if present.

Previously it was just putting the IP and the srun would check to see if
slurm.conf's cluster name and the IP were the same to prevent setting
the working cluster unless if needed to. But since it was was checking
the cluster name and the IP it would always try to set the working
cluster rec even if they were the same.

See if this tactic can be used to make a bunch of Coverity errors
  go away.

Add NO_VAL32 (same value as NO_VAL) and
add INFINITE32 (same value as INFINITE)
These now match the NO_VAL16, NO_VAL64, INFINITE16 and INFINITE64
value types

Coverity does not recongize the getopt_long() function's required
  argument, so Coverity reported errors whenever a NULL optarg
  value resulted in an error. This change adds a bunch of tests
  for NULL optarg value and skips it's processing.

Bug 3122.

In preparation for Bug 3122

Fix srun I/O race condtion to eliminate a error message that might be
    generated if the application exits with outstanding stdin.
bug 3166

Minor style fix while in nearby lines. No functional change.

Improve performance by looping once over the bitstring rather than
three times. This also allows us to remove some temporary bitstring
variables that were holding an inverted version.

# Conflicts:
#	META
#	NEWS

# Conflicts:
#	META
#	NEWS

Update corresponding unit test check as well.

Use instead of the repeated construction of:
bit_not(b); bit_and(a, b); bit_not(b);
to avoid two addition iterations.

Can't set the job_id of a will_run will_run job prior to creating the
job. Invalidates the jobs for non-slurmuser jobs. Also not burning a
jobid could make the will_run job not be distinguishable in the logs.

Will handle the federation aspect of this in 17.11.

Bug 3436

job_write_lock and sleep a second before grabbing it again.  This should probably be made
configurable later on.