  %d", *iret);
      return (0);
    }

  if ( imiss ) memset((char *)fpdata, 0, jlend*sizeof(T));
  else
    {
      igrib += locnd;

      TEMPLATE(decode_array,T)(igrib, jlend, ISEC4_NumBits, fmin, zscale, fpdata);
    }

  if ( lspherc && lcomplex )
    {
      int pcStart, pcScale;
      pcStart = isec4[19];
      pcScale = isec4[16];
      TEMPLATE(scatter_complex,T)(fsec4, pcStart, ISEC2_PentaJ, ISEC4_NumValues);
      TEMPLATE(scale_complex,T)(fsec4, pcStart, pcScale, ISEC2_PentaJ, 1);
    }

  if ( CGRIBEX_Fix_ZSE )  /* Fix ZeroShiftError of simple packed spherical harmonics */
    if ( lspherc && !lcomplex )
      {
        /* 20100705: Fix ZeroShiftError - Edi Kirk */
	if ( IS_NOT_EQUAL(fsec4[1], 0.0) )
	  {
	    T zserr = fsec4[1];
	    for ( i = 1; i < ISEC4_NumValues; i++ ) fsec4[i] -= zserr;
	  }
      }

  if ( decscale )
    {
      T scale = (T) pow(10.0, (double)-decscale);
      for ( i = 0; i < ISEC4_NumValues; i++ ) fsec4[i] *= scale;
    }

  return (bdsLen);
}


void TEMPLATE(grib_decode,T)(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, T *fsec2, int *isec3,
			     T *fsec3, int *isec4, T *fsec4, int fsec4len, int *kgrib,
			     int kleng, int *kword, int dfunc, int *iret)
{
  UCHAR *is = NULL, *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  int isLen = 0, pdsLen = 0, gdsLen = 0, bmsLen = 0, bdsLen = 0, esLen = 0;
  int gribLen = 0;
  int gdsIncluded = FALSE;
  int bmsIncluded = FALSE;
  int bitmapSize = 0;
  int imaskSize = 0;
  int ldebug = FALSE;
  int llarge = FALSE, l_iorj = FALSE;
  int lsect2 = FALSE, lsect3 = FALSE;
  int numGridVals = 0;
  static int lmissvalinfo = 1;

  UNUSED(kleng);

  *iret = 0;

  grsdef();

  ISEC2_Reduced = FALSE;

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    IS Indicator Section (Section 0)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  is = (unsigned char *) &kgrib[0];

  isLen = decodeIS(is, isec0, iret);

  /*
    If count is negative, have to rescale by factor of -120.
    This is a fixup to get round the restriction on product lengths
    due to the count being only 24 bits. It is only possible because
    the (default) rounding for GRIB products is 120 bytes.
  */
  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Len < 0 )
    {
      if ( ldebug )
	gprintf(__func__, "Special case, negative length multiplied by -120");
      llarge = TRUE;
      ISEC0_GRIB_Len *= (-120);
    }
  /*
    When decoding or calculating length, previous editions
    of the GRIB code must be taken into account.

    In the table below, covering sections 0 and 1 of the GRIB
    code, octet numbering is from the beginning of the GRIB
    message;
    * indicates that the value is not available in the code edition;
    R indicates reserved, should be set to 0;
    Experimental edition is considered as edition -1.

    GRIB code edition -1 has fixed length of 20 octets for
    section 1, the length not included in the message.
    GRIB code edition 0 has fixed length of 24 octets for
    section 1, the length being included in the message.
    GRIB code edition 1 can have different lengths for section
    1, the minimum being 28 octets, length being included in
    the message.

                                         Octet numbers for code
                                                  editions

                 Contents.                   -1      0      1
                 ---------                ----------------------
       Letters GRIB                          1-4    1-4    1-4
       Total length of GRIB message.          *      *     5-7
       GRIB code edition number               *      *      8
       Length of Section 1.                   *     5-7    9-11
       Reserved octet (R).                    *      8(R)   *
       Version no. of Code Table 2.           *      *     12
       Identification of centre.              5      9     13
       Generating process.                    6     10     14
       Grid definition .                      7     11     15
       Flag (Code Table 1).                   8     12     16
       Indicator of parameter.                9     13     17
       Indicator of type of level.           10     14     18
       Height, pressure etc of levels.      11-12  15-16  19-20
       Year of century.                      13     17     21
       Month.                                14     18     22
       Day.                                  15     19     23
       Hour.                                 16     20     24
       Minute.                               17     21     25
       Indicator of unit of time.            18     22     26
       P1 - Period of time.                  19     23     27
       P2 - Period of time                  20(R)   24     28
       or reserved octet (R).
       Time range indicator.                21(R)   25     29
       or reserved octet (R).
       Number included in average.       22-23(R)  26-27  30-31
       or reserved octet (R).
       Number missing from average.         24(R)  28(R)   32
       or reserved octet (R).
       Century of data.                       *      *     33
       Designates sub-centre if not 0.        *      *     34
       Decimal scale factor.                  *      *    35-36
       Reserved. Set to 0.                    *      *    37-48
       (Need not be present)
       For originating centre use only.       *      *    49-nn
       (Need not be present)

    Identify which GRIB code edition is being decoded.

    In GRIB edition 1, the edition number is in octet 8.
    In GRIB edition 0, octet 8 is reserved and set to 0.
    In GRIB edition -1, octet 8 is a flag field and can have a
    a valid value of 0, 1, 2 or 3.

    However, GRIB edition number 0 has a fixed
    length of 24, included in the message, for section 1, so
    if the value extracted from octets 5-7 is 24 and that from
    octet 8 is 0, it is safe to assume edition 0 of the code.

  */
  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Len == 24 && ISEC0_GRIB_Version == 0 )
    {
      /*
	Set length of GRIB message to missing data value.
      */
      ISEC0_GRIB_Len = 0;
    }
  /*
    If Grib Edition 1 and only length is required, go to section 9.
  */
  if ( dfunc == 'L' ) goto LABEL900;

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    PDS Product Definition Section (Section 1)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */ 
  pds = is + isLen;

  pdsLen = decodePDS(pds, isec0, isec1);

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    GDS Grid Description Section (Section 2)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  gdsIncluded = ISEC1_Sec2Or3Flag & 128;

  if ( gdsIncluded )
    {
      gds = is + isLen + pdsLen;

      gdsLen = TEMPLATE(decodeGDS,T)(gds, isec0, isec2, fsec2, &numGridVals);
    }

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    BMS Bit-Map Section Section (Section 3)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */ 
  bmsIncluded = ISEC1_Sec2Or3Flag & 64;

  isec3[0] = 0;
  if ( bmsIncluded )
    {
      bms = is + isLen + pdsLen + gdsLen;

      bmsLen = BMS_Len;
      imaskSize = (bmsLen - 6)<<3;
      bitmapSize = imaskSize - BMS_UnusedBits;
      /*
      fprintf(stderr," bitmapSize = %d %d %d\n", bitmapSize, imaskSize, BMS_UnusedBits);
      */
    }

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    BDS Binary Data Section (Section 4)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  bds = is + isLen + pdsLen + gdsLen + bmsLen;

  bdsLen = ISEC0_GRIB_Len - (isLen + pdsLen + gdsLen + bmsLen);

  bdsLen = TEMPLATE(decodeBDS,T)(ISEC1_DecScaleFactor, bds, isec2, isec4, 
				 fsec4, fsec4len, dfunc, bdsLen, numGridVals, llarge, iret);

  if ( *iret != 0 ) return;

  ISEC4_NumNonMissValues = ISEC4_NumValues;

  if ( bitmapSize > 0 )
    {
      if ( dfunc != 'L' && dfunc != 'J' )
	if ( DBL_IS_NAN(FSEC3_MissVal) && lmissvalinfo )
	  {
	    lmissvalinfo = 0;
	    FSEC3_MissVal = GRIB_MISSVAL;
	    Message("Missing value = NaN is unsupported, set to %g!", GRIB_MISSVAL);
	  }

      /* ISEC4_NumNonMissValues = ISEC4_NumValues; */
      ISEC4_NumValues        = bitmapSize;

      if ( dfunc != 'J' || bitmapSize == ISEC4_NumNonMissValues )
	{
	  long i, j;
	  GRIBPACK *pbitmap;
	  GRIBPACK bitmap;
	  GRIBPACK *imask;

	  /*
	  unsigned char *bitmap;
	  bitmap = BMS_Bitmap;
	  j = ISEC4_NumNonMissValues;
	  for ( i = ISEC4_NumValues-1; i >= 0; i-- )
	    {
	      if ( (bitmap[i/8]>>(7-(i&7)))&1 )
		fsec4[i] = fsec4[--j];
	      else
		fsec4[i] = FSEC3_MissVal;
	    }
	  */

	  imask = (GRIBPACK*) malloc(imaskSize*sizeof(GRIBPACK));

#if defined (VECTORCODE)
	  (void) UNPACK_GRIB(BMS_Bitmap, imask, imaskSize/8, -1L);
	  pbitmap = imask;
#else
	  pbitmap = BMS_Bitmap;
#endif

#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
	  for ( i = imaskSize/8-1; i >= 0; i-- )
	    {
	      bitmap = pbitmap[i];
	      imask[i*8+0] = 1 & (bitmap >> 7);
	      imask[i*8+1] = 1 & (bitmap >> 6);
	      imask[i*8+2] = 1 & (bitmap >> 5);
	      imask[i*8+3] = 1 & (bitmap >> 4);
	      imask[i*8+4] = 1 & (bitmap >> 3);
	      imask[i*8+5] = 1 & (bitmap >> 2);
	      imask[i*8+6] = 1 & (bitmap >> 1);
	      imask[i*8+7] = 1 & (bitmap);
	    }

	  j = 0;
	  for ( i = 0; i < ISEC4_NumValues; i++ )
	    if ( imask[i] ) j++;

	  if ( ISEC4_NumNonMissValues != j )
	    {
	      if ( dfunc != 'J' && ISEC4_NumBits != 0 )
		Warning("Bitmap (%d) and data (%d) section differ, using bitmap section!",
			j, ISEC4_NumNonMissValues);

	      ISEC4_NumNonMissValues = j;
	    }

	  if ( dfunc != 'J' )
	    {
#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
	      for ( i = ISEC4_NumValues-1; i >= 0; i-- )
		fsec4[i] = imask[i] ? fsec4[--j] : FSEC3_MissVal;
	    }

	  free(imask);
	}
    }

  if ( ISEC2_Reduced )
    {
      int nlon, nlat;
      int lsect3, lperio = 1, lveggy;
      int ilat;
      int nvalues = 0;
      int dlon;

      nlat = ISEC2_NumLat;
      nlon = ISEC2_RowLonPtr[0];
      for ( ilat = 0; ilat < nlat; ++ilat ) nvalues += ISEC2_RowLon(ilat);
      for ( ilat = 1; ilat < nlat; ++ilat )
	if ( ISEC2_RowLon(ilat) > nlon ) nlon = ISEC2_RowLon(ilat);

      dlon = ISEC2_LastLon-ISEC2_FirstLon;
      if ( dlon < 0 ) dlon += 360000;
	  
      if ( nvalues != ISEC4_NumValues )
	{
	  *iret = -801;
	}
      //printf("nlat %d  nlon %d \n", nlat, nlon);
      //printf("nvalues %d %d\n", nvalues, ISEC4_NumValues);

      if ( dfunc == 'R' && *iret == -801 )
	gprintf(__func__, "Number of values (%d) and sum of lons per row (%d) differ, abort conversion to regular Gaussian grid!",
		ISEC4_NumValues, nvalues);
      
      if ( dfunc == 'R' && *iret != -801 )
	{
	  ISEC2_Reduced = 0;
	  ISEC2_NumLon = nlon;
	  ISEC4_NumValues = nlon*nlat;

	  lsect3 = bitmapSize > 0;
	  lveggy = (ISEC1_CodeTable == 128) && (ISEC1_CenterID == 98) && 
	          ((ISEC1_Parameter == 27) || (ISEC1_Parameter == 28) || 
	           (ISEC1_Parameter == 29) || (ISEC1_Parameter == 30));
	
	  (void) TEMPLATE(qu2reg3,T)(fsec4, ISEC2_RowLonPtr, nlat, nlon, FSEC3_MissVal, iret, lsect3, lperio, lveggy);
	      
	  if ( bitmapSize > 0 )
	    {
	      long i;
	      int j = 0;
	      
	      for ( i = 0; i < ISEC4_NumValues; i++ )
		if ( IS_NOT_EQUAL(fsec4[i], FSEC3_MissVal) ) j++;
		  
	      ISEC4_NumNonMissValues = j;
	    }
	}
    }


  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Version == 1 ) isLen = 8;
  esLen = 4;

  gribLen = isLen + pdsLen + gdsLen + bmsLen + bdsLen + esLen;

  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Len )
    if ( gribLen > ISEC0_GRIB_Len )
      {
	Warning("grib1Len = %d gribLen = %d", ISEC0_GRIB_Len, gribLen);
      }

  ISEC0_GRIB_Len = gribLen;

  *kword = gribLen / sizeof(int);
  if ( (size_t) gribLen != *kword * sizeof(int) ) *kword += 1;

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 9 . Abort/return to calling routine.
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 LABEL900:;

  if ( ldebug )
    {
      gprintf(__func__, "Section 9.");
      gprintf(__func__, "Output values set -");

      gribPrintSec0(isec0);
      gribPrintSec1(isec0, isec1);
      /*
	Print section 2 if present.
      */
      if ( lsect2 ) TEMPLATE(gribPrintSec2,T)(isec0, isec2, fsec2);

      if ( ! l_iorj )
	{
	  /*
	    Print section 3 if present.
	  */
	  if ( lsect3 ) TEMPLATE(gribPrintSec3,T)(isec0, isec3, fsec3);

	  TEMPLATE(gribPrintSec4,T)(isec0, isec4, fsec4);
	  /*
	    Special print for 2D spectra wave field real values in
	    section 4
	  */
	  if ( (isec1[ 0] ==  140) && 
	       (isec1[ 1] ==   98) && 
	       (isec1[23] ==    1) && 
	       ((isec1[39] == 1045) || (isec1[39] == 1081))  && 
	       ((isec1[ 5] ==  250) || (isec1[ 5] ==  251)) )
	    gribPrintSec4Wave(isec4);
	}
    }
}

#endif /* T */

#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T float
#ifdef T

static 
int TEMPLATE(decodeGDS,T)(unsigned char  *gds, int *isec0, int *isec2, T *fsec2, int *numGridVals)
{
  /* int imisng = 0; */
  int  ReducedGrid = FALSE, VertCoorTab = FALSE;
  int  locnv = 0, locnl;
  int  jlenl;
  long i;
  int iexp, imant;
  int ipvpl, ipl;
  int gdsLen = 0;
#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  unsigned char *igrib;
  GRIBPACK *lgrib = NULL;
  size_t lGribLen = 0;
#endif

  *numGridVals = 0;

  memset(isec2, 0, 22*sizeof(int));

  gdsLen = GDS_Len;

  ipvpl = GDS_PVPL;
  if ( ipvpl == 0 ) ipvpl = 0xFF;

  if ( ipvpl != 0xFF )
    { /* Either vct or reduced grid */
      if ( GDS_NV != 0 )
	{ /* we have vct */
	  VertCoorTab = TRUE;
	  ipl =  4*GDS_NV + ipvpl - 1;
	  if ( ipl < gdsLen )
	    {
	      ReducedGrid = TRUE;
	    }
	}
      else
	{
	  VertCoorTab = FALSE;
	  ReducedGrid = TRUE;
	}
      /*	  ReducedGrid = (gdsLen - 32 - 4*GDS_NV); */
    }
 
  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Version == 0 )
    {
      if ((gdsLen - 32) > 0) VertCoorTab = TRUE;
      else                   VertCoorTab = FALSE;
    }
  
  if ( ReducedGrid )
    {
      locnl = GDS_PVPL - 1 + (VertCoorTab * 4 * GDS_NV);
      jlenl = (gdsLen - locnl)  >> 1;
      if ( jlenl == GDS_NumLat )
	{
	  *numGridVals = 0;
	  ISEC2_Reduced = TRUE;
	  for ( i = 0; i < jlenl; i++ )
	    {
	      ISEC2_RowLon(i) = GET_UINT2(gds[locnl+2*i], gds[locnl+2*i+1]);
	      *numGridVals += ISEC2_RowLon(i);
	    }
	}
      else
	{
	  ReducedGrid = FALSE;
	}
    }

  ISEC2_GridType = GDS_GridType;

  /*
     Gaussian grid definition.
  */
  if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON    ||
       ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN  ||
       ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT )
    {
      ISEC2_NumLat    = GDS_NumLat;
      if ( ! ReducedGrid )
	{
	  ISEC2_NumLon = GDS_NumLon;
	  *numGridVals  = ISEC2_NumLon*ISEC2_NumLat;
	}
      ISEC2_FirstLat  = GDS_FirstLat;
      ISEC2_FirstLon  = GDS_FirstLon;
      ISEC2_ResFlag   = GDS_ResFlag;
      ISEC2_LastLat   = GDS_LastLat;
      ISEC2_LastLon   = GDS_LastLon;
      ISEC2_LonIncr   = GDS_LonIncr;

      ISEC2_NumPar    = GDS_NumPar;
      ISEC2_ScanFlag  = GDS_ScanFlag;
      if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT )
	{
	  ISEC2_LatSP     = GDS_LatSP;
	  ISEC2_LonSP     = GDS_LonSP;
	  FSEC2_RotAngle  = GDS_RotAngle;
	}
      /*
	if ( Lons != Longitudes || Lats != Latitudes )
	Error("Latitude/Longitude Conflict");
      */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN     ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN_ROT ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN_STR ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN_ROTSTR )
    {
      /*
      iret = decodeGDS_GG(gds, gdspos, isec0, isec2, imisng);
      */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON     ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_STR ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROTSTR )
    {
      /*
      iret = decodeGDS_LL(gds, gdspos, isec0, isec2, imisng);
      */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LCC )
    {
      ISEC2_NumLon    = GDS_NumLon;
      ISEC2_NumLat    = GDS_NumLat;
      *numGridVals  = ISEC2_NumLon*ISEC2_NumLat;
      ISEC2_FirstLat  = GDS_FirstLat;
      ISEC2_FirstLon  = GDS_FirstLon;
      ISEC2_ResFlag   = GDS_ResFlag;
      ISEC2_Lambert_Lov   = GDS_Lambert_Lov;
      ISEC2_Lambert_dx    = GDS_Lambert_dx;
      ISEC2_Lambert_dy    = GDS_Lambert_dy;
      ISEC2_Lambert_LatS1 = GDS_Lambert_LatS1;
      ISEC2_Lambert_LatS2 = GDS_Lambert_LatS2;
      ISEC2_Lambert_LatSP = GDS_Lambert_LatSP;
      ISEC2_Lambert_LonSP = GDS_Lambert_LonSP;
      ISEC2_Lambert_ProjFlag = GDS_Lambert_ProjFlag;
      ISEC2_ScanFlag      = GDS_ScanFlag;
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_SPECTRAL )
    {
      ISEC2_PentaJ  = GDS_PentaJ; /* Truncation */
      ISEC2_PentaK  = GDS_PentaK;
      ISEC2_PentaM  = GDS_PentaM;
      ISEC2_RepType = GDS_RepType;
      ISEC2_RepMode = GDS_RepMode;
      *numGridVals  = (ISEC2_PentaJ+1)*(ISEC2_PentaJ+2);
      isec2[ 6] = 0;
      isec2[ 7] = 0;
      isec2[ 8] = 0;
      isec2[ 9] = 0;
      isec2[10] = 0;
      /*
      iret = decodeGDS_SH(gds, gdspos, isec0, isec2, imisng);
      */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GME )
    {
      ISEC2_GME_NI2    = GDS_GME_NI2;
      ISEC2_GME_NI3    = GDS_GME_NI3;
      ISEC2_GME_ND     = GDS_GME_ND;
      ISEC2_GME_NI     = GDS_GME_NI;
      ISEC2_GME_AFlag  = GDS_GME_AFlag;
      ISEC2_GME_LatPP  = GDS_GME_LatPP;
      ISEC2_GME_LonPP  = GDS_GME_LonPP;
      ISEC2_GME_LonMPL = GDS_GME_LonMPL;
      ISEC2_GME_BFlag  = GDS_GME_BFlag;
      *numGridVals  = (ISEC2_GME_NI+1)*(ISEC2_GME_NI+1)*10;
      /*
      iret = decodeGDS_TR(gds, gdspos, isec0, isec2, imisng);
      */
    }
  else
    {
      ISEC2_NumLon = GDS_NumLon;
      ISEC2_NumLat = GDS_NumLat;
      *numGridVals  = ISEC2_NumLon*ISEC2_NumLat;
      Message("Gridtype %d unsupported", ISEC2_GridType);
    }

  /*    vertical coordinate parameters for hybrid levels.     */
  /*    get number of vertical coordinate parameters, if any. */

  ISEC2_NumVCP = 0;

  isec2[17] = 0;
  isec2[18] = 0;

  if ( VertCoorTab == TRUE )
    {
      if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Version  == 0 )
	{
	  locnv = 32;
	  ISEC2_NumVCP = (gdsLen - 32) >> 2;
	}
      else
	{
	  locnv = GDS_PVPL - 1;
	  ISEC2_NumVCP = GDS_NV;
	}
#if defined (SX)
      lGribLen = 4*ISEC2_NumVCP;	      
      lgrib    = (GRIBPACK*) malloc(lGribLen*sizeof(GRIBPACK));

      igrib = &gds[locnv];
      if ( ISEC2_NumVCP > 0 ) (void) UNPACK_GRIB(igrib, lgrib, lGribLen, -1L);
      for ( i = 0; i < ISEC2_NumVCP; i++ )
	{
	  iexp   = (lgrib[4*i  ]);
	  imant  =((lgrib[4*i+1]) << 16) +
	          ((lgrib[4*i+2]) <<  8) +
	           (lgrib[4*i+3]);
	  fsec2[10+i] = POW_2_M24 * imant * pow(16.0, (double)(iexp - 64));
	}

      free(lgrib);
#else
      for ( i = 0; i < ISEC2_NumVCP; i++ )
	{
	  iexp   = (gds[locnv+4*i  ]);
	  imant  =((gds[locnv+4*i+1]) << 16) +
	          ((gds[locnv+4*i+2]) <<  8) +
	           (gds[locnv+4*i+3]);
	  fsec2[10+i] = decfp2(iexp,imant);
	}
#endif
    }

  return (gdsLen);
}

static
int TEMPLATE(decodeBDS,T)(int decscale, unsigned char *bds, int *isec2, int *isec4, 
			  T *fsec4, int fsec4len, int dfunc, int bdsLenIn, int numGridVals, int llarge, int *iret)
{
  unsigned char *igrib;
  int lspherc = FALSE, lcomplex = FALSE;
  int lcompress;
  int jup, kup, mup;
  int locnd;
  long jlend;
  long i;
  int bds_flag, jscale, imiss;
  int bds_ubits;
  int ioff = 0;
  int iexp, imant;
  int zoff;
  int bds_head = 11;
  double zscale = 0.;
  T fmin = 0.;
  T *fpdata = fsec4;
  int bdsLen;
  extern int CGRIBEX_Fix_ZSE;

  *iret = 0;
  igrib = bds;

  memset(isec4, 0, 42*sizeof(int));

  /* get length of binary data block. */

  bdsLen = BDS_Len;
  /*
    If a very large product, the section 4 length field holds
    the number of bytes in the product after section 4 upto
    the end of the padding bytes.
    This is a fixup to get round the restriction on product lengths
    due to the count being only 24 bits. It is only possible because
    the (default) rounding for GRIB products is 120 bytes.
  */
  if ( llarge ) bdsLen = bdsLenIn - bdsLen;

  /* 4 bit flag / 4 bit count of unused bits at end of block octet. */

  bds_flag = BDS_Flag;

  /* 0------- grid point           */
  /* 1------- spherical harmonics  */

  lspherc = bds_flag >> 7;

  if ( lspherc ) isec4[2] = 128;
  else           isec4[2] = 0;

  /* -0------  simple packing */
  /* -1------ complex packing */

  lcomplex = (bds_flag >> 6)&1;

  if ( lcomplex ) isec4[3] = 64;
  else            isec4[3] =  0;

  /* ---0---- No additional flags */
  /* ---1---- No additional flags */

  lcompress = (bds_flag >> 4)&1; /* compress */

  if ( lcompress )
    { isec4[5] = 16; isec4[6] = BDS_Z; zoff = 12; }
  else
    { isec4[5] =  0; isec4[6] = 0;     zoff =  0; }

  /* ----++++ number of unused bits at end of section) */

  bds_ubits = bds_flag & 0xF;
  
  /* scale factor (2 bytes) */;

  jscale = BDS_BinScale;

  /* check for missing data indicators. */

  iexp  = bds[ 6];
  imant = GET_UINT3(bds[ 7], bds[ 8], bds[ 9]);

  imiss = (jscale == 0xFFFF && iexp == 0xFF && imant == 0xFFFFFF);

  /* convert reference value and scale factor. */

  if ( ! (dfunc == 'J') )
    if ( imiss == 0 )
      {
	fmin = BDS_RefValue;
	
	if ( jscale < 0 )
	  zscale = 1.0/intpow2(-jscale);
	else
	  zscale = intpow2(jscale);
      }

  /* get number of bits in each data value. */

  ISEC4_NumBits = BDS_NumBits;

  /* octet number of start of packed data */
  /* calculated from start of block 4 - 1 */

  locnd = zoff + bds_head;

  /* if data is in spherical harmonic form, distinguish   */
  /* between simple/complex packing (lcomplex = 0/1)      */

  if ( lspherc )
    {
      if ( !lcomplex )
	{
	  /*    no unpacked binary data present */

	  jup = kup = mup = 0;

	  /*    octet number of start of packed data */
	  /*    calculated from start of block 4 - 1 */

	  ioff   = 1;
	  locnd += 4*ioff;  /* RealCoef */

	  /*    get real (0,0) coefficient in grib format and     */
	  /*    convert to floating point.                        */

	  if ( dfunc != 'J' )
	    {
	      if ( imiss ) *fpdata++ = 0.0;
	      else         *fpdata++ = BDS_RealCoef;
	    }
	}
      else /* complex packed spherical harmonics */
	{
	  isec4[15] = BDS_PackData;
	  /*    scaling factor */
	  isec4[16] = BDS_Power;

	  /*    pentagonal resolution parameters of the */
	  /*    unpacked section of data field          */

	  jup = bds[zoff+15];
	  kup = bds[zoff+16];
	  mup = bds[zoff+17];

	  isec4[zoff+17] = jup;
	  isec4[zoff+18] = kup;
	  isec4[zoff+19] = mup;

	  /*    unpacked binary data */

	  locnd += 4; /* 2 + power */
	  locnd += 3; /* j, k, m   */
	  ioff   = (jup+1)*(jup+2);

	  if ( dfunc != 'J' )
	    for ( i = 0; i < ioff; i++ )
	      {
		iexp   = (bds[locnd+4*i  ]);
		imant  =((bds[locnd+4*i+1]) << 16) +
		        ((bds[locnd+4*i+2]) <<  8) +
		         (bds[locnd+4*i+3]);

		if ( imiss ) *fpdata++ = 0.0;
		else         *fpdata++ = decfp2(iexp,imant);
	      }
	  
	  locnd += 4*ioff;  /* RealCoef */
	}
    }
  else
    {
      if ( lcomplex )
	{
	  *iret = 1999;
	  gprintf(__func__, " Second order packed grids unsupported!");
	  gprintf(__func__, " Return code =  %d", *iret);
	  return (0);
	}
    }

  /* Decode data values to floating point and store in fsec4.  */
  /* First calculate the number of data values.                */
  /* Take into account that spherical harmonics can be packed  */
  /* simple (lcomplex = 0) or complex (lcomplex = 1)           */

  jlend = bdsLen - locnd;

  if ( ISEC4_NumBits == 0 )
    {
      if ( jlend > 1 )
	{
	  *iret = 2001;
	  gprintf(__func__, " Number of bits per data value = 0!");
	  gprintf(__func__, " Return code =  %d", *iret);
	  return (0);
	}

      if ( numGridVals == 0 )
	{
	  *iret = 2002;
	  gprintf(__func__, " Constant field unsupported for this grid type!");
	  gprintf(__func__, " Return code =  %d", *iret);
	  return (0);
	}

      jlend = numGridVals;
      jlend -= ioff;
    }
  else
    {
      jlend = (jlend*8 - bds_ubits) / ISEC4_NumBits;
    }

  ISEC4_NumValues        = jlend + ioff;
  ISEC4_NumNonMissValues = 0;

  if ( lcompress )
    {
      size_t len;

      if ( gribrec_len(bds[14], bds[15], bds[16]) > JP23SET )
	len = ((size_t) ((bds[17]<<24)+(bds[18]<<16)+(bds[19]<<8)+bds[20]));
      else
        len = ((size_t) ((bds[17]<<16)+(bds[18]<<8)+bds[19]));

      ISEC4_NumValues = len*8/ISEC4_NumBits;

      if ( lspherc )
	{
	  if ( lcomplex )
	    ISEC4_NumValues += ioff;
	  else
	    ISEC4_NumValues++;
	}
    }

  if ( dfunc == 'J' ) return (bdsLen);

  /* check length of output array. */
  
  if ( ISEC4_NumValues > fsec4len )
    {
      *iret = 710;
      gprintf(__func__, " Output array too small. Length = %d", fsec4len);
      gprintf(__func__, " Number of values = %d", ISEC4_NumValues);
      gprintf(__func__, " Return code =  %d", *iret);
      return (0);
    }

  if ( imiss ) memset((char *)fpdata, 0, jlend*sizeof(T));
  else
    {
      igrib += locnd;

      TEMPLATE(decode_array,T)(igrib, jlend, ISEC4_NumBits, fmin, zscale, fpdata);
    }

  if ( lspherc && lcomplex )
    {
      int pcStart, pcScale;
      pcStart = isec4[19];
      pcScale = isec4[16];
      TEMPLATE(scatter_complex,T)(fsec4, pcStart, ISEC2_PentaJ, ISEC4_NumValues);
      TEMPLATE(scale_complex,T)(fsec4, pcStart, pcScale, ISEC2_PentaJ, 1);
    }

  if ( CGRIBEX_Fix_ZSE )  /* Fix ZeroShiftError of simple packed spherical harmonics */
    if ( lspherc && !lcomplex )
      {
        /* 20100705: Fix ZeroShiftError - Edi Kirk */
	if ( IS_NOT_EQUAL(fsec4[1], 0.0) )
	  {
	    T zserr = fsec4[1];
	    for ( i = 1; i < ISEC4_NumValues; i++ ) fsec4[i] -= zserr;
	  }
      }

  if ( decscale )
    {
      T scale = (T) pow(10.0, (double)-decscale);
      for ( i = 0; i < ISEC4_NumValues; i++ ) fsec4[i] *= scale;
    }

  return (bdsLen);
}


void TEMPLATE(grib_decode,T)(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, T *fsec2, int *isec3,
			     T *fsec3, int *isec4, T *fsec4, int fsec4len, int *kgrib,
			     int kleng, int *kword, int dfunc, int *iret)
{
  UCHAR *is = NULL, *pds = NULL, *gds = NULL, *bms = NULL, *bds = NULL;
  int isLen = 0, pdsLen = 0, gdsLen = 0, bmsLen = 0, bdsLen = 0, esLen = 0;
  int gribLen = 0;
  int gdsIncluded = FALSE;
  int bmsIncluded = FALSE;
  int bitmapSize = 0;
  int imaskSize = 0;
  int ldebug = FALSE;
  int llarge = FALSE, l_iorj = FALSE;
  int lsect2 = FALSE, lsect3 = FALSE;
  int numGridVals = 0;
  static int lmissvalinfo = 1;

  UNUSED(kleng);

  *iret = 0;

  grsdef();

  ISEC2_Reduced = FALSE;

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    IS Indicator Section (Section 0)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  is = (unsigned char *) &kgrib[0];

  isLen = decodeIS(is, isec0, iret);

  /*
    If count is negative, have to rescale by factor of -120.
    This is a fixup to get round the restriction on product lengths
    due to the count being only 24 bits. It is only possible because
    the (default) rounding for GRIB products is 120 bytes.
  */
  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Len < 0 )
    {
      if ( ldebug )
	gprintf(__func__, "Special case, negative length multiplied by -120");
      llarge = TRUE;
      ISEC0_GRIB_Len *= (-120);
    }
  /*
    When decoding or calculating length, previous editions
    of the GRIB code must be taken into account.

    In the table below, covering sections 0 and 1 of the GRIB
    code, octet numbering is from the beginning of the GRIB
    message;
    * indicates that the value is not available in the code edition;
    R indicates reserved, should be set to 0;
    Experimental edition is considered as edition -1.

    GRIB code edition -1 has fixed length of 20 octets for
    section 1, the length not included in the message.
    GRIB code edition 0 has fixed length of 24 octets for
    section 1, the length being included in the message.
    GRIB code edition 1 can have different lengths for section
    1, the minimum being 28 octets, length being included in
    the message.

                                         Octet numbers for code
                                                  editions

                 Contents.                   -1      0      1
                 ---------                ----------------------
       Letters GRIB                          1-4    1-4    1-4
       Total length of GRIB message.          *      *     5-7
       GRIB code edition number               *      *      8
       Length of Section 1.                   *     5-7    9-11
       Reserved octet (R).                    *      8(R)   *
       Version no. of Code Table 2.           *      *     12
       Identification of centre.              5      9     13
       Generating process.                    6     10     14
       Grid definition .                      7     11     15
       Flag (Code Table 1).                   8     12     16
       Indicator of parameter.                9     13     17
       Indicator of type of level.           10     14     18
       Height, pressure etc of levels.      11-12  15-16  19-20
       Year of century.                      13     17     21
       Month.                                14     18     22
       Day.                                  15     19     23
       Hour.                                 16     20     24
       Minute.                               17     21     25
       Indicator of unit of time.            18     22     26
       P1 - Period of time.                  19     23     27
       P2 - Period of time                  20(R)   24     28
       or reserved octet (R).
       Time range indicator.                21(R)   25     29
       or reserved octet (R).
       Number included in average.       22-23(R)  26-27  30-31
       or reserved octet (R).
       Number missing from average.         24(R)  28(R)   32
       or reserved octet (R).
       Century of data.                       *      *     33
       Designates sub-centre if not 0.        *      *     34
       Decimal scale factor.                  *      *    35-36
       Reserved. Set to 0.                    *      *    37-48
       (Need not be present)
       For originating centre use only.       *      *    49-nn
       (Need not be present)

    Identify which GRIB code edition is being decoded.

    In GRIB edition 1, the edition number is in octet 8.
    In GRIB edition 0, octet 8 is reserved and set to 0.
    In GRIB edition -1, octet 8 is a flag field and can have a
    a valid value of 0, 1, 2 or 3.

    However, GRIB edition number 0 has a fixed
    length of 24, included in the message, for section 1, so
    if the value extracted from octets 5-7 is 24 and that from
    octet 8 is 0, it is safe to assume edition 0 of the code.

  */
  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Len == 24 && ISEC0_GRIB_Version == 0 )
    {
      /*
	Set length of GRIB message to missing data value.
      */
      ISEC0_GRIB_Len = 0;
    }
  /*
    If Grib Edition 1 and only length is required, go to section 9.
  */
  if ( dfunc == 'L' ) goto LABEL900;

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    PDS Product Definition Section (Section 1)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */ 
  pds = is + isLen;

  pdsLen = decodePDS(pds, isec0, isec1);

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    GDS Grid Description Section (Section 2)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  gdsIncluded = ISEC1_Sec2Or3Flag & 128;

  if ( gdsIncluded )
    {
      gds = is + isLen + pdsLen;

      gdsLen = TEMPLATE(decodeGDS,T)(gds, isec0, isec2, fsec2, &numGridVals);
    }

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    BMS Bit-Map Section Section (Section 3)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */ 
  bmsIncluded = ISEC1_Sec2Or3Flag & 64;

  isec3[0] = 0;
  if ( bmsIncluded )
    {
      bms = is + isLen + pdsLen + gdsLen;

      bmsLen = BMS_Len;
      imaskSize = (bmsLen - 6)<<3;
      bitmapSize = imaskSize - BMS_UnusedBits;
      /*
      fprintf(stderr," bitmapSize = %d %d %d\n", bitmapSize, imaskSize, BMS_UnusedBits);
      */
    }

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    BDS Binary Data Section (Section 4)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
  bds = is + isLen + pdsLen + gdsLen + bmsLen;

  bdsLen = ISEC0_GRIB_Len - (isLen + pdsLen + gdsLen + bmsLen);

  bdsLen = TEMPLATE(decodeBDS,T)(ISEC1_DecScaleFactor, bds, isec2, isec4, 
				 fsec4, fsec4len, dfunc, bdsLen, numGridVals, llarge, iret);

  if ( *iret != 0 ) return;

  ISEC4_NumNonMissValues = ISEC4_NumValues;

  if ( bitmapSize > 0 )
    {
      if ( dfunc != 'L' && dfunc != 'J' )
	if ( DBL_IS_NAN(FSEC3_MissVal) && lmissvalinfo )
	  {
	    lmissvalinfo = 0;
	    FSEC3_MissVal = GRIB_MISSVAL;
	    Message("Missing value = NaN is unsupported, set to %g!", GRIB_MISSVAL);
	  }

      /* ISEC4_NumNonMissValues = ISEC4_NumValues; */
      ISEC4_NumValues        = bitmapSize;

      if ( dfunc != 'J' || bitmapSize == ISEC4_NumNonMissValues )
	{
	  long i, j;
	  GRIBPACK *pbitmap;
	  GRIBPACK bitmap;
	  GRIBPACK *imask;

	  /*
	  unsigned char *bitmap;
	  bitmap = BMS_Bitmap;
	  j = ISEC4_NumNonMissValues;
	  for ( i = ISEC4_NumValues-1; i >= 0; i-- )
	    {
	      if ( (bitmap[i/8]>>(7-(i&7)))&1 )
		fsec4[i] = fsec4[--j];
	      else
		fsec4[i] = FSEC3_MissVal;
	    }
	  */

	  imask = (GRIBPACK*) malloc(imaskSize*sizeof(GRIBPACK));

#if defined (VECTORCODE)
	  (void) UNPACK_GRIB(BMS_Bitmap, imask, imaskSize/8, -1L);
	  pbitmap = imask;
#else
	  pbitmap = BMS_Bitmap;
#endif

#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
	  for ( i = imaskSize/8-1; i >= 0; i-- )
	    {
	      bitmap = pbitmap[i];
	      imask[i*8+0] = 1 & (bitmap >> 7);
	      imask[i*8+1] = 1 & (bitmap >> 6);
	      imask[i*8+2] = 1 & (bitmap >> 5);
	      imask[i*8+3] = 1 & (bitmap >> 4);
	      imask[i*8+4] = 1 & (bitmap >> 3);
	      imask[i*8+5] = 1 & (bitmap >> 2);
	      imask[i*8+6] = 1 & (bitmap >> 1);
	      imask[i*8+7] = 1 & (bitmap);
	    }

	  j = 0;
	  for ( i = 0; i < ISEC4_NumValues; i++ )
	    if ( imask[i] ) j++;

	  if ( ISEC4_NumNonMissValues != j )
	    {
	      if ( dfunc != 'J' && ISEC4_NumBits != 0 )
		Warning("Bitmap (%d) and data (%d) section differ, using bitmap section!",
			j, ISEC4_NumNonMissValues);

	      ISEC4_NumNonMissValues = j;
	    }

	  if ( dfunc != 'J' )
	    {
#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
	      for ( i = ISEC4_NumValues-1; i >= 0; i-- )
		fsec4[i] = imask[i] ? fsec4[--j] : FSEC3_MissVal;
	    }

	  free(imask);
	}
    }

  if ( ISEC2_Reduced )
    {
      int nlon, nlat;
      int lsect3, lperio = 1, lveggy;
      int ilat;
      int nvalues = 0;
      int dlon;

      nlat = ISEC2_NumLat;
      nlon = ISEC2_RowLonPtr[0];
      for ( ilat = 0; ilat < nlat; ++ilat ) nvalues += ISEC2_RowLon(ilat);
      for ( ilat = 1; ilat < nlat; ++ilat )
	if ( ISEC2_RowLon(ilat) > nlon ) nlon = ISEC2_RowLon(ilat);

      dlon = ISEC2_LastLon-ISEC2_FirstLon;
      if ( dlon < 0 ) dlon += 360000;
	  
      if ( nvalues != ISEC4_NumValues )
	{
	  *iret = -801;
	}
      //printf("nlat %d  nlon %d \n", nlat, nlon);
      //printf("nvalues %d %d\n", nvalues, ISEC4_NumValues);

      if ( dfunc == 'R' && *iret == -801 )
	gprintf(__func__, "Number of values (%d) and sum of lons per row (%d) differ, abort conversion to regular Gaussian grid!",
		ISEC4_NumValues, nvalues);
      
      if ( dfunc == 'R' && *iret != -801 )
	{
	  ISEC2_Reduced = 0;
	  ISEC2_NumLon = nlon;
	  ISEC4_NumValues = nlon*nlat;

	  lsect3 = bitmapSize > 0;
	  lveggy = (ISEC1_CodeTable == 128) && (ISEC1_CenterID == 98) && 
	          ((ISEC1_Parameter == 27) || (ISEC1_Parameter == 28) || 
	           (ISEC1_Parameter == 29) || (ISEC1_Parameter == 30));
	
	  (void) TEMPLATE(qu2reg3,T)(fsec4, ISEC2_RowLonPtr, nlat, nlon, FSEC3_MissVal, iret, lsect3, lperio, lveggy);
	      
	  if ( bitmapSize > 0 )
	    {
	      long i;
	      int j = 0;
	      
	      for ( i = 0; i < ISEC4_NumValues; i++ )
		if ( IS_NOT_EQUAL(fsec4[i], FSEC3_MissVal) ) j++;
		  
	      ISEC4_NumNonMissValues = j;
	    }
	}
    }


  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Version == 1 ) isLen = 8;
  esLen = 4;

  gribLen = isLen + pdsLen + gdsLen + bmsLen + bdsLen + esLen;

  if ( ISEC0_GRIB_Len )
    if ( gribLen > ISEC0_GRIB_Len )
      {
	Warning("grib1Len = %d gribLen = %d", ISEC0_GRIB_Len, gribLen);
      }

  ISEC0_GRIB_Len = gribLen;

  *kword = gribLen / sizeof(int);
  if ( (size_t) gribLen != *kword * sizeof(int) ) *kword += 1;

  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    Section 9 . Abort/return to calling routine.
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 LABEL900:;

  if ( ldebug )
    {
      gprintf(__func__, "Section 9.");
      gprintf(__func__, "Output values set -");

      gribPrintSec0(isec0);
      gribPrintSec1(isec0, isec1);
      /*
	Print section 2 if present.
      */
      if ( lsect2 ) TEMPLATE(gribPrintSec2,T)(isec0, isec2, fsec2);

      if ( ! l_iorj )
	{
	  /*
	    Print section 3 if present.
	  */
	  if ( lsect3 ) TEMPLATE(gribPrintSec3,T)(isec0, isec3, fsec3);

	  TEMPLATE(gribPrintSec4,T)(isec0, isec4, fsec4);
	  /*
	    Special print for 2D spectra wave field real values in
	    section 4
	  */
	  if ( (isec1[ 0] ==  140) && 
	       (isec1[ 1] ==   98) && 
	       (isec1[23] ==    1) && 
	       ((isec1[39] == 1045) || (isec1[39] == 1081))  && 
	       ((isec1[ 5] ==  250) || (isec1[ 5] ==  251)) )
	    gribPrintSec4Wave(isec4);
	}
    }
}

#endif /* T */

/* GRIB block 0 - indicator block */
static
void encodeIS(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *gribLen)
{
  long z = *gribLen;

  lGrib[0] = 'G';
  lGrib[1] = 'R';
  lGrib[2] = 'I';
  lGrib[3] = 'B';

  /* 
   * lGrib[4]-lGrib[6] contains full length of grib record. 
   * included before finished CODEGB
   */

  z = 7;   
  Put1Byte(1); /* grib version */
  z = 8;

  *gribLen = z;
}

/* GRIB block 5 - end block */
static
void encodeES(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *gribLen, long bdsstart)
{
  long z = *gribLen;

  lGrib[z++] = '7';
  lGrib[z++] = '7';
  lGrib[z++] = '7';
  lGrib[z++] = '7';

  if ( z > JP23SET )
    {
      long itemp;
      long bdslen = z - 4;
      /*
      fprintf(stderr, "Abort: GRIB record too large (max = %d)!\n", JP23SET);
      exit(1);
      */
      /*
	If a very large product, the section 4 length field holds
	the number of bytes in the product after section 4 upto
	the end of the padding bytes.
	This is a fixup to get round the restriction on product lengths
	due to the count being only 24 bits. It is only possible because
	the (default) rounding for GRIB products is 120 bytes.
      */
      while ( z%120 ) lGrib[z++] = 0;

      if ( z > JP23SET*120 )
	{
	  fprintf(stderr, "Abort: GRIB record too large (max = %d)!\n", JP23SET*120);
	  exit(1);
	}

      itemp = z / (-120);
      itemp = JP23SET - itemp + 1;

      lGrib[4] = itemp >> 16;
      lGrib[5] = itemp >>  8;
      lGrib[6] = itemp;

      bdslen = z - bdslen;
      lGrib[bdsstart  ] = bdslen >> 16;
      lGrib[bdsstart+1] = bdslen >>  8;
      lGrib[bdsstart+2] = bdslen;
    }
  else
    {
      lGrib[4] = z >> 16;
      lGrib[5] = z >>  8;
      lGrib[6] = z;

      while ( z%8 ) lGrib[z++] = 0;
    }

  *gribLen = z;
}

/* GRIB block 1 - product definition block. */

#define DWD_extension_253_len 38
#define DWD_extension_254_len 26
#define ECMWF_extension_1_len 24
#define MPIM_extension_1_len  18

static
long getLocalExtLen(int *isec1)
{
  long extlen = 0;

  if ( ISEC1_LocalFLag )
    {
      if ( ISEC1_CenterID == 78 || ISEC1_CenterID == 215 || ISEC1_CenterID == 250 )
	{
	  if      ( isec1[36] == 254 ) extlen = DWD_extension_254_len;
	  else if ( isec1[36] == 253 ) extlen = DWD_extension_253_len;
	}
      else if ( ISEC1_CenterID == 98 )
        {
	  if ( isec1[36] == 1 )   extlen = ECMWF_extension_1_len;
        }
      else if ( ISEC1_CenterID == 252 )
        {
	  if ( isec1[36] == 1 ) extlen = MPIM_extension_1_len;
        }
    }

  return (extlen);
}

static
long getPdsLen(int *isec1)
{
  long pdslen = 28;

  pdslen += getLocalExtLen(isec1);

  return (pdslen);
}

static
void encodePDS_DWD_local_Extension_254(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *zs, int *isec1)
{
  int isvn;
  long localextlen, i;
  long z = *zs;

  localextlen = getLocalExtLen(isec1);
  for ( i = 0; i < localextlen-2; i++ )
    {
      Put1Byte(isec1[24+i]);
    }

  isvn = isec1[49] << 15 | isec1[48]; /* DWD experiment identifier    */
  Put2Byte(isvn);             /* DWD run type (0=main, 2=ass, 3=test) */

  *zs = z;
}

static
void encodePDS_DWD_local_Extension_253(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *zs, int *isec1)
{
  int isvn;
  long localextlen, i;
  long z = *zs;

  localextlen = DWD_extension_254_len;
  for ( i = 0; i < localextlen-2; i++ )
    {
      Put1Byte(isec1[24+i]);
    }

  isvn = isec1[49] << 15 | isec1[48]; /* DWD experiment identifier    */
  Put2Byte(isvn);             /* DWD run type (0=main, 2=ass, 3=test) */
  Put1Byte(isec1[50]);        /* 55 User id, specified by table       */
  Put2Byte(isec1[51]);        /* 56 Experiment identifier             */
  Put2Byte(isec1[52]);        /* 58 Ensemble identification by table  */
  Put2Byte(isec1[53]);        /* 60 Number of ensemble members        */
  Put2Byte(isec1[54]);        /* 62 Actual number of ensemble member  */
  Put1Byte(isec1[55]);        /* 64 Model major version number        */ 
  Put1Byte(isec1[56]);        /* 65 Model minor version number        */ 
  Put1Byte(0);                /* 66 Blank for even buffer length      */

  *zs = z;
}

static
void encodePDS_ECMWF_local_Extension_1(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *zs, int *isec1)
{
  // int isvn;
  long localextlen, i;
  long z = *zs;

  localextlen = getLocalExtLen(isec1);
  for ( i = 0; i < localextlen-12; i++ )
    {
      Put1Byte(isec1[24+i]);
    }
                              /* 12 bytes explicitly encoded below:         */
  Put1Byte(isec1[36]);        /* ECMWF local GRIB use definition identifier */
                              /*    1=MARS labelling or ensemble fcst. data */
  Put1Byte(isec1[37]);        /* Class                                      */
  Put1Byte(isec1[38]);        /* Type                                       */
  Put2Byte(isec1[39]);        /* Stream                                     */

  /* Version number or experiment identifier    */
  Put1Byte(((unsigned char*) &isec1[40])[0]);
  Put1Byte(((unsigned char*) &isec1[40])[1]);
  Put1Byte(((unsigned char*) &isec1[40])[2]);
  Put1Byte(((unsigned char*) &isec1[40])[3]);

  Put1Byte(isec1[41]);        /* Ensemble forecast number                   */
  Put1Byte(isec1[42]);        /* Total number of forecasts in ensemble      */
  Put1Byte(0);                /* (Spare)                                    */

  *zs = z;
}

static
void encodePDS_MPIM_local_Extension_1(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *zs, int *isec1)
{
  // int isvn;
  long localextlen, i;
  long z = *zs;

  localextlen = getLocalExtLen(isec1);
  for ( i = 0; i < localextlen-6; i++ )
    {
      Put1Byte(isec1[24+i]);
    }
                              /* 6 bytes explicitly encoded below:          */
  Put1Byte(isec1[36]);        /* MPIM local GRIB use definition identifier  */
                              /*    (extension identifier)                  */
  Put1Byte(isec1[37]);        /* type of ensemble forecast                  */
  Put2Byte(isec1[38]);        /* individual ensemble member                 */
  Put2Byte(isec1[39]);        /* number of forecasts in ensemble            */

  *zs = z;
}

/* GRIB BLOCK 1 - PRODUCT DESCRIPTION SECTION */
static
void encodePDS(GRIBPACK *lpds, long pdsLen, int *isec1)
{
  GRIBPACK *lGrib = lpds;
  long z = 0;
  int ival, century, year;

  century = ISEC1_Century;
  year    = ISEC1_Year;

  if ( century < 0 )
    {
      century = -century;
      year    = -year;
    }

  Put3Byte(pdsLen);               /*  0 Length of Block 1        */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_CodeTable);      /*  3 Local table number       */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_CenterID);       /*  4 Identification of centre */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_ModelID);        /*  5 Identification of model  */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_GridDefinition); /*  6 Grid definition          */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_Sec2Or3Flag);    /*  7 Block 2 included         */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_Parameter);      /*  8 Parameter Code           */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_LevelType);      /*  9 Type of level            */
  if ( (ISEC1_LevelType !=  20) &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_99)         &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_ISOBARIC)   &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_ALTITUDE)   &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_HEIGHT)     &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_SIGMA)      &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_HYBRID)     &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_LANDDEPTH)  &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != GRIB1_LTYPE_ISENTROPIC) &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 115) &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 117) &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 125) &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 127) &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 160) &&
       (ISEC1_LevelType != 210) )
    {
      Put1Byte(ISEC1_Level1);
      Put1Byte(ISEC1_Level2);
    }
  else
    {
      Put2Byte(ISEC1_Level1);     /* 10 Level                    */    
    }

  Put1Int(year);                  /* 12 Year of Century          */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_Month);          /* 13 Month                    */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_Day);            /* 14 Day                      */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_Hour);           /* 15 Hour                     */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_Minute);         /* 16 Minute                   */

  Put1Byte(ISEC1_TimeUnit);       /* 17 Time unit                */
  if ( ISEC1_TimeRange == 10 )
    {
      Put1Byte(ISEC1_TimePeriod1);
      Put1Byte(ISEC1_TimePeriod2);
    }
  else if ( ISEC1_TimeRange == 113 || ISEC1_TimeRange ==   0 )
    {
      Put1Byte(ISEC1_TimePeriod1);
      Put1Byte(0);
    }
  else if ( ISEC1_TimeRange ==   5 || ISEC1_TimeRange ==   4 || 
	    ISEC1_TimeRange ==   3 || ISEC1_TimeRange ==   2 )
    {
      Put1Byte(0);
      Put1Byte(ISEC1_TimePeriod2);
    }
  else
    {
      Put1Byte(0);
      Put1Byte(0); 
    }
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_TimeRange);      /* 20 Timerange flag           */
  Put2Byte(ISEC1_AvgNum);         /* 21 Average                  */

  Put1Byte(ISEC1_AvgMiss);        /* 23 Missing from averages    */
  Put1Byte(century);              /* 24 Century                  */
  Put1Byte(ISEC1_SubCenterID);    /* 25 Subcenter                */
  Put2Byte(ISEC1_DecScaleFactor); /* 26 Decimal scale factor     */

  if ( ISEC1_LocalFLag )
    {
      if ( ISEC1_CenterID == 78 || ISEC1_CenterID == 215 || ISEC1_CenterID == 250 )
	{
	  if      ( isec1[36] == 254 ) encodePDS_DWD_local_Extension_254(lGrib, &z, isec1);
	  else if ( isec1[36] == 253 ) encodePDS_DWD_local_Extension_253(lGrib, &z, isec1);
	}
      else if ( ISEC1_CenterID == 98 )
	{
	  if ( isec1[36] == 1 ) encodePDS_ECMWF_local_Extension_1(lGrib, &z, isec1);
	}
      else if ( ISEC1_CenterID == 252 )
	{
	  if ( isec1[36] == 1 ) encodePDS_MPIM_local_Extension_1(lGrib, &z, isec1);
	}
      else
	{
	  long i, localextlen;
	  localextlen = getLocalExtLen(isec1);
	  for ( i = 0; i < localextlen; i++ )
	    {
	      Put1Byte(isec1[24+i]);
	    }
	}
    }
}

int  BitsPerInt = (int) (sizeof(int) * 8);



#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T double
#ifdef T

static
void TEMPLATE(encode_array_common,T)(int numBits, size_t packStart, size_t datasize, GRIBPACK *lGrib,
				     const T *data, T zref, T factor, size_t *gz)
{
  size_t i, z = *gz;
  unsigned int ival;
  int cbits, jbits;
  unsigned int c;
  static unsigned int mask[] = {0,1,3,7,15,31,63,127,255};
    
  /* code from gribw routine flist2bitstream */

  cbits = 8;
  c = 0;
  for ( i = packStart; i < datasize; i++ )
    {
      /* note float -> unsigned int .. truncate */
      ival = (unsigned int) ((data[i] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
      /*
	if ( ival > max_nbpv_pow2 ) ival = max_nbpv_pow2;
	if ( ival < 0 ) ival = 0;
      */
      jbits = numBits;
      while ( cbits <= jbits ) 
	{
	  if ( cbits == 8 )
	    {
	      jbits -= 8;
	      lGrib[z++] = (ival >> jbits) & 0xFF;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      jbits -= cbits;
	      lGrib[z++] = (c << cbits) + ((ival >> jbits) & mask[cbits]);
	      cbits = 8;
	      c = 0;
	    }
	}
      /* now jbits < cbits */
      if ( jbits )
	{
	  c = (c << jbits) + (ival & mask[jbits]);
	  cbits -= jbits;
	}
    }
  if ( cbits != 8 ) lGrib[z++] = c << cbits;

  *gz = z;
}

static
void TEMPLATE(encode_array_2byte,T)(size_t datasize, GRIBPACK *restrict lGrib,
				    const T *restrict data, T zref, T factor, size_t *gz)
{
  size_t i, z = *gz;
  uint16_t ui16;
  T tmp;

#if   defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#elif defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#elif defined (__uxp__)
#pragma loop novrec
#elif defined (__ICC)
#pragma ivdep
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < datasize; i++ )
    {
      tmp = ((data[i] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
      ui16 = (uint16_t) tmp;
      lGrib[z  ] = ui16 >>  8;
      lGrib[z+1] = ui16;
      z += 2;
    }

  *gz = z;
}

static
void TEMPLATE(encode_array,T)(int numBits, size_t packStart, size_t datasize, 
			      GRIBPACK *restrict lGrib,
			      const T *restrict data, 
			      T zref, T factor, size_t *gz)
{
#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER || defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
  uint64_t start_minmax, end_minmax;
#endif

  uint32_t ui32;
  size_t i, z = *gz;
  T tmp;

  data += packStart;
  datasize -= packStart;

  if      ( numBits ==  8 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(2, "pack 8 bit base");
#endif

#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#elif defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#elif defined (__uxp__)
#pragma loop novrec
#elif defined (__ICC)
#pragma ivdep
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize; i++ )
	{
	  tmp = ((data[i] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	  lGrib[z  ] = (uint16_t) tmp;
          z++;
	}

#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(2);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 16 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(3, "pack 16 bit base");
#elif defined _GET_X86_COUNTER 
      start_minmax = _rdtsc();
#elif defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
      start_minmax = mach_absolute_time();
#endif

      if ( sizeof(T) == sizeof(double) )
      	{ 
#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
          avx_encode_array_2byte_double(datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
          sse41_encode_array_2byte_double(datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
#else
          TEMPLATE(encode_array_2byte,T)(datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
#endif
        }
      else
        {
          TEMPLATE(encode_array_2byte,T)(datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
        }

#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER || defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER
#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER 
      end_minmax = _rdtsc();
#elif defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
      end_minmax = mach_absolute_time();
#endif
#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
      printf("AVX encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_minmax-start_minmax);
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
      printf("SSE 4.1 encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_minmax-start_minmax);
#else
      printf("loop encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_minmax-start_minmax);
#endif  
#endif
      
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(3);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 24 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(4, "pack 24 bit base");
#endif

#if   defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#elif defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#elif defined (__uxp__)
#pragma loop novrec
#elif defined (__ICC)
#pragma ivdep
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize; i++ )
	{
	  tmp = ((data[i] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
          ui32 = (uint32_t) tmp;
          lGrib[z  ] =  ui32 >> 16;
          lGrib[z+1] =  ui32 >>  8;
          lGrib[z+2] =  ui32;
          z += 3;
	}

#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(4);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 32 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(5, "pack 32 bit base");
#endif

#if   defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#elif defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#elif defined (__uxp__)
#pragma loop novrec
#elif defined (__ICC)
#pragma ivdep
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize; i++ )
	{
	  tmp = ((data[i] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
          ui32 = (uint32_t) tmp;
          lGrib[z  ] =  ui32 >> 24;
          lGrib[z+1] =  ui32 >> 16;
          lGrib[z+2] =  ui32 >>  8;
          lGrib[z+3] =  ui32;
          z += 4;
	}

#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(5);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits > 0 && numBits <= 32 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(encode_array_common,T)(numBits, 0, datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
    }
  else if ( numBits == 0 )
    {
    }
  else
    {
      Error("Unimplemented packing factor %d!", numBits);
    }

  *gz = z;
}

static
void TEMPLATE(encode_array_unrolled,T)(int numBits, size_t packStart, size_t datasize, 
				       GRIBPACK *restrict lGrib,
				       const T *restrict data, 
				       T zref, T factor, size_t *gz)
{
  U_BYTEORDER;
  size_t i, j, z = *gz;
#ifdef _ARCH_PWR6
#define __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 8
#else
#define __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 8
#endif
  size_t residual;
  size_t ofs;
  T dval[__UNROLL_DEPTH_2];
  unsigned long ival;

  data += packStart;
  datasize -= packStart;
  residual =  datasize % __UNROLL_DEPTH_2;
  ofs = datasize - residual;

  // reducing FP operations to single FMA is slowing down on pwr6 ...

  if      ( numBits ==  8 )
    {
      unsigned char *cgrib = (unsigned char *) (lGrib + z);
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(2, "pack 8 bit unrolled");
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize - residual; i += __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 ) 
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      dval[j] = ((data[i+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	    }
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      *cgrib++ =  (unsigned long) dval[j];
	    }
	  z += __UNROLL_DEPTH_2;
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  dval[j] = ((data[ofs+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  *cgrib++ = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	}
      z += residual;

#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(2);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 16 )
    {
      unsigned short *sgrib = (unsigned short *) (lGrib + z);
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(3, "pack 16 bit unrolled");
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize - residual; i += __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 ) 
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      dval[j] = ((data[i+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	    }
	  if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
	    {
	      for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
		{
		  *sgrib++ = (unsigned long) dval[j];
		}
	      z += 2*__UNROLL_DEPTH_2;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
		{
		  ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
		  lGrib[z  ] = ival >>  8;
		  lGrib[z+1] = ival;
		  z += 2;
		}
	    }
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  dval[j] = ((data[ofs+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	}
      if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	    {
	      *sgrib++ = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	    }
	  z += 2*residual;
	}
      else
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	    {
	      ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	      lGrib[z  ] = ival >>  8;
	      lGrib[z+1] = ival;
	      z += 2;
	    }
	}
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(3);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 24 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(4, "pack 24 bit unrolled");
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize - residual; i += __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 ) 
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      dval[j] = ((data[i+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	    }
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	      lGrib[z  ] =  ival >> 16;
	      lGrib[z+1] =  ival >>  8;
	      lGrib[z+2] =  ival;
	      z += 3;
	    }
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  dval[j] = ((data[ofs+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	  lGrib[z  ] =  ival >> 16;
	  lGrib[z+1] =  ival >>  8;
	  lGrib[z+2] =  ival;
	  z += 3;
	}
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(4);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 32 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(5, "pack 32 bit unrolled");
#endif
      unsigned int *igrib = (unsigned int *) (lGrib + z);
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize - residual; i += __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 ) 
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      dval[j] = ((data[i+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	    }
	  if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
	    {
	      for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
		{
		  *igrib = (unsigned long) dval[j];
		  igrib++;
		  z += 4;
		}
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
		{
		  ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
		  lGrib[z  ] =  ival >> 24;
		  lGrib[z+1] =  ival >> 16;
		  lGrib[z+2] =  ival >>  8;
		  lGrib[z+3] =  ival;
		  z += 4;
		}
	    }
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  dval[j] = ((data[ofs+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	}
      if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	    {
	      *igrib = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	      igrib++;
	      z += 4;
	    }
	}
      else
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	    {
	      ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	      lGrib[z  ] =  ival >> 24;
	      lGrib[z+1] =  ival >> 16;
	      lGrib[z+2] =  ival >>  8;
	      lGrib[z+3] =  ival;
	      z += 4;
	    }
	}
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(5);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits > 0 && numBits <= 32 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(encode_array_common,T)(numBits, 0, datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
    }
  else if ( numBits == 0 )
    {
    }
  else
    {
      Error("Unimplemented packing factor %d!", numBits);
    }

  *gz = z;
#undef __UNROLL_DEPTH_2
}

#endif /* T */

#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T float
#ifdef T

static
void TEMPLATE(encode_array_common,T)(int numBits, size_t packStart, size_t datasize, GRIBPACK *lGrib,
				     const T *data, T zref, T factor, size_t *gz)
{
  size_t i, z = *gz;
  unsigned int ival;
  int cbits, jbits;
  unsigned int c;
  static unsigned int mask[] = {0,1,3,7,15,31,63,127,255};
    
  /* code from gribw routine flist2bitstream */

  cbits = 8;
  c = 0;
  for ( i = packStart; i < datasize; i++ )
    {
      /* note float -> unsigned int .. truncate */
      ival = (unsigned int) ((data[i] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
      /*
	if ( ival > max_nbpv_pow2 ) ival = max_nbpv_pow2;
	if ( ival < 0 ) ival = 0;
      */
      jbits = numBits;
      while ( cbits <= jbits ) 
	{
	  if ( cbits == 8 )
	    {
	      jbits -= 8;
	      lGrib[z++] = (ival >> jbits) & 0xFF;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      jbits -= cbits;
	      lGrib[z++] = (c << cbits) + ((ival >> jbits) & mask[cbits]);
	      cbits = 8;
	      c = 0;
	    }
	}
      /* now jbits < cbits */
      if ( jbits )
	{
	  c = (c << jbits) + (ival & mask[jbits]);
	  cbits -= jbits;
	}
    }
  if ( cbits != 8 ) lGrib[z++] = c << cbits;

  *gz = z;
}

static
void TEMPLATE(encode_array_2byte,T)(size_t datasize, GRIBPACK *restrict lGrib,
				    const T *restrict data, T zref, T factor, size_t *gz)
{
  size_t i, z = *gz;
  uint16_t ui16;
  T tmp;

#if   defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#elif defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#elif defined (__uxp__)
#pragma loop novrec
#elif defined (__ICC)
#pragma ivdep
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < datasize; i++ )
    {
      tmp = ((data[i] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
      ui16 = (uint16_t) tmp;
      lGrib[z  ] = ui16 >>  8;
      lGrib[z+1] = ui16;
      z += 2;
    }

  *gz = z;
}

static
void TEMPLATE(encode_array,T)(int numBits, size_t packStart, size_t datasize, 
			      GRIBPACK *restrict lGrib,
			      const T *restrict data, 
			      T zref, T factor, size_t *gz)
{
#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER || defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
  uint64_t start_minmax, end_minmax;
#endif

  uint32_t ui32;
  size_t i, z = *gz;
  T tmp;

  data += packStart;
  datasize -= packStart;

  if      ( numBits ==  8 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(2, "pack 8 bit base");
#endif

#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#elif defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#elif defined (__uxp__)
#pragma loop novrec
#elif defined (__ICC)
#pragma ivdep
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize; i++ )
	{
	  tmp = ((data[i] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	  lGrib[z  ] = (uint16_t) tmp;
          z++;
	}

#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(2);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 16 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(3, "pack 16 bit base");
#elif defined _GET_X86_COUNTER 
      start_minmax = _rdtsc();
#elif defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
      start_minmax = mach_absolute_time();
#endif

      if ( sizeof(T) == sizeof(double) )
      	{ 
#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
          avx_encode_array_2byte_double(datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
          sse41_encode_array_2byte_double(datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
#else
          TEMPLATE(encode_array_2byte,T)(datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
#endif
        }
      else
        {
          TEMPLATE(encode_array_2byte,T)(datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
        }

#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER || defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER
#if defined _GET_X86_COUNTER 
      end_minmax = _rdtsc();
#elif defined _GET_MACH_COUNTER 
      end_minmax = mach_absolute_time();
#endif
#if defined _ENABLE_AVX
      printf("AVX encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_minmax-start_minmax);
#elif defined _ENABLE_SSE4_1
      printf("SSE 4.1 encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_minmax-start_minmax);
#else
      printf("loop encoding cycles:: %" PRIu64 "\n", end_minmax-start_minmax);
#endif  
#endif
      
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(3);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 24 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(4, "pack 24 bit base");
#endif

#if   defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#elif defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#elif defined (__uxp__)
#pragma loop novrec
#elif defined (__ICC)
#pragma ivdep
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize; i++ )
	{
	  tmp = ((data[i] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
          ui32 = (uint32_t) tmp;
          lGrib[z  ] =  ui32 >> 16;
          lGrib[z+1] =  ui32 >>  8;
          lGrib[z+2] =  ui32;
          z += 3;
	}

#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(4);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 32 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(5, "pack 32 bit base");
#endif

#if   defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#elif defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#elif defined (__uxp__)
#pragma loop novrec
#elif defined (__ICC)
#pragma ivdep
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize; i++ )
	{
	  tmp = ((data[i] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
          ui32 = (uint32_t) tmp;
          lGrib[z  ] =  ui32 >> 24;
          lGrib[z+1] =  ui32 >> 16;
          lGrib[z+2] =  ui32 >>  8;
          lGrib[z+3] =  ui32;
          z += 4;
	}

#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(5);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits > 0 && numBits <= 32 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(encode_array_common,T)(numBits, 0, datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
    }
  else if ( numBits == 0 )
    {
    }
  else
    {
      Error("Unimplemented packing factor %d!", numBits);
    }

  *gz = z;
}

static
void TEMPLATE(encode_array_unrolled,T)(int numBits, size_t packStart, size_t datasize, 
				       GRIBPACK *restrict lGrib,
				       const T *restrict data, 
				       T zref, T factor, size_t *gz)
{
  U_BYTEORDER;
  size_t i, j, z = *gz;
#ifdef _ARCH_PWR6
#define __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 8
#else
#define __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 8
#endif
  size_t residual;
  size_t ofs;
  T dval[__UNROLL_DEPTH_2];
  unsigned long ival;

  data += packStart;
  datasize -= packStart;
  residual =  datasize % __UNROLL_DEPTH_2;
  ofs = datasize - residual;

  // reducing FP operations to single FMA is slowing down on pwr6 ...

  if      ( numBits ==  8 )
    {
      unsigned char *cgrib = (unsigned char *) (lGrib + z);
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(2, "pack 8 bit unrolled");
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize - residual; i += __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 ) 
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      dval[j] = ((data[i+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	    }
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      *cgrib++ =  (unsigned long) dval[j];
	    }
	  z += __UNROLL_DEPTH_2;
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  dval[j] = ((data[ofs+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  *cgrib++ = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	}
      z += residual;

#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(2);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 16 )
    {
      unsigned short *sgrib = (unsigned short *) (lGrib + z);
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(3, "pack 16 bit unrolled");
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize - residual; i += __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 ) 
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      dval[j] = ((data[i+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	    }
	  if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
	    {
	      for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
		{
		  *sgrib++ = (unsigned long) dval[j];
		}
	      z += 2*__UNROLL_DEPTH_2;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
		{
		  ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
		  lGrib[z  ] = ival >>  8;
		  lGrib[z+1] = ival;
		  z += 2;
		}
	    }
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  dval[j] = ((data[ofs+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	}
      if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	    {
	      *sgrib++ = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	    }
	  z += 2*residual;
	}
      else
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	    {
	      ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	      lGrib[z  ] = ival >>  8;
	      lGrib[z+1] = ival;
	      z += 2;
	    }
	}
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(3);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 24 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(4, "pack 24 bit unrolled");
#endif
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize - residual; i += __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 ) 
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      dval[j] = ((data[i+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	    }
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	      lGrib[z  ] =  ival >> 16;
	      lGrib[z+1] =  ival >>  8;
	      lGrib[z+2] =  ival;
	      z += 3;
	    }
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  dval[j] = ((data[ofs+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	  lGrib[z  ] =  ival >> 16;
	  lGrib[z+1] =  ival >>  8;
	  lGrib[z+2] =  ival;
	  z += 3;
	}
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(4);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits == 32 )
    {
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStart(5, "pack 32 bit unrolled");
#endif
      unsigned int *igrib = (unsigned int *) (lGrib + z);
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize - residual; i += __UNROLL_DEPTH_2 ) 
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
	    {
	      dval[j] = ((data[i+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	    }
	  if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
	    {
	      for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
		{
		  *igrib = (unsigned long) dval[j];
		  igrib++;
		  z += 4;
		}
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      for (j = 0; j < __UNROLL_DEPTH_2; j++) 
		{
		  ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
		  lGrib[z  ] =  ival >> 24;
		  lGrib[z+1] =  ival >> 16;
		  lGrib[z+2] =  ival >>  8;
		  lGrib[z+3] =  ival;
		  z += 4;
		}
	    }
	}
      for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	{
	  dval[j] = ((data[ofs+j] - zref) * factor + 0.5);
	}
      if ( IS_BIGENDIAN() )
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	    {
	      *igrib = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	      igrib++;
	      z += 4;
	    }
	}
      else
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < residual; j++) 
	    {
	      ival = (unsigned long) dval[j];
	      lGrib[z  ] =  ival >> 24;
	      lGrib[z+1] =  ival >> 16;
	      lGrib[z+2] =  ival >>  8;
	      lGrib[z+3] =  ival;
	      z += 4;
	    }
	}
#ifdef _GET_IBM_COUNTER 
      hpmStop(5);
#endif
    }
  else if ( numBits > 0 && numBits <= 32 )
    {
      TEMPLATE(encode_array_common,T)(numBits, 0, datasize, lGrib, data, zref, factor, &z);
    }
  else if ( numBits == 0 )
    {
    }
  else
    {
      Error("Unimplemented packing factor %d!", numBits);
    }

  *gz = z;
#undef __UNROLL_DEPTH_2
}

#endif /* T */


#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T double
#ifdef T

/* GRIB BLOCK 2 - GRID DESCRIPTION SECTION */
static
void TEMPLATE(encodeGDS,T)(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *gribLen, int *isec2, T *fsec2)
{
  long z = *gribLen;
  int exponent, mantissa;
  long i;
  int ival;
  int pvoffset = 0xFF;
  int gdslen = 32;
  unsigned lonIncr, latIncr;

  if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LCC ) gdslen += 10;

  if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT )  gdslen += 10;

  if ( ISEC2_NumVCP || ISEC2_Reduced ) pvoffset = gdslen + 1;

  if ( ISEC2_Reduced ) gdslen += 2 * ISEC2_NumLat;

  gdslen += ISEC2_NumVCP * 4;

  Put3Byte(gdslen);             /*  0- 2 Length of Block 2 Byte 0 */
  Put1Byte(ISEC2_NumVCP);       /*  3    NV */
  Put1Byte(pvoffset);           /*  4    PV */
  Put1Byte(ISEC2_GridType);     /*  5    LatLon=0 Gauss=4 Spectral=50 */

  if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_SPECTRAL )
    {
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_PentaJ);   /*  6- 7 Pentagonal resolution J  */
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_PentaK);   /*  8- 9 Pentagonal resolution K  */
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_PentaM);   /* 10-11 Pentagonal resolution M  */
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_RepType);  /* 12    Representation type      */
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_RepMode);  /* 13    Representation mode      */
      PutnZero(18);             /* 14-31 reserved                 */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GME )
    {
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_GME_NI2);
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_GME_NI3);
      Put3Byte(ISEC2_GME_ND);
      Put3Byte(ISEC2_GME_NI);
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_GME_AFlag);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_GME_LatPP);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_GME_LonPP);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_GME_LonMPL);
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_GME_BFlag);
      PutnZero(5);
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LCC )
    {
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_NumLon);          /*  6- 7 Longitudes               */

      Put2Byte(ISEC2_NumLat);          /*  8- 9 Latitudes                */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_FirstLat);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_FirstLon);
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_ResFlag);         /* 16    Resolution flag          */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_Lov);      /* 17-19 */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_dx);       /* 20-22 */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_dy);       /* 23-25 */
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_Lambert_ProjFlag);/* 26    Projection flag          */
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_ScanFlag);        /* 27    Scanning mode            */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_LatS1);    /* 28-30 */  
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_LatS2);    /* 31-33 */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_LatSP);    /* 34-36 */  
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_LonSP);    /* 37-39 */
      PutnZero(2);                     /* 34-41 */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON    ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN  ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT )
    {
      int numlon;
      if ( ISEC2_Reduced )
	numlon = 0xFFFF;
      else
	numlon = ISEC2_NumLon;

      Put2Byte(numlon);                /*  6- 7 Number of Longitudes     */

      Put2Byte(ISEC2_NumLat);          /*  8- 9 Number of Latitudes      */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_FirstLat);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_FirstLon);
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_ResFlag);         /* 16    Resolution flag          */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_LastLat);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_LastLon);
      if ( ISEC2_ResFlag == 0 )
	{
	  lonIncr = 0xFFFF;
	  latIncr = 0xFFFF;
	}
      else
	{
	  lonIncr = ISEC2_LonIncr;
	  latIncr = ISEC2_LatIncr;
	}
      Put2Byte(lonIncr);               /* 23-24 i - direction increment  */
      if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN )
	Put2Byte(ISEC2_NumPar);        /* 25-26 Latitudes Pole->Equator  */
      else
	Put2Byte(latIncr);             /* 25-26 j - direction increment  */

      Put1Byte(ISEC2_ScanFlag);        /* 27    Scanning mode            */
      PutnZero(4);                     /* 28-31 reserved                 */

      if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT )
	{
	  Put3Int(ISEC2_LatSP);
	  Put3Int(ISEC2_LonSP);
	  Put1Real((double)(FSEC2_RotAngle));
	}
    }
  else
    {
      Error("Unsupported grid type %d", ISEC2_GridType);
    }

#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir novector     /* vectorization gives wrong results on NEC */
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < ISEC2_NumVCP; ++i )
    {
      Put1Real((double)(fsec2[10+i]));
    }

  if ( ISEC2_Reduced )
    for ( i = 0; i < ISEC2_NumLat; i++ ) Put2Byte(ISEC2_RowLon(i));

  *gribLen = z;
}

/* GRIB BLOCK 3 - BIT MAP SECTION */
static
void TEMPLATE(encodeBMS,T)(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *gribLen, T *fsec3, int *isec4, T *data, long *datasize)
{
  GRIBPACK *bitmap;
  long bitmapSize;
  long imaskSize;
  long i;
  long bmsLen, bmsUnusedBits;
  long fsec4size;
  long z = *gribLen;
#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  unsigned int *imask;
#endif
  static int lmissvalinfo = 1;
  /*  unsigned int c, imask; */

  if ( DBL_IS_NAN(FSEC3_MissVal) && lmissvalinfo)
    {
      lmissvalinfo = 0;
      Message("Missing value = NaN is unsupported!");
    }

  bitmapSize = ISEC4_NumValues;
  imaskSize = ((bitmapSize+7)>>3)<<3;
  bitmap = &lGrib[z+6];
  fsec4size = 0;

#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  imask = (unsigned int*) malloc(imaskSize*sizeof(unsigned int));
  memset(imask, 0, imaskSize*sizeof(int));

#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < bitmapSize; i++ )
    {
      if ( IS_NOT_EQUAL(data[i], FSEC3_MissVal) )
	{
	  data[fsec4size++] = data[i];
	  imask[i] = 1;
	}
    }

#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < imaskSize/8; i++ )
    {
      bitmap[i] = (imask[i*8+0] << 7) | (imask[i*8+1] << 6) |
	          (imask[i*8+2] << 5) | (imask[i*8+3] << 4) |
	          (imask[i*8+4] << 3) | (imask[i*8+5] << 2) |
	          (imask[i*8+6] << 1) | (imask[i*8+7]);
    }

  free(imask);
#else
  for ( i = 0; i < imaskSize/8; i++ ) bitmap[i] = 0;

  for ( i = 0; i < bitmapSize; i++ )
    {
      if ( IS_NOT_EQUAL(data[i], FSEC3_MissVal) )
	{
	  data[fsec4size++] = data[i];
	  bitmap[i/8] |= 1<<(7-(i&7));
	}
    }
#endif

  bmsLen = imaskSize/8 + 6;
  bmsUnusedBits = imaskSize - bitmapSize;

  Put3Byte(bmsLen);   /*  0- 2 Length of Block 3 Byte 0 */
  Put1Byte(bmsUnusedBits);
  Put2Byte(0);

  *gribLen += bmsLen;

  *datasize = fsec4size;
}


/* GRIB BLOCK 4 - BINARY DATA SECTION */
static
int TEMPLATE(encodeBDS,T)(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *gribLen, int decscale, int *isec2, int *isec4, long datasize, T *data,
			  long *datstart, long *datsize, int code)
{
  /* Uwe Schulzweida, 11/04/2003 : Check that number of bits per value is not exceeded */
  /* Uwe Schulzweida,  6/05/2003 : Copy result to fpval to prevent integer overflow */

  size_t z = *gribLen;
  long i, jloop;
  int numBits;
  int ival;
  int blockLength, PackStart = 0, Flag = 0;
  int binscale = 0;
  int nbpv;
  int bds_head = 11;
  int bds_ext = 0;
  /* ibits = BitsPerInt; */
  unsigned int max_nbpv_pow2;
  int exponent, mantissa;
  int unused_bits = 0;
  int lspherc = FALSE, lcomplex = FALSE;
  int isubset = 0, itemp = 0, itrunc = 0;
  T factor = 1, fmin, fmax;
  double zref;
  double range, rangec;
  double jpepsln = 1.0e-12;     /* -----> tolerance used to check equality     */
                                /*        of floating point numbers - needed   */
		                /*        on some platforms (eg vpp700, linux) */
  extern const double _pow2tab[158];
  extern int CGRIBEX_Const;         /* 1: Don't pack constant fields on regular grids */

  if ( isec2 )
    {
      /* If section 2 is present, it says if data is spherical harmonic */

      if ( isec2[0] == 50 || isec2[0] == 60 || 
	   isec2[0] == 70 || isec2[0] == 80 ) lspherc = TRUE;

      if ( lspherc )
	isec4[2] = 128;
      else
	isec4[2] = 0;
    }
  else
    {
      /* Section 4 says if it's spherical harmonic data.. */

      lspherc = ( isec4[2] == 128 );
    }

  /* Complex packing supported for spherical harmonics. */

  lcomplex = ( lspherc && ( isec4[3] == 64 ) ) ||
             ( lspherc && isec2 && ( isec2[5] == 2 ) );

  /* Check input specification is consistent */

  if ( lcomplex && isec2 )
    {
      if ( ( isec4[3] != 64 ) && ( isec2[5] == 2 ) )
	{
	  gprintf(__func__, "  COMPLEX mismatch. isec4[3] = %d\n", isec4[3]);
	  gprintf(__func__, "  COMPLEX mismatch. isec2[5] = %d\n", isec2[5]);
	  return (807);
	}
      else if ( ( isec4[3] == 64 ) && ( isec2[5] != 2 ) )
	{
	  gprintf(__func__, "  COMPLEX mismatch. isec4[3] = %d\n", isec4[3]);
	  gprintf(__func__, "  COMPLEX mismatch. isec2[5] = %d\n", isec2[5]);
	  return (807);
        }
      else if ( lcomplex )
	{
	  /*
	    Truncation of full spectrum, which is supposed triangular,
	    has to be diagnosed. Define also sub-set truncation.
	  */
	  isubset = isec4[17];
	  /* When encoding, use the total number of data. */
	  itemp   = isec4[0];
	  itrunc  = (int) (sqrt(itemp*4 + 1.) - 3) / 2;
	}
    }

  if ( decscale )
    {
      T scale = (T) pow(10.0, (double) decscale);
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize; ++i ) data[i] *= scale;
    }

  if ( lspherc )
    {
      if ( lcomplex )
	{
	  int jup, ioff;
	  jup  = isubset;
	  ioff = (jup+1)*(jup+2);
	  bds_ext = 4 + 3 + 4*ioff;
	  PackStart = ioff;
	  Flag = 192;
	}
      else
	{
	  bds_ext = 4;
	  PackStart = 1;
	  Flag = 128;
	}
    }

  *datstart = bds_head + bds_ext;

  nbpv = numBits = ISEC4_NumBits;

  if ( lspherc && lcomplex )
    {
      int pcStart, pcScale;
      pcStart = isubset;
      pcScale = isec4[16];
      TEMPLATE(scale_complex,T)(data, pcStart, pcScale, itrunc, 0);
      TEMPLATE(gather_complex,T)(data, pcStart, itrunc, datasize);
    }

  fmin = fmax = data[PackStart];

  TEMPLATE(minmax_val,T)(data+PackStart, datasize-PackStart, &fmin, &fmax);

  zref = (double)fmin;


  if ( CGRIBEX_Const && !lspherc )
    {
      if ( IS_EQUAL(fmin, fmax) ) nbpv = 0;
    }


  blockLength = (*datstart) + (nbpv*(datasize - PackStart) + 7)/8;
  if ( (blockLength%2) == 1 ) blockLength++;

  unused_bits = blockLength*8 - (*datstart)*8 - nbpv*(datasize - PackStart);

  Flag += unused_bits;


  /*
    Adjust number of bits per value if full integer length to
    avoid hitting most significant bit (sign bit).
  */
  /* if( nbpv == ibits ) nbpv = nbpv - 1; */
  /*
    Calculate the binary scaling factor to spread the range of
    values over the number of bits per value.
    Limit scaling to 2**-126 to 2**127 (using IEEE 32-bit floats
    as a guideline).           
  */
  range = fabs(fmax - fmin);

  if ( fabs(fmin) < FLT_MIN ) fmin = 0;
  /*
    Have to allow tolerance in comparisons on some platforms
    (eg vpp700 and linux), such as 0.9999999999999999 = 1.0,
    to avoid clipping ranges which are a power of 2.
  */
  if ( range <= jpepsln )
    {
      binscale = 0;
    }
  else if ( IS_NOT_EQUAL(fmin, 0.0) && (fabs(range/fmin) <= jpepsln) )
    {
      binscale = 0;
    }
  else if ( fabs(range-1.0) <= jpepsln )
    {
      binscale = 1 - nbpv;
    }
  else if ( range > 1.0 )
    {
      rangec = range + jpepsln;
      for ( jloop = 1; jloop < 128; jloop++ )
	{
	  if ( _pow2tab[jloop] > rangec ) break;
	}
      if ( jloop == 128 )
	{
	  gprintf(__func__, "Problem calculating binary scale value for encode code %d!", code);
	  gprintf(__func__, "> range %g rangec %g fmin %g fmax %g", range, rangec, fmin, fmax);
	  return (707);
	}
      else
	{
	  binscale = jloop - nbpv;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      rangec = range - jpepsln;
      for ( jloop = 1; jloop < 127; jloop++ )
	{
	  if ( 1.0/_pow2tab[jloop] < rangec ) break;
	}
      if ( jloop == 127 )
	{
	  gprintf(__func__, "Problem calculating binary scale value for encode code %d!", code);
	  gprintf(__func__, "< range %g rangec %g fmin %g fmax %g", range, rangec, fmin, fmax);
	  return (707);
	}
      else
	{
	  binscale = 1 - jloop - nbpv;
	}
    }

  //max_nbpv_pow2 = (unsigned) (intpow2(nbpv) - 1);
  max_nbpv_pow2 = (unsigned) ((1ULL << nbpv) - 1);

  if ( binscale != 0 )
    {
      if ( binscale < 0 )
	{
	  if ( (unsigned)(range*intpow2(-binscale)+0.5) > max_nbpv_pow2 ) binscale++;
	}
      else
	{
	  if ( (unsigned)(range/intpow2(binscale)+0.5) > max_nbpv_pow2 ) binscale--;
	}

      if ( binscale < 0 ) factor =     intpow2(-binscale);
      else                factor = 1.0/intpow2( binscale);
    }

  ref2ibm(&zref, BitsPerInt);

  Put3Byte(blockLength);      /*  0-2 Length of Block 4        */
  Put1Byte(Flag);             /*  3   Flag & Unused bits       */
  if ( binscale < 0 ) binscale = 32768 - binscale;
  Put2Byte(binscale);         /*  4-5 Scale factor             */
  Put1Real(zref);             /*  6-9 Reference value          */
  Put1Byte(nbpv);             /*   10 Packing size             */

  if ( lspherc )
    {
      if ( lcomplex )
	{
	  int jup = isubset;
	  int ioff = z + bds_ext;
	  if ( ioff > 0xFFFF ) ioff = 0;
	  Put2Byte(ioff);
	  Put2Int(isec4[16]);
	  Put1Byte(jup);
	  Put1Byte(jup);
	  Put1Byte(jup);
	  for ( i = 0; i < ((jup+1)*(jup+2)); i++ ) Put1Real((double)(data[i]));
	}
      else
	{
	  Put1Real((double)(data[0]));
	}
    }

  *datsize  = ((datasize-PackStart)*nbpv + 7)/8;

#if  defined  (_ARCH_PWR6)
  TEMPLATE(encode_array_unrolled,T)(nbpv, PackStart, datasize, lGrib, data, (T)zref, factor, &z);
#else
  TEMPLATE(encode_array,T)(nbpv, PackStart, datasize, lGrib, data, (T)zref, factor, &z);
#endif

  if ( unused_bits >= 8 ) Put1Byte(0);  /*  Fillbyte                     */

  *gribLen = z;

  return (0);
}


void TEMPLATE(grib_encode,T)(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, T *fsec2, int *isec3,
			     T *fsec3, int *isec4, T *fsec4, int klenp, int *kgrib,
			     int kleng, int *kword, int efunc, int *kret)
{
  long gribLen = 0; /* Counter of GRIB length for output */
  long isLen, pdsLen;
  GRIBPACK *lpds;
  unsigned char *CGrib;
  long fsec4size = 0;
  int numBytes;
  int bmsIncluded;
  size_t len;
  GRIBPACK *lGrib;
  long datstart, datsize, bdsstart;
  int status = 0;

  UNUSED(isec3);
  UNUSED(efunc);

  grsdef();

  CGrib = (unsigned char *) kgrib;

  bmsIncluded = ISEC1_Sec2Or3Flag & 64;

  /* set max header len */
  len = 16384;

  /* add data len */
  numBytes = (ISEC4_NumBits+7)>>3;

  len += numBytes*klenp;

  /* add bitmap len */
  if ( bmsIncluded ) len += (klenp+7)>>3;

#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  lGrib = (GRIBPACK*) malloc(len*sizeof(GRIBPACK));
  if ( lGrib == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");
#else
  lGrib = CGrib;
#endif

  isLen = 8;
  encodeIS(lGrib, &gribLen);
  lpds = &lGrib[isLen];
  pdsLen = getPdsLen(isec1);

  encodePDS(lpds, pdsLen,  isec1);
  gribLen += pdsLen;
  /*
  if ( ( isec4[3] == 64 ) && ( isec2[5] == 2 ) )
    {
      static int lwarn_cplx = TRUE;

      if ( lwarn_cplx )
	Message("Complex packing of spectral data unsupported, using simple packing!");

      isec2[5] = 1;
      isec4[3] = 0;

      lwarn_cplx = FALSE;
    }
  */
  TEMPLATE(encodeGDS,T)(lGrib, &gribLen, isec2, fsec2);
  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    BMS Bit-Map Section Section (Section 3)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */ 
  if ( bmsIncluded )
    {
      TEMPLATE(encodeBMS,T)(lGrib, &gribLen, fsec3, isec4, fsec4, &fsec4size);
    }
  else
    {
      fsec4size = ISEC4_NumValues;
    }

  bdsstart = gribLen;
  status = TEMPLATE(encodeBDS,T)(lGrib, &gribLen, ISEC1_DecScaleFactor, isec2,
				 isec4, fsec4size, fsec4, &datstart, &datsize, ISEC1_Parameter);
  if ( status )
    {
      *kret = status;
      return;
    }

  encodeES(lGrib, &gribLen, bdsstart);

  if ( (size_t) gribLen > kleng*sizeof(int) )
    Error("kgrib buffer too small! kleng = %d  gribLen = %d", kleng, gribLen);

#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  if ( (size_t) gribLen > len )
    Error("lGrib buffer too small! len = %d  gribLen = %d", len, gribLen);

  (void) PACK_GRIB(lGrib, (unsigned char *)CGrib, gribLen, -1L);

  free(lGrib);
#endif

  ISEC0_GRIB_Len     = gribLen;
  ISEC0_GRIB_Version = 1;

  *kword = gribLen / sizeof(int);
  if ( (size_t) gribLen != *kword * sizeof(int) ) *kword += 1;

  *kret = status;
}

#endif /* T */

#ifdef T
#undef T
#endif
#define T float
#ifdef T

/* GRIB BLOCK 2 - GRID DESCRIPTION SECTION */
static
void TEMPLATE(encodeGDS,T)(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *gribLen, int *isec2, T *fsec2)
{
  long z = *gribLen;
  int exponent, mantissa;
  long i;
  int ival;
  int pvoffset = 0xFF;
  int gdslen = 32;
  unsigned lonIncr, latIncr;

  if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LCC ) gdslen += 10;

  if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT )  gdslen += 10;

  if ( ISEC2_NumVCP || ISEC2_Reduced ) pvoffset = gdslen + 1;

  if ( ISEC2_Reduced ) gdslen += 2 * ISEC2_NumLat;

  gdslen += ISEC2_NumVCP * 4;

  Put3Byte(gdslen);             /*  0- 2 Length of Block 2 Byte 0 */
  Put1Byte(ISEC2_NumVCP);       /*  3    NV */
  Put1Byte(pvoffset);           /*  4    PV */
  Put1Byte(ISEC2_GridType);     /*  5    LatLon=0 Gauss=4 Spectral=50 */

  if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_SPECTRAL )
    {
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_PentaJ);   /*  6- 7 Pentagonal resolution J  */
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_PentaK);   /*  8- 9 Pentagonal resolution K  */
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_PentaM);   /* 10-11 Pentagonal resolution M  */
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_RepType);  /* 12    Representation type      */
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_RepMode);  /* 13    Representation mode      */
      PutnZero(18);             /* 14-31 reserved                 */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GME )
    {
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_GME_NI2);
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_GME_NI3);
      Put3Byte(ISEC2_GME_ND);
      Put3Byte(ISEC2_GME_NI);
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_GME_AFlag);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_GME_LatPP);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_GME_LonPP);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_GME_LonMPL);
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_GME_BFlag);
      PutnZero(5);
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LCC )
    {
      Put2Byte(ISEC2_NumLon);          /*  6- 7 Longitudes               */

      Put2Byte(ISEC2_NumLat);          /*  8- 9 Latitudes                */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_FirstLat);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_FirstLon);
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_ResFlag);         /* 16    Resolution flag          */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_Lov);      /* 17-19 */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_dx);       /* 20-22 */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_dy);       /* 23-25 */
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_Lambert_ProjFlag);/* 26    Projection flag          */
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_ScanFlag);        /* 27    Scanning mode            */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_LatS1);    /* 28-30 */  
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_LatS2);    /* 31-33 */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_LatSP);    /* 34-36 */  
      Put3Int(ISEC2_Lambert_LonSP);    /* 37-39 */
      PutnZero(2);                     /* 34-41 */
    }
  else if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON    ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN  ||
	    ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT )
    {
      int numlon;
      if ( ISEC2_Reduced )
	numlon = 0xFFFF;
      else
	numlon = ISEC2_NumLon;

      Put2Byte(numlon);                /*  6- 7 Number of Longitudes     */

      Put2Byte(ISEC2_NumLat);          /*  8- 9 Number of Latitudes      */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_FirstLat);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_FirstLon);
      Put1Byte(ISEC2_ResFlag);         /* 16    Resolution flag          */
      Put3Int(ISEC2_LastLat);
      Put3Int(ISEC2_LastLon);
      if ( ISEC2_ResFlag == 0 )
	{
	  lonIncr = 0xFFFF;
	  latIncr = 0xFFFF;
	}
      else
	{
	  lonIncr = ISEC2_LonIncr;
	  latIncr = ISEC2_LatIncr;
	}
      Put2Byte(lonIncr);               /* 23-24 i - direction increment  */
      if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_GAUSSIAN )
	Put2Byte(ISEC2_NumPar);        /* 25-26 Latitudes Pole->Equator  */
      else
	Put2Byte(latIncr);             /* 25-26 j - direction increment  */

      Put1Byte(ISEC2_ScanFlag);        /* 27    Scanning mode            */
      PutnZero(4);                     /* 28-31 reserved                 */

      if ( ISEC2_GridType == GRIB1_GTYPE_LATLON_ROT )
	{
	  Put3Int(ISEC2_LatSP);
	  Put3Int(ISEC2_LonSP);
	  Put1Real((double)(FSEC2_RotAngle));
	}
    }
  else
    {
      Error("Unsupported grid type %d", ISEC2_GridType);
    }

#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir novector     /* vectorization gives wrong results on NEC */
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < ISEC2_NumVCP; ++i )
    {
      Put1Real((double)(fsec2[10+i]));
    }

  if ( ISEC2_Reduced )
    for ( i = 0; i < ISEC2_NumLat; i++ ) Put2Byte(ISEC2_RowLon(i));

  *gribLen = z;
}

/* GRIB BLOCK 3 - BIT MAP SECTION */
static
void TEMPLATE(encodeBMS,T)(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *gribLen, T *fsec3, int *isec4, T *data, long *datasize)
{
  GRIBPACK *bitmap;
  long bitmapSize;
  long imaskSize;
  long i;
  long bmsLen, bmsUnusedBits;
  long fsec4size;
  long z = *gribLen;
#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  unsigned int *imask;
#endif
  static int lmissvalinfo = 1;
  /*  unsigned int c, imask; */

  if ( DBL_IS_NAN(FSEC3_MissVal) && lmissvalinfo)
    {
      lmissvalinfo = 0;
      Message("Missing value = NaN is unsupported!");
    }

  bitmapSize = ISEC4_NumValues;
  imaskSize = ((bitmapSize+7)>>3)<<3;
  bitmap = &lGrib[z+6];
  fsec4size = 0;

#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  imask = (unsigned int*) malloc(imaskSize*sizeof(unsigned int));
  memset(imask, 0, imaskSize*sizeof(int));

#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < bitmapSize; i++ )
    {
      if ( IS_NOT_EQUAL(data[i], FSEC3_MissVal) )
	{
	  data[fsec4size++] = data[i];
	  imask[i] = 1;
	}
    }

#if defined (CRAY)
#pragma _CRI ivdep
#endif
#if defined (SX)
#pragma vdir nodep
#endif
#ifdef __uxpch__
#pragma loop novrec
#endif
  for ( i = 0; i < imaskSize/8; i++ )
    {
      bitmap[i] = (imask[i*8+0] << 7) | (imask[i*8+1] << 6) |
	          (imask[i*8+2] << 5) | (imask[i*8+3] << 4) |
	          (imask[i*8+4] << 3) | (imask[i*8+5] << 2) |
	          (imask[i*8+6] << 1) | (imask[i*8+7]);
    }

  free(imask);
#else
  for ( i = 0; i < imaskSize/8; i++ ) bitmap[i] = 0;

  for ( i = 0; i < bitmapSize; i++ )
    {
      if ( IS_NOT_EQUAL(data[i], FSEC3_MissVal) )
	{
	  data[fsec4size++] = data[i];
	  bitmap[i/8] |= 1<<(7-(i&7));
	}
    }
#endif

  bmsLen = imaskSize/8 + 6;
  bmsUnusedBits = imaskSize - bitmapSize;

  Put3Byte(bmsLen);   /*  0- 2 Length of Block 3 Byte 0 */
  Put1Byte(bmsUnusedBits);
  Put2Byte(0);

  *gribLen += bmsLen;

  *datasize = fsec4size;
}


/* GRIB BLOCK 4 - BINARY DATA SECTION */
static
int TEMPLATE(encodeBDS,T)(GRIBPACK *lGrib, long *gribLen, int decscale, int *isec2, int *isec4, long datasize, T *data,
			  long *datstart, long *datsize, int code)
{
  /* Uwe Schulzweida, 11/04/2003 : Check that number of bits per value is not exceeded */
  /* Uwe Schulzweida,  6/05/2003 : Copy result to fpval to prevent integer overflow */

  size_t z = *gribLen;
  long i, jloop;
  int numBits;
  int ival;
  int blockLength, PackStart = 0, Flag = 0;
  int binscale = 0;
  int nbpv;
  int bds_head = 11;
  int bds_ext = 0;
  /* ibits = BitsPerInt; */
  unsigned int max_nbpv_pow2;
  int exponent, mantissa;
  int unused_bits = 0;
  int lspherc = FALSE, lcomplex = FALSE;
  int isubset = 0, itemp = 0, itrunc = 0;
  T factor = 1, fmin, fmax;
  double zref;
  double range, rangec;
  double jpepsln = 1.0e-12;     /* -----> tolerance used to check equality     */
                                /*        of floating point numbers - needed   */
		                /*        on some platforms (eg vpp700, linux) */
  extern const double _pow2tab[158];
  extern int CGRIBEX_Const;         /* 1: Don't pack constant fields on regular grids */

  if ( isec2 )
    {
      /* If section 2 is present, it says if data is spherical harmonic */

      if ( isec2[0] == 50 || isec2[0] == 60 || 
	   isec2[0] == 70 || isec2[0] == 80 ) lspherc = TRUE;

      if ( lspherc )
	isec4[2] = 128;
      else
	isec4[2] = 0;
    }
  else
    {
      /* Section 4 says if it's spherical harmonic data.. */

      lspherc = ( isec4[2] == 128 );
    }

  /* Complex packing supported for spherical harmonics. */

  lcomplex = ( lspherc && ( isec4[3] == 64 ) ) ||
             ( lspherc && isec2 && ( isec2[5] == 2 ) );

  /* Check input specification is consistent */

  if ( lcomplex && isec2 )
    {
      if ( ( isec4[3] != 64 ) && ( isec2[5] == 2 ) )
	{
	  gprintf(__func__, "  COMPLEX mismatch. isec4[3] = %d\n", isec4[3]);
	  gprintf(__func__, "  COMPLEX mismatch. isec2[5] = %d\n", isec2[5]);
	  return (807);
	}
      else if ( ( isec4[3] == 64 ) && ( isec2[5] != 2 ) )
	{
	  gprintf(__func__, "  COMPLEX mismatch. isec4[3] = %d\n", isec4[3]);
	  gprintf(__func__, "  COMPLEX mismatch. isec2[5] = %d\n", isec2[5]);
	  return (807);
        }
      else if ( lcomplex )
	{
	  /*
	    Truncation of full spectrum, which is supposed triangular,
	    has to be diagnosed. Define also sub-set truncation.
	  */
	  isubset = isec4[17];
	  /* When encoding, use the total number of data. */
	  itemp   = isec4[0];
	  itrunc  = (int) (sqrt(itemp*4 + 1.) - 3) / 2;
	}
    }

  if ( decscale )
    {
      T scale = (T) pow(10.0, (double) decscale);
      for ( i = 0; i < datasize; ++i ) data[i] *= scale;
    }

  if ( lspherc )
    {
      if ( lcomplex )
	{
	  int jup, ioff;
	  jup  = isubset;
	  ioff = (jup+1)*(jup+2);
	  bds_ext = 4 + 3 + 4*ioff;
	  PackStart = ioff;
	  Flag = 192;
	}
      else
	{
	  bds_ext = 4;
	  PackStart = 1;
	  Flag = 128;
	}
    }

  *datstart = bds_head + bds_ext;

  nbpv = numBits = ISEC4_NumBits;

  if ( lspherc && lcomplex )
    {
      int pcStart, pcScale;
      pcStart = isubset;
      pcScale = isec4[16];
      TEMPLATE(scale_complex,T)(data, pcStart, pcScale, itrunc, 0);
      TEMPLATE(gather_complex,T)(data, pcStart, itrunc, datasize);
    }

  fmin = fmax = data[PackStart];

  TEMPLATE(minmax_val,T)(data+PackStart, datasize-PackStart, &fmin, &fmax);

  zref = (double)fmin;


  if ( CGRIBEX_Const && !lspherc )
    {
      if ( IS_EQUAL(fmin, fmax) ) nbpv = 0;
    }


  blockLength = (*datstart) + (nbpv*(datasize - PackStart) + 7)/8;
  if ( (blockLength%2) == 1 ) blockLength++;

  unused_bits = blockLength*8 - (*datstart)*8 - nbpv*(datasize - PackStart);

  Flag += unused_bits;


  /*
    Adjust number of bits per value if full integer length to
    avoid hitting most significant bit (sign bit).
  */
  /* if( nbpv == ibits ) nbpv = nbpv - 1; */
  /*
    Calculate the binary scaling factor to spread the range of
    values over the number of bits per value.
    Limit scaling to 2**-126 to 2**127 (using IEEE 32-bit floats
    as a guideline).           
  */
  range = fabs(fmax - fmin);

  if ( fabs(fmin) < FLT_MIN ) fmin = 0;
  /*
    Have to allow tolerance in comparisons on some platforms
    (eg vpp700 and linux), such as 0.9999999999999999 = 1.0,
    to avoid clipping ranges which are a power of 2.
  */
  if ( range <= jpepsln )
    {
      binscale = 0;
    }
  else if ( IS_NOT_EQUAL(fmin, 0.0) && (fabs(range/fmin) <= jpepsln) )
    {
      binscale = 0;
    }
  else if ( fabs(range-1.0) <= jpepsln )
    {
      binscale = 1 - nbpv;
    }
  else if ( range > 1.0 )
    {
      rangec = range + jpepsln;
      for ( jloop = 1; jloop < 128; jloop++ )
	{
	  if ( _pow2tab[jloop] > rangec ) break;
	}
      if ( jloop == 128 )
	{
	  gprintf(__func__, "Problem calculating binary scale value for encode code %d!", code);
	  gprintf(__func__, "> range %g rangec %g fmin %g fmax %g", range, rangec, fmin, fmax);
	  return (707);
	}
      else
	{
	  binscale = jloop - nbpv;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      rangec = range - jpepsln;
      for ( jloop = 1; jloop < 127; jloop++ )
	{
	  if ( 1.0/_pow2tab[jloop] < rangec ) break;
	}
      if ( jloop == 127 )
	{
	  gprintf(__func__, "Problem calculating binary scale value for encode code %d!", code);
	  gprintf(__func__, "< range %g rangec %g fmin %g fmax %g", range, rangec, fmin, fmax);
	  return (707);
	}
      else
	{
	  binscale = 1 - jloop - nbpv;
	}
    }

  //max_nbpv_pow2 = (unsigned) (intpow2(nbpv) - 1);
  max_nbpv_pow2 = (unsigned) ((1ULL << nbpv) - 1);

  if ( binscale != 0 )
    {
      if ( binscale < 0 )
	{
	  if ( (unsigned)(range*intpow2(-binscale)+0.5) > max_nbpv_pow2 ) binscale++;
	}
      else
	{
	  if ( (unsigned)(range/intpow2(binscale)+0.5) > max_nbpv_pow2 ) binscale--;
	}

      if ( binscale < 0 ) factor =     intpow2(-binscale);
      else                factor = 1.0/intpow2( binscale);
    }

  ref2ibm(&zref, BitsPerInt);

  Put3Byte(blockLength);      /*  0-2 Length of Block 4        */
  Put1Byte(Flag);             /*  3   Flag & Unused bits       */
  if ( binscale < 0 ) binscale = 32768 - binscale;
  Put2Byte(binscale);         /*  4-5 Scale factor             */
  Put1Real(zref);             /*  6-9 Reference value          */
  Put1Byte(nbpv);             /*   10 Packing size             */

  if ( lspherc )
    {
      if ( lcomplex )
	{
	  int jup = isubset;
	  int ioff = z + bds_ext;
	  if ( ioff > 0xFFFF ) ioff = 0;
	  Put2Byte(ioff);
	  Put2Int(isec4[16]);
	  Put1Byte(jup);
	  Put1Byte(jup);
	  Put1Byte(jup);
	  for ( i = 0; i < ((jup+1)*(jup+2)); i++ ) Put1Real((double)(data[i]));
	}
      else
	{
	  Put1Real((double)(data[0]));
	}
    }

  *datsize  = ((datasize-PackStart)*nbpv + 7)/8;

#if  defined  (_ARCH_PWR6)
  TEMPLATE(encode_array_unrolled,T)(nbpv, PackStart, datasize, lGrib, data, (T)zref, factor, &z);
#else
  TEMPLATE(encode_array,T)(nbpv, PackStart, datasize, lGrib, data, (T)zref, factor, &z);
#endif

  if ( unused_bits >= 8 ) Put1Byte(0);  /*  Fillbyte                     */

  *gribLen = z;

  return (0);
}


void TEMPLATE(grib_encode,T)(int *isec0, int *isec1, int *isec2, T *fsec2, int *isec3,
			     T *fsec3, int *isec4, T *fsec4, int klenp, int *kgrib,
			     int kleng, int *kword, int efunc, int *kret)
{
  long gribLen = 0; /* Counter of GRIB length for output */
  long isLen, pdsLen;
  GRIBPACK *lpds;
  unsigned char *CGrib;
  long fsec4size = 0;
  int numBytes;
  int bmsIncluded;
  size_t len;
  GRIBPACK *lGrib;
  long datstart, datsize, bdsstart;
  int status = 0;

  UNUSED(isec3);
  UNUSED(efunc);

  grsdef();

  CGrib = (unsigned char *) kgrib;

  bmsIncluded = ISEC1_Sec2Or3Flag & 64;

  /* set max header len */
  len = 16384;

  /* add data len */
  numBytes = (ISEC4_NumBits+7)>>3;

  len += numBytes*klenp;

  /* add bitmap len */
  if ( bmsIncluded ) len += (klenp+7)>>3;

#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  lGrib = (GRIBPACK*) malloc(len*sizeof(GRIBPACK));
  if ( lGrib == NULL ) SysError("No Memory!");
#else
  lGrib = CGrib;
#endif

  isLen = 8;
  encodeIS(lGrib, &gribLen);
  lpds = &lGrib[isLen];
  pdsLen = getPdsLen(isec1);

  encodePDS(lpds, pdsLen,  isec1);
  gribLen += pdsLen;
  /*
  if ( ( isec4[3] == 64 ) && ( isec2[5] == 2 ) )
    {
      static int lwarn_cplx = TRUE;

      if ( lwarn_cplx )
	Message("Complex packing of spectral data unsupported, using simple packing!");

      isec2[5] = 1;
      isec4[3] = 0;

      lwarn_cplx = FALSE;
    }
  */
  TEMPLATE(encodeGDS,T)(lGrib, &gribLen, isec2, fsec2);
  /*
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    BMS Bit-Map Section Section (Section 3)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
  */ 
  if ( bmsIncluded )
    {
      TEMPLATE(encodeBMS,T)(lGrib, &gribLen, fsec3, isec4, fsec4, &fsec4size);
    }
  else
    {
      fsec4size = ISEC4_NumValues;
    }

  bdsstart = gribLen;
  status = TEMPLATE(encodeBDS,T)(lGrib, &gribLen, ISEC1_DecScaleFactor, isec2,
				 isec4, fsec4size, fsec4, &datstart, &datsize, ISEC1_Parameter);
  if ( status )
    {
      *kret = status;
      return;
    }

  encodeES(lGrib, &gribLen, bdsstart);

  if ( (size_t) gribLen > kleng*sizeof(int) )
    Error("kgrib buffer too small! kleng = %d  gribLen = %d", kleng, gribLen);

#if defined (VECTORCODE)
  if ( (size_t) gribLen > len )
    Error("lGrib buffer too small! len = %d  gribLen = %d", len, gribLen);

  (void) PACK_GRIB(lGrib, (unsigned char *)CGrib, gribLen, -1L);

  free(lGrib);
#endif

  ISEC0_GRIB_Len     = gribLen;
  ISEC0_GRIB_Version = 1;

  *kword = gribLen / sizeof(int);
  if ( (size_t) gribLen != *kword * sizeof(int) ) *kword += 1;

  *kret = status;
}

#endif /* T */

void encode_dummy(void)
{
  (void) encode_array_unrolled_double(0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, NULL);
  (void) encode_array_unrolled_float(0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, NULL);
}
static const char grb_libvers[] = "1.7.0" " of ""Sep 16 2014"" ""14:09:08";
const char *
cgribexLibraryVersion(void)
{
  return (grb_libvers);
}

#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 5)
#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
#endif

