diff --git a/R/RPS.R b/R/RPS.R
index a12f6a59db6d45d3645afa435c21b8a5c2b74899..75619b637a5dbc8c170f78fc4ddd982ea6464d1b 100644
--- a/R/RPS.R
+++ b/R/RPS.R
@@ -249,14 +249,13 @@ RPS <- function(exp, obs, time_dim = 'sdate', memb_dim = 'member', dat_dim = NUL
       probs_obs_cumsum <- apply(obs_probs, 2, cumsum)
 
       # rps: [sdate, nexp, nobs]
-      rps[ , i, j] <- apply((probs_exp_cumsum - probs_obs_cumsum)^2, 2, sum)
-      
+      rps[ , i, j] <- colSums((probs_exp_cumsum - probs_obs_cumsum)^2)
       if (Fair) { # FairRPS
         ## adjustment <- rowSums(-1 * (1/R - 1/R.new) * ens.cum * (R - ens.cum)/R/(R - 1)) [formula taken from SpecsVerification::EnsRps]
         R <- dim(exp)[2]  #memb
         R_new <- Inf
         adjustment <- (-1) / (R - 1) * probs_exp_cumsum * (1 - probs_exp_cumsum)
-        adjustment <- apply(adjustment, 2, sum)
+        adjustment <- colSums(adjustment)
         rps[ , i, j] <- rps[ , i, j] + adjustment
       }
     }
diff --git a/R/RPSS.R b/R/RPSS.R
index 16d038fc425add530a91791f530f76d0622b5219..ab433e91698a45de1fb89ecdcfa3901a0e9181b2 100644
--- a/R/RPSS.R
+++ b/R/RPSS.R
@@ -360,8 +360,7 @@ RPSS <- function(exp, obs, ref = NULL, time_dim = 'sdate', memb_dim = 'member',
       # Calculate RPS for each time step
       probs_clim_cumsum <- apply(clim_probs, 2, cumsum)
       probs_obs_cumsum <- apply(obs_probs, 2, cumsum)
-      rps_ref[ , j] <- apply((probs_clim_cumsum - probs_obs_cumsum)^2, 2, sum)
-
+      rps_ref[ , j] <- colSums((probs_clim_cumsum - probs_obs_cumsum)^2)
   #   if (Fair) { # FairRPS
   #     ## adjustment <- rowSums(-1 * (1/R - 1/R.new) * ens.cum * (R - ens.cum)/R/(R - 1)) [formula taken from SpecsVerification::EnsRps]
   #     R <- dim(exp)[2]  #memb